1、人教版中考英语专项训练 定语从句技巧全解及练习题含答案人教版中考英语专项训练 必备英语定语从句技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、定语从句1Kids, I hope youll remember the good old days_we spent together in junior high though its time to say goodbye.Awho Bwhat Cwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:孩子们,虽然到了说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么,不能引导定语从句
2、;which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词是the good old days,从句中spent后缺少宾语,应用关系代词which引导,故应选C。2 The dog _ played with you just now is _.Awhich; mine Bwhich; myCwhat; mine Dwhat; my【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语
3、,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。3 Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? Im not sure. Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people?Awhere BwhatCthat Dwhen【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:-学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? -我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗?where作定语从句的地点状语;when充当定语从句中时间状语;what
4、充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句,这个定语从句中缺少主语,故用代词that来充当。故选C。4 My grandparents like stories _ have happy endings.Athey BwhoCwhich D/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,需用关系代词that或which,引导词同时做从句的主语,根据句意结构,故选C。5Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.Awho B
5、which Cwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero,指人,在从句中作主语,故选A。【点睛】做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。6Ill never forget the story _.Athat cheers me up Bwho cheers me up Cwhat cheers me up【答案】A【解析】【详解
6、】句意:我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来;who cheers me up使我振作起来的人;what cheers me up使我振作起来的。根据句子结构可知,该空应该是一个定语从句,修饰空前的名词the story,指物,故B不对,who引导的定语从句,先行词应该是人;C选项中what不能引导定语从句,也不对。故应选A。7This is the book tells many English stories.Awhat Bwhich Cwho【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book,
7、故排除what和who,此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。故选B。【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。8-How do you like the Sun Island?Is it worth visiting? -Sure. Its one of the best places I have ever been to.Awhich Bthat Cwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:-你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?-当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时,
8、只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词(that/who/whom/which/whose)和关系副词(when/where/why)。引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that引导定语从句。(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个
9、以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是all的,用that.(all that=what).(that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything, thing等不定代词时,用that。5.当先行词前有all, much, little, many, (a) few, every, some, any, no, only, the very, one of, the only, the last, the next等修饰语时。(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用
10、that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that。9Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?Awho Bit Cwhom Dwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词who(作主语),whom(作宾语),that;先行词指事物时,用关系词that/which。本题中,先行词the man指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who ,故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。10-1 like to live in a room _ is big a
11、nd bright.Athat Bwhere Chow【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:我想住一个又大又明亮的房间。that那;where哪里;how怎么。先行词room在定语从句中作主语,可用关系代词that代替,所以选A。考点:考查定语从句。11 - In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.- And another example is F2F_ stands for face to face.Athat Bwho Cwhom Dit【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:在短信中,88的意思是再见。在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做
12、下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that,选A。考点:考查定语从句12I will never forget the fire _ happened in Shanghai last year.Awhen BwhereCwhat Dwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点:考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析:句意:我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物,故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句;when先行词是时间;where先行词是地点;根据题意,故选D。13-Have you found the information about the famo
13、us people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.Awho Bwhat Cwhom Dwhich【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。14Shirley is the girl _ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).Awhom Bwhich Cwho【答案】C【解
14、析】句意:雪莉是教会我如何使用微信的一个女孩。whom修饰人,在定语从句中作宾语或表语;which修饰事物,在定语从句中主语或宾语,或表语。who修饰人,在定语从句作主语,宾语或表语。此处作为定语从句的主语,修饰the girl,故用who。故选C。15The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.Awho is singing Bis singing Csang Dwas singing【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这里使用了定语从句,先行词是the girl,定语从句中缺少主
15、语,用who或that引导定语从句,故选A。16-Do you know the man _ is reading the book over there?- Yes, he is Mr. Green, our P.E. teacher.Awhich Bwhat Cwhom Dwho【答案】D【解析】who代指the man引导定语从句。整句理解:你认识那边读书的那个男士吗?是的。他是我们的体育老师,Mr Green.所以选D.17Is that all?Yes. Thats all _ I want to take.Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhose【答案】B【解析】试题分析:
16、句意:-就这些?-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个;that那;who谁;whose谁的。先行词all在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词that代替。所以选B。【考点定位】考查关系代词。18 Id like to tell you about the table manners _ you should know when you visit Korea.Awhich BwhoCwhat Dhow【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。Which哪一个;who 谁;what 什么;how怎么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作表语,可用
17、关系代词which代替。所以选A。考点:考查定语从句。19The first thing_ I did on Mothers Day was to make breakfast for her.Awho Bwhere Cwhose Dthat【答案】D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mothers Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,
18、who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。20Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of some famous singers _ I can use in my speech.A
19、what Bwhich Cwho Dwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。21-What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting? -Of course. Its one of the best places I have ever been to.Awhich Bthat Cwho【答案】B【解析】句意:你认为Sun Island怎样?它值
20、得参观吗?当然,它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时,关系词用that。故选B22This photo reminds me the things and persons we met at college.Aof; that Babout; whichCto; / Don; what【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:这张相片使我想起了我在大学时遇到过的人和事。前空是固定结构:remind sb. of使某人想起;提醒某人;后面的the things and persons是先行词,后面跟的是定语从句,先行词在定语从句中作宾语,用关系代词,既有人,也有
21、物时,关系词用that。故选A。考点:考查定语从句。23The old man came into the room with a little boy_was carrying a big bag.Awho Bwhich Cwhom Dwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:那位老人带着一个拿大袋子的小孩走进了房间。从题干分析此题是考查定语从句,先行词是人,并在从句中作主语,所以关系词要用who,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法24Ill never forget the important people in my life _ helped and supported me.Awho
22、 Bwhat Cwhich Dwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰先行词people的定语从句,缺少主语,故用代词who。故选A。25(河南省2015年中考英语试题)Why dont you like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but Im not patient at all.Awho Bthat Cit Dwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心,但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁;that那;it它;wha
23、t什么。先行词a hobby是物,在定语从句中作主语, 可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句,结合选项可知选B。26Have you seen the watch my uncle gave me as my birthday present last year?Sorry, I havent.Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:你看过我叔叔去年作为我的生日礼物送给我的手表吗?对不起,我没有。此句是定语从句,先行词是watch,指物,引导词为which/that,故答案为B。27一Please tell me something about Yan
24、g Liwei.一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proudAthat Bwhose Cwho Dwhom【答案】D【解析】句意:请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。be proud of为-感到自豪;这是一个定语从句,介词of后面应用宾格,故选D28- What do you think of him?- I hate people _ talk much but do little.Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dwhose【答案】A【解析】本题修饰名词people是一个定语从句,先行词是人
25、,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系词可用who,故本题选A。29The first thing _ I have to do now is to keep healthy.Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhom【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从
26、句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which :先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时, 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的用法。30 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .Athat Bwhose Cwhere DHow【答案】A【解析
27、】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个;B. Whose谁的;C. Where在哪;D. How怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。考点:考查定语从句31Why dont you like fishing?Fishing is a hobby_needs much patience,but Im not patient at all.Athat Bwho Cwhom DWhere【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从
28、句。先行词 hobby (爱好) 指事物,关系代词应用that或which.故选A项。考点:考查定语从句的用法32 What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong? Oh, I think it the best park I have ever visited in China.Awhich Bthat Cwhere DWhen【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意为:-你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样?-噢,我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知,这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常,定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容
29、词修饰时,引导词常用that。结合选项可知应选B。考点:考查定语从句的引导词。33The woman is the most important in my life is my mother.Awhich BwhoCwhom Dwhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我的人生中最重要的女性是我的妈妈。该句是一个限制性定语从句,先行词在句子中做主语,而且是人,所以用who来引导。故选B【考点定位】考查定语从句34_ wants to go to the park this weekend, raise your hands, please.AAnyone who BThose who CAn
30、yone DWho【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:这个周末想去公园的人请举手。此句考查定语从句。先行词是anyone定语从句中缺少主语,用who引导定语从句,B项错在因为先行词是those,who引导的定语从句中应该是复数谓语,C项缺少关系代词who,D项who只能表示疑问,“谁”,不符合句意:选A。考点:考查定语从句。35Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only 49% of adults in the US _ visited a public library last year.Awho Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich【答案】A【解析】句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词adults,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词who,故选A
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