建筑工程常用术语大全.docx

1、建筑工程常用术语大全国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇 access 交通agreement 同意、协议 allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准 arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行 assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托 Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表 civil works 土建工程 claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理 conditions of contract 合同条件general condit

2、ions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件 special conditions of contract 特别条件 Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理 consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议 Contractor 承包商 cooperation 合作 coordination 协作 cost 费用cost control 成本控制

3、 counterclaim 反索赔 demobilization 退场 department 部门 Designer 设计者 drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图 design drawing 设计图 as-built drawing 竣工图 blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图 construction drawing 施工图 electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主 Engineer 工程师Engineers representative 工程师代表 engineering projec

4、t 工程项目 international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程 domestic project 国内工程 equipment 设备 expatriate 外籍职员 expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会 formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程 import 进口in charge of 负责、主管 informal 非正式的 Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会

5、instrument 仪器、器械 insurance 保险 labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务 lump sump 总包 machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源 Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施 measurement 测量、计量 memorandum 备忘录 mobilization 进场 o

6、bjection 反对 payment 支付 plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见 prequalification 资格预审 procurement 采购 profit 利润progress control 进度控制 project manager 项目经理 quality control 质量控制 request(application) 申请、请求 review 审查 risk 风险river closure 截流 river diversion 导流 safety 安全第1/39页signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer

7、 现场工程师 specification 规格、规范 staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商 submission 提交supervise 监督、监视 Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更 World Bank 世界银行 二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类开挖与支护（Excavation and Support) 明挖（Open Excavation ) bench excavation 台阶开挖 concrete excavation 砼开挖

8、fault excavation 断层开挖 foundation excavation 基础开挖 local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖 protective layer excavation 保护层开挖 rock excavation 岩石开挖 slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖 soil excavation 土方开挖 structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavati

9、on 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数 cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水 excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度 overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖 pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个

10、开挖循环 adit 支洞 advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度 breaking hole 崩落孔 cushion hole 缓冲孔 drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽 center drift 中心掏槽 side drift 边部掏槽 top drift 顶部掏槽 drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率 easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench e

11、xcavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣 loading (charging) 装药 perimeter hole 周边孔 pilot tunnel 导洞 removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水 shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮 top heading excavation 上导洞开挖 ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole dept

12、h 平均孔深 average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果 blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破 data of explosive filled 装药参数 data of holes drilled 钻孔参数 delayed blasting 延时爆破 exploratory hole 探孔 explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量 handling misfire 处理

13、哑炮 light charge 少量装药 loosening blasting 松动爆破 pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距 distance between rows 排距 post shearing blasting 微差爆破 prespliting blasting 预裂爆破第2/39页quantity of holes 孔数 smooth blasting 光面爆破 延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆 feature rock anchor 随机锚索 feature rock b

14、olt 随机张拉锚杆 feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆 feature rock reinforcement 随机加固 lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁 pattern cement grouted rock dowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel 系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆 pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固 permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock

15、 anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索 rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆 return rock reinforcement 回头加固 shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼 steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼 steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填 blen

16、d 混合 compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水 cut the slope 削坡 dump 卸料 exploit 开采 level 整平 load 装料moisture condition 水分调节 place and spread 摊铺 remove 清除 replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工 scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗 take a sample 取样test 测试 transport 运输 treat 处理 trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium pa

17、rticles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差 dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压 lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料 pocket 囊穴 seepage 渗流 separation 分离 shear area 剪力区 lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面 byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数 fill placement record 填筑记录 frog

18、 area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼 plastic concrete 塑料砼 fibrous concrete 纤维砼 first stage concrete 一期砼 foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼 high

19、-strength concrete 高强砼 intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼 mass concrete 大体积砼 non-fines concrete 无砂砼 non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼 non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼 normal concrete 常态砼 plain concrete 素砼第3/39页porous concrete 多孔砼 prestressed concrete 预应力砼 pu

20、mp concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼 second stage concrete 二期砼 作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理 concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑 curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护 moist curing 湿润养护 normal curing 标准养护 steam curing 蒸汽养护 repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/rou

21、ghening) 凿毛 greencutting 冲毛 surface finishing 收面 vibrating 振捣 缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面 cavity 狗洞 cold joint 冷缝 crack 裂缝deformation 变形 depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼 formwork shifting(moving) 跑模 grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振 irregularity 不规则segreg

22、ation(bleeding) 离析 stair(staggered joint) 错台 tie rod hole 拉杆孔 water leakage 漏水 water seepage 渗水 外加剂（Admixture） accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂 coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂） fluidizer 塑化剂 retarding agent 缓凝

23、剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂 super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂 surface-active agent 表面活性剂 water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂 retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂 waterproof agent 防水剂 指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度 compressive stress 压应力 concrete class 砼等级 final strength 终凝强度 gradu

24、ation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线 impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性 shear strength 抗剪强度 slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重 stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性 strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度 tensile strength 抗拉强度 tensile stress 拉应力 thermal s

25、tress 温度应力 water-cement ratio 水灰比 working stress 工作应力 其他（Others） acceptance 验收 age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料 coarse aggregate 粗骨料 air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法 apply 应用、施加 bending moment 弯矩 block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度 calibration 标定 cement anchor 锚固卷 concrete plug 砼塞conc

26、rete precast element 砼预制件 concrete release sheet 发料单第4/39页上面已看！construction joint 施工缝 contamination /pollution 污染 conversion(reconstruction) 改建 coverage 覆盖范围 curing agent 养护剂 delivery sheet 运料单 direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面 existing 现有（存）的 expansion joint 伸缩缝 f

27、acilitate 使容易（便利） gabion 纤丝笼 humidity 湿度 identity 识别、标记 ingredient 成分、配料 inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验 final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查 intact 完整的、未被触动的 inter-tower joint 塔间缝 introduce into 将穿入isolate 隔离 laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求 moment o

28、f inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔 post-cooling 后冷却 post tensioning 后张拉 pre-cooling 预冷却 pre-stressing 预应力 pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层 remark 备注section area 截面面积 shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产 shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产 simpl

29、ify 简化simultaneously 同时地 spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中 symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制 temperature difference 温差 temperature rise(gain) 温度升高 theoretical elongation 理论延长量 unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水 rubber water stop 橡皮止水 copper water stop 铜止水

30、 watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模 Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂 climbing cone 爬升锥 dam bracket 大坝支架 distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板 flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油 pigtail anch

31、or 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板 shearkey box 键槽盒 sliding formwork 滑模 steel form carrier 钢模台车 steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑 stopend 堵头、封堵模板 temporary formwork 临时模板 tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板 wood formwork 木模钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar） distributio

32、n bar 分布筋 dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋 lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋 overlap 搭接 shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接 starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦 stirrup 箍筋 support bar 架立筋 vertical bar 竖直筋灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆 contact grouting 接触灌浆 curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆 gap grouting 接缝灌浆 gravity grouting 自重灌浆 jet groutin