现在分词与定语从句转换1221001553.docx

1、现在分词与定语从句转换1221001553Doi ng 【内容】(1)动名词和现在分词(2)现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语， 表语， 伴随或方式， 原因，条件，让步等(3)现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。(4)现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。一. 动名词：【定义】 相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语 ；表语。【构成形式】主动： doing sth 被动： being doneHaving done hav ing bee n done.【应用】1.做主语。(1)当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。被看作单数不可数名词。主语较长时用it代替主语。(2)特殊句型。It is no use doi

2、ng sthIt is useless doing sthIt is no good doing sthIt is a waste of time doing sthIt is worthwhile doi ng sthThere is no point use in doing sthThere is nothi ng wore than doi ng sth 没什么比做更糟糕的。(3)练习一下。 听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。 开快车是非常危险的。 已经错过了早班车已经使她很担忧。 看那本书是浪费时间。 2.作动词宾语。(1)Forbid doing sth; allow doing sth

3、 ，advocate doing sth ; admit doing sth ;Advise suggest doing sth; risk doing sth; appreciate doing sth; enjoy doingsth; Envy doing sth; avoid doing sth; consider doing sth; delay doing sth;deny doing sth. Dislike doing sth; escape doing sth; excuse doing sth; finish doing sth; forgive doing sth. Un

4、dersta nd doing sth; give up doing sth;imag ine doing sth; keep doing sth; mind doing sth. Miss doing sth ,practice doing sth, put off doing sth, resist doing sth; can t help doing sth; Can t stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth, stick todoing sth; be used to doing sth, ob

5、ject to doing sth; be busy in doingsth; adapt to doing sth; be occupied in doing sth;(2)Sth n eed require want doing(3)allow permitforbidadvice doing sth(4)练习 The light in the office is still on. He forgot (turn) it off. Don t you remember (see)the man before? I can t bear (laugh). youwill forbid(ph

6、otograph)in the park.= you willin the park. Your compositi on n eeds(correct).=Your composition needs .做介词宾语(1)动词 + 介词 + doing sthBe used to doing ; be related to doing; get dow n to doing ; be give n to doing=be addicted to doing ; put one s mind to doing ; give rise to ( 弓丨起);be equal todoing sth

7、; devote one s to doing sth ; lead to doing sth; object to doing ; look forward to doing sth; be opposed to doing sth ; stop keep preve nt sb fromdoingh sth; protect sb from doing sth; forbid sb from doing sth; Remind sb ofdoing sth ; Warn sb of doing sth ; Rob sb of doing sth; inform sb of doing st

8、h ;accuse sb of doing sth ; feel like doing sth.形容词 + 介词 +doing sthBe busy in doing ; be occupied in; be in terested in ; be resp on sible for doingsth.(3) 主语 + have + fun pleasure a good time trouble difficulty problem indoing sth;have no hesitati on in doing sth(4)what how about doing sth ( 征求意见)(

9、5)go + shopp ing swim ming camp ing climb in ghik ing runnin gskati ngwalk ing sightsee in gda ncing fish ing ridi ng jogg ing hun ti ng driv ingboati ng 练习 I used to (get) up late , but now I am used to (get) up early. The rain prevented us from (go) out . She objects to (marry) me. 你对打篮球感兴趣吗？ 我读懂他

10、有困难。 I spe nt one hour I still remember (work ) out the math problem. (take ) to the shaoLin temple that day.现在分词的用法二.现在分词 doing sth用法在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语 和 状语。作定语时与定语从句之间的转换。作状语时与状语从句之间的转换。应用于写作和句子考查。两个基本特点 在时间上表示动作正在进行。 在语态上表示主动。讲解与实践作定语1 .单个现在分词+名词或代词； 一般动词表示正在进行的动作。可相当于定语从句。它们的现在分词形式不表心理活动的词像： tire ,

11、 puzzle , disappoint, satisfy表进行而表示所修饰名词的特点。【练习】翻译：a swimmi ng pers on ;swimmi ng clothes .a falli ng leaf ;a comi ng exam ;worki ng workers .a reading room ;sleepi ng bag a disappo inting result 令人迷惑的案件 那些感到迷惑的学生 2.现在分词短语特点表示正在进行的动作。动词ing所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生。练习 This is the path （通往我校的路）。（两个动作同时发生）This i

12、s the path （定语从句翻译 ） 20年前他住在朝东的房间。（两个动作同时发生） （用分词短语修饰“房间”） （用定语从句修饰“房间”） Tell the children (play) outside not to make too much noise.( 用分词短语）（表示动作正在进行） （定语从句翻译） Tom , wearing white clothes , followed me down the hill. （把划线部分转为非限制定语从句 ）【非谓语动词作定语的区别】1. to do sth分词）（1）表示将来。 同时发生。完成时表发生位于谓语之前(2)序数词+ to

13、doAdj+est+n+ to do主语 + be + adj + to + do练习doing sth （ 动名词） doing sth （ 现在分词） done（过去名词功能。 表进行或同时发生的动作。 发生在谓语之前。 The house (build) next week is likely to be our lab. 一个游泳池 The young man(graduate ) from a good college is my cous in .（同时发生的动作） In terms of my view, He is easy（相处）。 whe n 1 went to the c

14、lass,I saw the boys and the girls (read) in theclassroom. En glish (speak)by the world is widely used in different fields ofsociety.作表语【结构】 n be doi ng【含义】多表示主语的特征。【主要词】多是表心理活动的词，译成“令人的”；这个令人感动的故事情节深深地感动了我。The story plot deeply me.（含有一个定语从句）对比过去分词多表示“人感到的”。动词不疋式表示具体动作，特别是表示将来动作。 如果在aim, duty, hope,

15、idea,happ in ess, job, pla n, problem, purpose, wish + be to do sth. 或 what + is todo sth 句子中，to do sth 是对主语起补充说明作用。 Her wish(become) an engin eer is bound to be realizedin the future.（ 划线部分用定语从句） what is my purpose is(accumulate) more words and expressi ons.宾语补足语【用法】（1） 感官动词 see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe, keep, find, listen to , look atsb doing sth（2） 使役动词：have, get, leave.【练习】 We saw steam rising from the wet clothes. （中文） 我认为你让他整天一直学习是不对的。I thi nk 【对比】 我听到他叫我几次了。 （宾补表示 完成了 的动作） He let me （ clean ） the hotel tomorrow.（ 宾补表示将要做的动作 ） The man had his hair （cut）（宾补表示被动完成的动作 ）。