九年级英语教师辅导讲义被动语态人教新目标版.docx

1、九年级英语教师辅导讲义被动语态人教新目标版被动语态教学内容1、知识结构Amanisknownbyispastrecalling.一言既出，驷马难追。Dontputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.今日事，今日毕。在上面的三句名言中，我们能看出它们的动词分别为：known,spoken,done，根据之前的学习我们知道这三个词分别是know,speak,do的过去分词形式，那么在英语中，什么情况下我们要使用动词的过去分词呢？这就是我们这节课所学被动语态。 二、典例精讲（一）Passive Voice基本概念主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动

2、、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) （二）基本分类被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词vt-本身意义不完整，后必须带

3、宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词vi-本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 （三）用法详解 1.一般现在时： amisare+过去分词肯定句：Bikes are sold in that shop.否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop.疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop?Yes,they are.No,they arent.2.一般过去时： waswere+过去分词肯定句：China was liberated in 194

4、9.否定句：China was not liberated in 1949.疑问句：Was China liberated in 1949? Yes,it was.No,it wasnt.3.一般将来时： shallwillbe going to+be+过去分词肯定句：An English class will be given by Jack tomorrow.否定句：An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow.疑问句：Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow? Yes,it w

5、ill.No.it wont.4.过去将来时：wouldwas going to+be+过去分词肯定句：An English class would be given by Jack the next week.否定句：An English class would not be given by Jack the next week.疑问句：Would an English class be given by Jack the next week? Yes,it would.No.it wouldnt.5.现在进行时：amisare+being+过去分词肯定句：A car is being d

6、riven now.否定句：A car is not being driven now.疑问句：Is a car being driven now? Yes,it is.No,it isnt.6.过去进行时: waswere +being +过去分词肯定句：A car was being driven at this time yesterday.否定句：A car was not being driven at this time yesterday.疑问句：Was a car being driven at this time yesterday? Yes,it was.No,it was

7、nt.7.现在完成时： +过去分词肯定句：A road built by the government.否定句：A road built by the government.疑问句：Has a road been built by the government? Yes,it +过去分词肯定句：A road built by the end of last month.否定句：A road built by the end of last month.疑问句：Had a road been built by the end of lat month. Yes,it be repaired mu

8、st be after class.4.The young trees should be planted in spring.三、巩固训练把下列句子变成被动语态1. We found some jewels in a box. _2. The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision. _3. James next year. _6. I many times not to skate on the pond. _7. They showed me the room where they lived. _ 答案： 1. So

9、me jewels were found in a box.2. The pupils are being kept at school for a revision.3. A parcel left by Jim for you.4. The article must be finished by you before Friday.5. The next year.6. The children told many times not to skate on the pond by me.7. I was shown the room where they lived by them.四、

10、小结回顾主动和被动的对比主动语态被动语态一般现在时isamaredodoes(V.V.s)amisare+done一般过去时willbe going tobe(about)to+do(V.)will+be+done(V.+p.p)一般将来时wasweredid(V.-ed)waswere+done(V.p.p)现在进行时amisare+doing(V.ing)amisare+doing+done(V.p.p)过去进行时waswere+doing(V.-ing)waswere+doing+done(V.p.p)现在完成时havehas+done(V.p.p)+done(V.p.p)过去完成时ha

11、d+done(V.p.p)+done(V.p.p)过去将来时wouldshould+V.wouldshould be+done(V.p.p)情态动词情态动词+V.情态动词+be+done(V.p.p)一、专题知识梳理之前我们已经学过了被动语态的知识了，对于各种时态的被动语态你还记得多少？请根据老师的思路，一起来复习一下吧！二、专题精讲 （一）含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构： 可以将一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动 当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前加to或for 1. My mother gave me a pencil. -I was given a pencil by my mother. -A

12、pencil was given to me by my mother. 2. Father bought me a new coat. -I was bought a new coat. -A new coat was bought for me.口诀：如遇双宾语，最好变间宾。如若变直宾，be done后加to(或for)（二） 固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词。Children should _.A. take good care of B. be taken good care C.be taken good care of（三）感官动词及使役动词在接省to不定式的句子中，若要变成

13、被动语态，to要还原。主动形式被动形式seehear sb. do sth.be seenheard to do sth.seehear sb. doing sth.be seenheard doing sth.make sb. do sth.be made to do sth.1、 He makes the girl stay at the theater.（改为被动语态） They were that theater last Sunday.（4）下列动词没有被动语态(用主动词语态表被动意思）： 1. be worthdoing值得做 例如： The novel is worth read

14、ing again. The film is worth seeing. 2. need（want require）+ doing等于need（want require）+to be done 需要做例如： My watch needs repairing（to be repaired）. The t, wont等连用的不及物动词，如move, lock, shut, open等，常用主动结构表被动含义, 例如： It cant move. The door wont shut. The window wont open. 4.某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut等，且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动含义。 例如： This kind of book