考博英语辅导讲义.docx

1、考博英语辅导讲义北京考博英语辅导班讲义英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、政治类：把捐给慈善机构 donate to charities 把看成社会公敌 look upon as a threat to society 把列为基本国策 list.as fundamental national policies把作为指导 take as the guide 把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness 保护妇女权利

2、不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) womens rights against infringement 采取各种措施 adopt various measures参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 打破僵局 break the deadlock 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 锻造一支

3、人民军队 forge a peoples army 对具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on对做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner 给带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities

4、 and challenges to 根除 (防止,消除)* root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界 observe the present-day world 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle 加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 坚持改革开放政策 adhere to t

5、he reform and open policy 坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences 减轻农民负担 alleviate farmers burden解放思想 emancipate our minds解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing 解决新问题 resolve new problems 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced

6、 ranks in the world 进入新时期 enter a new period 进行和谈 hold peace talks 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment 就接受妥协 accept a compromise on 开发西部 remake the west开始生效 go into effect (enter into force) 开拓前进 open up new ways forward 科教兴国 rejuvenate our country through science and education理顺关系 rationalize the r

7、elationship履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations 迈出重要的一步 make an important step热爱和平 love peace 深化改革 deepen the reform 审时度势 size up the situation 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity 实现民族独立 realize national independence 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes 实现小康目标 achieve the

8、 goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 实行新政策 practice new policies 受到全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide 缩小差别 bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation维护世界和平 maintain wor

9、ld peace 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给 delegate the management of . (to .) 响应号召 respond to the call修改法律 amend the laws宣布召开 announce the opening of徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 依法治国 govern the country according to law引起全国的关注 arouse the co

10、ncern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another 在中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power 增强综合国力和国际竞争 enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程

11、 look into the great journey 展现生机和活力 display ones vigor and vitality 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties 振兴西部 revive the west振兴中华民族 rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation政企不分 mix up the functions of the government and enterprises 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management 政务公开 make

12、 government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action抓住机遇 seize the opportunity转变政府职能 transform (shift) the government functions 追求进步 pursue progress 追求真理 seek the truth走进新时代 march (stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law an

13、d honestly perform ones official duties遵循规则 follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers 被指控接受贿赂 be acc

14、used of accepting bribes采取不同的办法 adopt various methods采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures 承担风险 bear (take) risk筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency)刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to

15、intensive economy 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and 经验 management expertise 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation促进改革 promote reform 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering 打假 take strong measures against fake an

16、d shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)打破垄断 break the monopoly对提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against对造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market 发挥自身优势 give full play to ones advantages 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial ris ks 改善投资环境 improve the envir

17、onment for investment 赶超先进 surpass the advanced给带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation 公证财产 notarize the properties 和达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with 和进一步合作 further cooperation with 和有合作关系 have cooperative ties with 活跃市场 enliven the market集中精力

18、把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition加快努力 speed up efforts 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks 加强管理 reinforce the management减缓通货紧缩的压力 ease the ser

19、iousness of deflation减轻的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on) 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 剪彩 cut the ribbon 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)精简机构 streamline government organs 竟争上岗 compete for the post举报非法行为

20、 disclose any illegal activities开辟更多渠道 open more channels开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market 开拓市场 control inflation (keep inflation under control) 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor扩大消费市场 expand consumption market留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possib

21、le pressure and competition 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits平衡经济(的发展) balance economy取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings) 让处于同一起跑线 put on the same platform and at the same starting point 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition 申请专利 apply for a patent实现目标 realize the goal适应的发展 adapt oneself

22、 to the development of损失惨重 suffer great losses 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance 缩小间的距离 narrow the gap between 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants提高管理水平 raise the management level提高居民生活 improve residents standard of living调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievemen

23、ts into commercial (massproduction (commercialize laboratory achievements) 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity 完善服务 perfect services为带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to 为提供巨大商机 present huge business opport

24、unities 吸收游资 absorb idle fund吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment 下海 plunge into the commercial sea 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble 向投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival,

25、 development and efficiency on the basis of quality 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 在建立分公司 set up bra

26、nches in 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on 造成损失 cause a loss to增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas) 制订法律 make a law of 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy制造假象 create smoke screens to do 阻碍的经济

27、发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失 stop the talent flight (brain drain)遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy 三、文化生活类把列为世界自然文化遗产 list as a world natural heritage site摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics)博采各国文化之长 draw on st

28、rong point of the cultures of other countries不注重历史 neglect history 采取保护态度 take protective attitude承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past and usher in the future充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intel

29、lectuals 和创造性 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically

30、 and mentally促进交流 promote the communication促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root support 抵住的诱惑 resist the temptation of 对持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to对情有独钟 show special preference (

31、favor) to 发挥的聪明才智 develop ones own talents and wisdom发挥潜力 tap ones potential繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off ones high horse, throw off ones airs) 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison ones mind 改进教学 improve teaching and learning给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 和持相同观点 share views similar to互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholar