matlabGUI设计简易科学计算器.docx

1、matlabGUI设计简易科学计算器MATLAB大作业班级：姓名：学号：计算器题目本题目通过MATLAB的gui程序设计较为简单，在gui设计中主要用到三种控件，文本编辑框（edit text），静态文本框（Static text），命令按钮（push button）。然后在通过各个按钮的回调函数，实现简单的计算功能。1、功能介绍(1)具有友好的用户图形界面。实现十进制数的加、减、乘、除、乘方、开方等简单计算。(2)具有科学计算函数，包括(反)正弦、(反)余弦、(反)正切、(反)余切、开方、指数等函数运行。（注：三角函数计算的是弧度而不是角度）。(3)有清除键，能清除操作。2、功能实现程序由两

2、个部分组成：MATLAB代码（.m文件）和GUI图形（.fig）。程序使用的流程：直接利用图形界面中的按键键入所需数值、运算符等即可得出结果。备注：软件版本：MATLAB 2011b首先用MATLAB GUI功能，在绘制一个静态文本框和一个文本编辑框，以及33个命令按钮，调整好各控件大小、颜色，整体布局如图所示：（附录中有相关属性修改介绍）然后通过双击各个按钮来改写其属性，在m文件中编写其回调函数，最后在运行调试。2.1 各功能界面设计GUI设计界面：注：底部边框用（Panel）工具添加，有两种设计顺序。（1、先加底部边框，再在底部边框上画功能键。2、先画功能键，布好局，画底框，全选功能键拖动

3、到底框上。）2.2 各功能模块实现（可根据需要增减功能键）算法设计：1. 数字键设计：09以及小数点函数都一样，只是参数不同：例如：按键1响应：global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String);if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,1) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,1);set(handles.text1,String,textString)endjj=0;2. 四则运算函数：+功能响应：textString = get(ha

4、ndles.text1,String);textString =strcat(textString,+);set(handles.text1,String,textString)-功能响应：textString = get(handles.text1,String);textString =strcat(textString,-);set(handles.text1,String,textString)功能响应：textString = get(handles.text1,String);textString =strcat(textString,*);set(handles.text1,St

5、ring,textString)功能响应：textString = get(handles.text1,String);textString =strcat(textString,/);set(handles.text1,String,textString)3. 科学计算函数：例如：sin功能响应：textString = get(handles.text1,String);if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)set(handles.text1,String,0.) ;elsea = strread(textString, %f);a=sin(a);set(handles.t

6、ext1,String,a)end4. 退格键(DEL)：通过取屏幕值，计算出其字符长度，然后取其前N-1项的值来实现退格：global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String);if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0)set(handles.text1,String,0.) ;elsess=char(textString);l=length(textString);textString=ss(1:l-1);set(handles.text1,String,textString)endjj=0;5. 清屏键函数(AC)：set

7、(handles.text1,String,0.) ;2.3 各模块程序添加方法选中一个需添加程序的功能键，右击，View Callbacks，Callback，出现如下图所示界面。（红色框中为所需添加的程序）其他功能键添加方法类似。2.4 各模块实现结果（1）数字键：（2）四则运算函数:（3）科学计算函数：Cos0的计算结果：arctan2的计算结果：经过计算，这些结果均与实际结果相吻合，计算器的功能实现的较为完好。3、程序总结：（1）小数点可以连续输入。解决方法是：用strfind函数查看文本框里有几个小数点，如果已经有一个了，再按小数点就保持不变。（2）按过运算符号后一个数不等于一个数，

8、比如：输入1，按等号，会出来一个3，经过长时间分析得知，这是由于在按运算符号时，系统记录了文本框里的数但没有清空，才会出现这种问题。解决方法是再申请一个不同于加减乘除的另一个符号，并将按过运算符后记录的数值置0。4、心得体会：通过本次的MATLAB课程设计，让我对MATLAB尤其是其GUI设计的功能有了进一步的了解，认识到了它功能的强大。在MATLAB简单计算器的设计中，了解了关于MATLAB图形用户界面的部分控件的使用方法；利用MATLAB的GUI提供的很多实用的控件，方便用于设计属于自己的图形界面和自己所需要实现的功能。5、附录：（1）功能块属性修改表（双击功能块可进入）（2）主要程序fu

9、nction varargout = untitled(varargin)%UNTITLED M- untitled.fig% UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% UNTITLED(Property,Value,.) creates a new UNTITLED using the%

10、given property value pairs. Unrecognized properties are passed via% varargin to untitled_OpeningFcn. This calling syntax produces a% warning when there is an existing singleton*.% UNTITLED(CALLBACK) and UNTITLED(CALLBACK,hObject,.) call the% local function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED.M with the given

11、 input% arguments.% *See GUI Options on GUIDEs Tools menu. Choose GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton).% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 19-Dec-2013 11:25:45 % Begin initialization code - DO

12、NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct(gui_Name, m, . gui_Singleton, gui_Singleton, . gui_OpeningFcn, untitled_OpeningFcn, . gui_OutputFcn, untitled_OutputFcn, . gui_LayoutFcn, , . gui_Callback, );if nargin & ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);end if nargout varargo

13、ut1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT % - Executes just before untitled is made visible.function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% h

14、Object handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin unrecognized PropertyName/PropertyValue pairs from the% command line (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output for untitledhandles

15、.output = hObject; % Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);global jj ;set(handles.text1,String,0.);jj=0; % - Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = untitled_O

16、utputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default command line output from handle

17、s structurevarargout1 = handles.output; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (se

18、e GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,1) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,1);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata,

19、handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,2) ;elsetextStr

20、ing =strcat(textString,2);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structur

21、e with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,3) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,3);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pushbutto

22、n4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(hand

23、les.text1,String,4) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,4);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future ver

24、sion of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,5) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,5);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press i

25、n pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(t

26、extString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,6) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,6);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved

27、 - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,7) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,7);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0

28、; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(ha

29、ndles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,8) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,8);set(handles.text1,String,textString) endjj=0; % - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton

30、9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global jjtextString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)&(jj=0) set(handles.text1,String,9) ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,9);set(handles.text