中考英语常见动词的用法及辨析.docx

1、中考英语常见动词的用法及辨析常见动词的用法及辨析1、have been to、have been in和have gone to的区别1）have been to：“去过某地已回来”have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数“once，twice，three times”等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。-My father has been to Beijing twice我父亲去过北京两次。 -I have never been to the great Wall我从未去过长城。 2）have been in：“在某地呆

2、了段时间”have been in +地点+for+时段“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。-I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了。-He has been in London for half a month他来伦敦已有半个月了。-he has been in beijing for two years.3）have gone to：“去了某地未回来”have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。-Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？-He has gone to

3、 England他去英国了。（尚未回来）-Mr Wang isnt hereHe has gone to Qingdao王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。 -She has gone to beijing。这三个短语都有“到某地去”的意思，但涵义和用法各不相同。 Have been in强调“过去曾去过”之意，表示经验；have been to的意思是“过去到过而现在已返回”，它强调“最近的经历”；have gone to表示“动作的完成”，强调人已离开说话的地方。 通过下列句子的对比，可以分清它们各自不同的涵义： They have been in Chicago（1） They have bee

4、n to Chicago（2） They have gone to Chicago（3） （1）句的意思是“他们曾去过芝加哥”，此语强调过去的经历，但没有说明现在是否已回来。言外之意，他们到过芝加哥，他们知道芝加哥在何处，该城市有多大，人口有多少等等。 （2）句的意思是“他们曾到过芝加哥，现在已回来了”。此语强调的是往返的经历。 （3）句的意思是“他们已到芝加哥去了”，此语的言外之意是“也许他们已经到达，也许现在还在途中”，它强调“去”的动作已经完成，所以人已不在说话的地点。1、 try to do sth 和try doing的区别try to do sth：设法/尽力做某事。try doi

5、ng：试着做某事。2、 ask( sb) for sth、ask (sb) about sth、ask( sb) to do sth的区别ask sb for sth：向某人要某物或请某人给某物。ask sb about sth：问某人有关某事。ask sb to do sth请或叫某人做某事。【注意】：ask短语用法归纳1). ask about sth (sb) 询问有关某人或某事的情况。She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗? 2). ask sb about s

6、th (sb) 询问某人有关某事。She asked me about his health. 她向我询问他的健康状况。3). ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。He asked for some water. 他要些水。A Mr Smith is asking for the manager. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人要找经理。4). ask sb for sth向某人要某物或请某人给某物。They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。He asked her for her address. 他向她要她的地址。5). ask to do sth要求或请求做

7、某事。：He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。He asked to see whoever was in charge. 他要求见负责人。He asked to go alone. 他要求一个人去。6). ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow. 叫约翰明天把这几封们寄了。He asked us to wait for him at the gate. 他叫我们在门口等他。7). ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。They all ask after you

8、. 他们都问候你(的健康)。 3、 would like“想要”、“愿意”和feel like“想要”的区别1）【would like】（想要、愿意）【like名、like名+形，like代、like代+to do ，like to do】（1）【would like名】（想要）后面接“名词”，表示“想要”某样东西。Id like two sweaters for my daughters. （我想给我的女儿们买两件毛衣。） 一般疑问句回答时：【Yes，pleace./No thanks.】（2）【would like名+形】（想要）Id like the window open.(我想要开着

9、窗户。)Id like the trouble settled at once.(我想要这件麻烦事马上得以解决。)（3）【would like代】（想要）后面接“代词”，表示“想要”某样东西。Would you like one of these mooncakes？ （ 你想要一块这样的月饼吗？）一般疑问句回答时：【Yes，pleace./No thanks.】（4）【would like代 to do】（想要）What would you like me to do？ （你想要我干什么？）特殊疑问句回答时：【Id like(love)to】Id like you to meet my pa

10、rents， too. （我想要你也见见我的父母。）Id like them to stay for dinner with us. （我想要他傍晚留下来和我们共进晚餐。）（5）【would like to do】（愿意）后面接“动词不定式”，表示“愿意”，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。Would you like to come to supper？ （ 你愿意来吃晚饭吗？）I would like to go there alone. （我想单独去那里。）Would you like to come to supper？ （你愿意来吃晚饭吗？）What would you like

11、to drink ?特殊疑问句回答时：【Id like(to drink)+名】Id like(to drink) a cup of coffee.2）【feel like】（想要、感到像、摸起来像）【like名、like代、like doing、It feels like名】【feel like（想要）。具体用法如下：a、【feel like】（想要）【like名、like代、like doing】（想要“某物”、想要“做某事”）I feel like a drink. （我想要点饮料。）I dont feel like eating. 我不想吃东西。）b、【feel like】（感到像、摸

12、起来像）They made me feel like one of the family. （他们使我感到我像是这个家庭中的一个成员。）This feels like silk. （这东西摸上去像是丝绸。）c、【It feels like+名】（好像要、似乎是）用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像要，似乎是”。It feels like rain. （天好像要下雨。）It feels like tea time. （好像到用茶的时候了。）It feels like spring. （似乎是春天了。）【注意】：（1）当主语是第一人称时， would 可与 should 换用，它们都可以缩写为 d ，

13、并且 like 也可换成 love . Im sure he would love to come. （ 我确信他愿意来。）I should like the red one. （我想要红色的。） （2）“ would like ”和“ feel like ”都有“想要”之意，但它们的含义和用法又有不同，“ would like ”意为“想要”，其语气比用 like 婉转些。5、【So+助/情+主】(“主”也是如此)、【Neither+助/情】(“主”也不如此)1）前句是肯定句：后句用【so+助/情+主】-She enjoys listening to the music.So does he

14、.-Tom can play the violin.So can his sister.- His sister is a teacher. So is his mother.2）前句是否定句：后句用【neither/nor +助/情+主】-She doesnt enjoy listening to the music.Neither does he.-Tom cant play the violin.Neither can his sister.- His sister isnt a teacher. Neither is his mother.-I dont like milk.Neith

15、er do I.6、be sure的用法sure一词在中学英语中是一个常见的词。【be sure+to do、be sure+宾从、be sureofabout】1）be sure+to do【推测主语“必然会”、“一定会”，祈使句中“务必要”，“一定要”】说话人推测句子主语“必然会”、“一定会”。-It is sure to rain天一定会下雨。-He is sure to have known about that他准会知道那件事。-He told me I was sure to get a warm welcome他告诉我，说我准会受到热情接待的。【注意】：然而be sure to do用在祈使句中，不是表示判断，而是表示对对方的要求，意为“务必要”，“一定要”。Be sure not to forget it！千万别忘记呀！Be sure to send my regards to your mother务必代我问候你母亲。Be sure not to do that again一定不要再干那种事了。2） be sure+宾从【主语“确信”“宾从”“事”】主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为