高考英语复习特殊句式.docx

1、高考英语复习特殊句式特殊句式(强调句型、省略、反意疑问句及其他)强调强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调的部分 that/who其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。强调句型的使用特点主要有以下几个方面：(1)被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且通常不能省略。It was in the park that I met him.我是在公园里遇到他的。It was in 1964 that the first telephone satellite was set up by the Group of 17 Countries.17国集团发

2、射第一颗电话卫星是在1964年。(2)被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？注意：当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。It was I who put forward the theory first.是我最先提出这个理论的。(3)被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。It was Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。It is the

3、PLA men who/that are safeguarding our country day and night.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。(4)对not.until时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not until.that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.直到做完最后一个手术白求恩才离开战地医院。(5)强调句

4、的疑问形式：When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他什么时候决定选修这一课程的？Why is it that he doesnt like the book?他为什么不喜欢这本书？Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？Who was it that broke the window？打破窗户的是谁？When was it that you called me yesterday?你昨天给我打电话是什么时候？What i

5、s it that you want me to do？你要我干什么？(6)强调句型与It is/was时间when从句：在上述句型中it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。注意两种句型“时间”表达方式的不同。It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.昨天晚上我半夜才回到家。It was midnight when I got here yesterday.昨天当我到达这儿时，已是半夜了。省略(1)状语从句的省略有些时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，而且从句的谓语动词又包含be，就可以省

6、略从句中的“主语be”部分。While (I was) in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Great Wall.在北京时，我去游览了长城。If (you are) asked，you may come in.如果被叫到，你可以进来。She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.她站在门口好像在等人。Though cold，he still wore a shirt.尽管冷，他仍穿着件衬衫。还有诸如：if so(如果如此)；if any(如果有)；if in need(如果需要)；if nece

7、ssary(如果有必要)。Errors，if (there are) any，should be corrected.如果有什么错误，就应当改正。Come tomorrow if (it is) possible.有可能的话明天来。Get up early tomorrow，if not (you dont get up early)，you will miss the first bus.明天早点起床，如果不的话，你会错过早班车。He may not be at home then，if so (he is not at home)，leave him a note.那时他可能不在家，如果这

8、样给他留个字条吧。(2)Im afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。Do you think it will rain?I hope not (that it will not rain)Do you believe our team will win?I guess so.(3)不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，t

9、ry，want，wish等的后边。I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.我请他去看电影，但他不想去。在have，need，ought，be going，used等后面。I didnt want to go there，but I had to.我不想去那儿，但我不得不去。在某些形容词glad，happy，pleased，delighted等后面。Will you join in the game？你愿意加入做游戏吗？Id be glad to.我很高兴。如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have或hav

10、e been。Are you a sailor？你是海员吗？No，but I used to be.不，但我过去是。反意疑问句(1)陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句must作“一定，准是”讲，可首先将句子改为“I am sure that从句，反意疑问部分的动词形式根据be sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。You must be hungry now，_？I am sure that you are hungry，arent you？You must be hungry now，arent you?你一定/可能饿了，是吗？You must have heard about it，_？I

11、 am sure that you have heard about it，havent you？You must have heard about it ，havent you?你一定/可能听说过这事了，是吗？You must have watched that football match last night，_？I am sure that you watched that football match last night，didnt you？You must have watched that football match last night，didnt you?你昨晚一定看足球

12、赛了，是吗？(陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语last night)(2)主句谓语动词think，believe，suppose，guess，expect，imagine的主语为第一人称时，疑问部分的主语和谓语动词与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致；若他们的主语为第二、三人称时，后面的反问部分由主句来决定。I dont believe he will succeed，will he?我认为他不会成功，是吗？Tom doesnt believe Jack will succeed，does he?汤姆不相信杰克能成功，对吗？(3)祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句中的后半部分附加问句，不表示反意，而表示一种语气。

13、其结构为：否定祈使句，will you?肯定祈使句，will/wont you?Lets.，shall we?Let us.，will you?Let第三人称.，will you?Open the door，will/wont you？打开门，好吗？Lets go out for a walk，shall we？我们出去散步，好吗？Let us go home now，will/wont you?现在，(您)让我们回家，好吗？1(2009年浙江卷)Ive read another book this week.Well，maybe_is not how much you read but wh

14、at you read that counts.AthisBthatCthere Dit【解析】 句意为：这星期我又读了一本书。嗯，也许重要的不是你看了多少，而是看了什么。考查强调句：It is/was被强调部分that从句，故选D。【答案】D2(2009年江西卷)It was_he came back from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marry.Awhen；then Bnot；untilCnot until；that Donly；when【解析】句意为：直到那年从非洲回来他才遇到那个他想与之结婚的女孩。本题考查强调

15、句型It be not until时间状语that.，被强调的部分是时间状语，且含有“直到才”的意思，故选C。【答案】C3(2009年江西卷)Some of you may have finished unit one._，you can go on to unit two.AIf you may BIf you doCIf not DIf so【解析】句意为：你们中的一些人可能已经完成了第一单元，如果这样的话，你们可以继续进行第二单元。本题主要考查so和not的用法。【答案】D4(2009年湖南卷)Every evening after dinner，if not_from work，I will spend some time walking my dog.Abeing tired BtiringCtired Dto be tired【