ggplot2代码文档.docx

1、ggplot2代码文档附录代码library(ggplot2)library(gtable)library(grid) # 需要 editGrob() 函数p - qplot(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, colour = cyl, main = Title text)p# 修改图形元件：图形题目字体改为斜体红色g - ggplotGrob(p)idx - which(g$layout$name = title)g$grobsidx - editGrob(g$grobsidx, gp = gpar(fontface = italic, col = red)# 重新绘制grid

2、.draw(g)第一章代码：第二章代码：library(ggplot2)# 图2.1 无代码# 章节2.2set.seed(1410) # 让样本可重复dsmall - diamondssample(nrow(diamonds), 100), # 章节2.3qplot(carat, price, data = diamonds)# 章节2.3qplot(log(carat), log(price), data = diamonds)# 章节2.3qplot(carat, x * y * z, data = diamonds)# 图2.2 将 color 变量映射到点的颜色 (左)，cut 变量

3、映射到点的形状 (右)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, colour = color)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, shape = cut)# 图2.3 将 alpha 值从 1/10(左) 变动到 1/100(中) 再到# 1/200(右)，来看大部分的点在哪里 进行重叠。qplot(carat, price, data = diamonds, alpha = I(1/10)qplot(carat, price, data = diamonds, alpha = I(1/100)qplot(carat, price,

4、 data = diamonds, alpha = I(1/200)# 图2.4# 重量与价格的散点图中加入了平滑曲线。左图为dsmall数据集，右图为完整数据集。qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth)qplot(carat, price, data = diamonds, geom = c(point, smooth)# 图2.5 span 参数的作用。左图是 span=0.2，右图是 span=1。qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth)

5、, span = 0.2)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth), span = 1)# 图2.6 在运用广义可加模型作为平滑器时 formula 参数的作用。左图是# formula=ys( x)，右图是 formula=ys(x,bs=cs)。library(mgcv)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth), method = gam, formula = y s(x)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall,

6、 geom = c(point, smooth), method = gam, formula = y s(x, bs = cs)# 图2.7 在运用线性模型作为平滑器时 formula 参数的作用。左图是 formula =# y x 的默认值， 右图是 formula = y ns(x, 5)。library(splines)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth), method = lm)qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c(point, smooth), me

7、thod = lm, formula = y ns(x, 5)# 图2.8 (书中无代码)# 利用扰动点图(左)和箱线图(右)来考察以颜色为条件的每克拉价格的分布。# 随着颜色的改变(从左到右)，每克拉价格的跨度逐渐减小，但分布的中位数没有明显的变化。qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = jitter)qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = boxplot)# 图2.9 改变 alpha 的取值，从左到右分别为 1/5，1/50 和# 1/200。随着不透明度的降低，# 我

8、们可以看出数据集中的地方。然而，箱线图依然是一个更好的选择。qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = jitter, alpha = I(1/5)qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = jitter, alpha = I(1/50)qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = jitter, alpha = I(1/200)# 图2.10 展示钻石重量的分布。左图使用的是 geom=histogram 右图使用的是# geo

9、m= density。qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = histogram)qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = density)# 图2.11 变动直方图的组距可以显示出有意思的模式。从左到右，组距分别为# 1，0.1 和 0.01。只有重量在 0 到 3 克拉之间的钻石显示在图中。qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = histogram, binwidth = 1, xlim = c(0, 3)qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = histog

10、ram, binwidth = 0.1, xlim = c(0, 3)qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = histogram, binwidth = 0.01, xlim = c(0, 3)# 图2.12# 当一个分类变量被映射到某个图形属性上，几何对象会自动按这个变量进行拆分。# 左图是重叠的密度曲线图，右图是堆叠起来的直方图。qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = density, colour = color)qplot(carat, data = diamonds, geom = histogram, fill =

11、 color)# 图2.13 钻石颜色的条形图。左图显示的是分组的计数，右图是按 weight=carat# 进行加 权，展示了每种颜色的钻石的总重量。qplot(color, data = diamonds, geom = bar)qplot(color, data = diamonds, geom = bar, weight = carat) + scale_y_continuous(carat)# 图2.14# 衡量失业程度的两张时序图。左图是失业人口的比例，右图是失业星期数的中位# 数。图形是用 geom=line 进行绘制的。qplot(date, unemploy/pop, dat

12、a = economics, geom = line)qplot(date, uempmed, data = economics, geom = line)# 图2.15# 展示失业率和失业时间长度之间关系的路径图。左图是重叠在一起的的散点图和路# 径图，右图只有路径图，其中年份用颜色进行了展示。year - function(x) as.POSIXlt(x)$year + 1900qplot(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data = economics, geom = c(point, path)qplot(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data = eco

13、nomics, geom = path, colour = year(date)# 图2.16# 展示以颜色为条件的重量的直方图。左图展示的是频数，右图展示的是频率。频率# 图可以使得比较不同组的分布时不会受该组样本量大小的影响。高质量的钻石# (颜色 D) 在小# 尺寸上的分布是偏斜的，而随着质量的下降，重量的分布会变得越来越平坦。qplot(carat, data = diamonds, facets = color ., geom = histogram, binwidth = 0.1, xlim = c(0, 3)qplot(carat, .density., data = diamo

14、nds, facets = color ., geom = histogram, binwidth = 0.1, xlim = c(0, 3)# 章节2.7qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, xlab = Price ($), ylab = Weight (carats), main = Price-weight relationship)# 章节2.7qplot(carat, price/carat, data = dsmall, ylab = expression(frac(price, carat), xlab = Weight (carats), main = Small diamonds, xlim = c(0.2, 1)# 章节2.7qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, log = xy)第三章代码：library(ggplot2)# 图3.1 发动机排量(以升为单位 displ)对高速公路耗油量(英里每加仑# hwy)散点图。点# 根据汽缸数目着色。该图可以发现影响燃油经济性最重要的因素：发动机排量大# 小。q