版一轮优化探究英语练习必修五 Unit 15 Learning含答案.docx

1、版一轮优化探究英语练习必修五 Unit 15 Learning含答案模块达标检测(五)限时：100分钟.阅读理解AIn between running one of the worlds largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsofts technology advisor，Bill Gates manages to find time to read books，both long and short.Now Gateswho has been labeled a “greedy” readerhas released a list o

2、f his favorite books.All of the books are standout reads，according to the billionaire，most of which are focused on business and economy.Here are Bills top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)Business Adventures，by John BrooksBrooks collection was published in 1969 and remains one

3、of Gates favorites.He reread it again this year，labeling it the best business book he has ever read.“Shortly after we met，Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s.I loved them as much as he did.Brooks insights(洞察力) into business have ag

4、ed beautifully，and they are as true today as ever.”Capital in the TwentyFirst Century，by Thomas PikettyPikettys novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year.Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfict

5、ion work to discuss the topic.“As I told him，although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions，I agree with his most important conclusions：inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”How Asia Works，by Joe StudwellStudwells wor

6、k，which was published in May 2014，addresses how countries such as Japan，South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth，and why other countries have failed to do the same.“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful.It provided ample food for thought for me as well as

7、 the whole Agriculture team at our foundation.And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization，by Vaclav SmilSmils books are a constant favorite of the Microsofts founderone of his books makes Gates list almos

8、t every year.“Making the Modern World” came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials，from silicon to wood and plastic.“If anyone tries to tell you were using fewer materials，send him this book.With his usual skepticism and his love of data，Smil shows how our ability to make things w

9、ith fewer materialssay，soda cans that need less aluminummakes them cheaper，which actually encourages more production.”语篇解读本文介绍了比尔盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。1The books mentioned in the text are all about _.Acharity in the worldBbusiness and economyCpoverty in the worldDBill Gates life experience解析：细节理解题。根据第一

10、段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads，according to the billionaire，most of which are focused on business and economy”可知，比尔盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。答案：B2Of the books，_ is best praised by Bill Gates.AHow Asia WorksBCapital in the TwentyFirst CenturyCBusiness AdventuresDMaking the Moder

11、n World：Materials and Dematerialization解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“He reread it again this year，labeling it the best business book he has ever read”可知，Business Adventures这本书是最受比尔盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。答案：C3Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of _.ACapital in the TwentyFirst CenturyBBusiness AdventuresC

12、How Asia WorksDMaking the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic”可知，比尔盖茨和Capital in the TwentyFirst Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。答案：A4In How Asia Works，the author analyses _.Aw

13、hy African agriculture cannot develop fastBhow they can apply Asian economic model in African countriesCwhy Asia is slow in agricultural developmentDhow some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy解析：细节理解题。根据第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan，South Korea and China have continued to ac

14、hieve high growth”可知，How Asia Works主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。答案：DBDid you know that an oryx is an African antelope with straight horns? Did you know that an arete is a mountain ridge formed by glaciers? If you happen to be a person who likes crossword puzzles，you will probably run into th

15、ese words and many more that are just as unusual.If not，then you may never see them again.I knew from an early age that I wanted to be a writer，and I loved to solve crossword puzzles.Perhaps it was inevitable(必然的) that I would begin writing my own puzzles.My original plan was to write novels and win

16、 the Nobel Prize for literature，but the first things I ever got published were crossword puzzles.Constructing crossword puzzles is not as difficult as it seems，but it does take a lot of time.First，you have to think of an idea，or theme，for the puzzle.For example，you might decide that the puzzle will

17、focus on the names of states，and then you build a diagram.Once you have the diagram and the theme words，then you fill in the rest of the words in the puzzle.Since all the words must fit together across and down，you really need to know some unusual words.For example，lets say you need a fiveletter wor

18、d，and you know the middle letters have to be aia.The word could be naiad，which is the name for a female spirit in Ancient Greek stories.How often do you think you would see that word? When the words have all been filled in，then you number the squares in the diagram and write a clue(线索) for each word

19、.After several years of writing crossword puzzles，I finally did start writing novels and stories.But crosswords got me started，and they taught me a vast number of words that I may never see again.As for the Nobel Prize? Well，I did use the word Nobel several times in crossword puzzles.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。钟爱

20、设计字谜的作者通过字谜积累了大量词汇并逐渐开始写作。5The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to _.Athe words that are rarely usedBthe words that are hard to rememberCthe puzzles that are newly designedDthe puzzles that are difficult to solve解析：篇章结构题。由划线词前的you may never see可知，them指那些很少使用的词汇。答案：A6What does th

21、e author think of constructing crossword puzzles?AIts extremely hard. BIts timeconsuming.CIts quite popular. DIts fairly easy.解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的Constructing crossword puzzles is not as difficult as it seems，but it does take a lot of time可知，设计字谜很耗时。答案：B7Whats the correct order of designing a crossword p

22、uzzle?ADecide on a subjectMake a drawingThink of the wordsGive cluesMark the numberBMake a drawingDecide on a subjectMark the numberThink of the wordsGive cluesCDecide on a subjectMake a drawingThink of the wordsMark the numberGive cluesDMake a drawingDecide on a subjectGive cluesThink of the wordsM

23、ark the number解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的First，you have to think of an idea，or theme，for the puzzle与then you build a diagram及第四段中的then you fill in the rest of the words in the puzzle与then you number the squares in the diagram and write a clue for each word可知，C项正确。答案：C8How do you find the author from the last se

24、ntence in the text?AStubborn. BOptimistic.CHumorous. DDisappointed.解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的My original plan was to write novels and win the Nobel Prize for literature及最后一句As for the Nobel Prize？Well， I did use the word Nobel several times in crossword puzzles可知，作者是一个很幽默的人。答案：CCA new study by the British gove

25、rnment has discovered the mental health of the countrys teenage girls has become worse.The survey，which included 30,000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014，showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress，up from 34 percent in 2005.British boys stress level was actually seen to fall over the sam

26、e time period，from 17 percent to 15 percent.The reports authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive(认知的) and emotional development，” Pam Ram

27、sden，a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom，wrote in a recent blog post.“Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent (有能力的) adults.In the past，they would engage with parents，teachers and other adults in their community as well as ext

28、ended family members and friends.Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence，girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol.Since teenage brains have not completely developed，teens dont have the cognitive awareness

29、 and impulse (冲动) control to keep from posting inappropriate content.Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance，Ramsden said.These sites are often filled with images of people with bo

30、dy type unattainable to the normal person.However，these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.语篇解读一项新研究发现，英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。9The statistics in the second paragraph show that _.Amore and more children in Britain have mental health pr

31、oblemsBfew girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005Cmore boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure nowDmore British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国少女有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的

32、15%。据此可以判断，英国少女有心理压力的比少年多，故D项正确。答案：D10Contrary to traditional ways of interaction，social media _.Ahelps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and selfcontrolBhas many negative effects on girls characteristic developmentCmakes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate contentDteaches girls to care about their