考研英语答案.docx

1、考研英语答案2009考研英语答案【篇一：2009年考研英语真题及详解】p class=txtsection use of english directions: read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a,b,c or d on answer sheet 1.(10 points) research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are _ the fruit-fly

2、 experiments described in carl zimmers piece in the science times on tuesday. fruit files who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly _ to live shorter lives. this suggests that _ bulbs bum longer, that there is an _ in not being too terrifically bright. intelligence, it _ out, is a hig

3、h-priced option. it takes more upkeep. bums more fuel and is slow _ the starting line because it depends on learning a gradual _ - instead of instinct. plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to _. is there an adaptive value to _ intelligenc

4、e? thats the question behind this new research. i like it. instead of casting a wistful glance _ at all the species weve left in the dust i.q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real _ of our own intelligence might be. this is _ the mind of every animal ive ever met. research on animal intelligence a

5、lso makes me wonder what experiments animals would _ on humans if they had the chance. every cat with an owner, _ , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that _ animals ran the labs, they would test us to _ the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for ter

6、rain, they would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really _, not merely how much of it there is. _. they would hope to study a _ question; are humans actually aware of the world they live in?_ the result are inconclusive. 1. asuppose bconsider cobserve dimagine 2. atendedbfeared chappened

7、 dthreatened 3. a thinner bstabler clighterddimmer 4. atendency badvantage cinclinationdpriority 5. ainsists on bsums up cturns out dputs forward 6. aoffbbehindcoverdalong 7. aincrediblebspontaneous cinevitable dgradual 8. afight bdoubt cstopdthink 9. ainvisible blimit cindefinite ddifferent 10. aup

8、ward bforward cafterward dbackward 11afeaturesbinfluencescresultsdcosts 12aoutsideboncbydacross 13adeliverbcarrycperformdapply 14aby chanceb in contrastcas usualdfor instance 15aifbunlesscasdlest 16amoderatebovercomecdeterminedreach 17aatbforcafterdwith 18aabove allbafter allchoweverdotherwise 19afu

9、ndamentalbcomprehensivecequivalentdhostile 20aby accidentbin timecso fardbetter stillsection reading comprehension part a directions: read the following four texts, answer the questions below each text by choosing a,b,c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points) text1 habit are a funny t

10、hing. we reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. not choice, but habit rules the ueflecting herd, william wordsworth said in the 19th century. in the ever-changing 21st century, even the word habit carries a negative

11、connotation. so it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought on

12、to new, innovative tracks. all of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware, she says, researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways; analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively.

13、 at puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. the current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our inn

14、ovative and collaborative modes of thought .this breaks the major rule in the american belief system that anyone can do anything, explains m.j. ryan, author of the 2006 book this year i will and ms. markovas business partner. thats a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness knowing wh

15、at youre good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. this is where developing new habits comes in. 21. the view of wordsworth habit is claimed by being_. a. usual b. familiar c. mechanical d. changeable 22. the researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be_. a. predicted b

16、. regulated c. traced d. guided 23. ruts (in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to_. a. tracks b. series c. characteristics d. connections 24. ms, markovas comments suggest that the practice of standard testing _? a. prevents new habits form being formed b. no longer emphasizes commonness c.

17、 maintains the inherent american thinking mode d. complies with the american belief system 25. ryn most probably agree that_. a. ideas are born of a relaxing mind b. innovativeness could be taught c. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas d. curiosity activates creative minds text 2 it is a wise

18、father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom or at least confirm that hes the kids dad. all he needs to do is shell our $30 forpaternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore and another $120 to get the results. more than 60,000 people have purchased t

19、he ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to doug fog, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more th

20、an $2500. among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing. which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists- and supports businesses that offer to search for a familys geographic roots. most tests require collecting cells by webb

21、ing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing, all tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare dna. but some observers are skeptical, there is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing. says trey duster, a new york univ

22、ersity sociologist. he notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the y chromosome inherited through men in a fathers line or mitochondrial dna, which a passed down only from mot

23、hers, this dna can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents. critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only

24、as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. databases used by some companies dont rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. this means that a dna database may differ depending on the company that processes the

25、 results. in addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation. 26. in paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows ptks _. aeasy availability bflexibility in pricing csuccessful promotion dpopularity with households 2

26、7. ptk is used to _. a locate ones birth place bpromote genetic research cidentify parent-child kinship dchoose children for adoption 28. skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to _. atrace distant ancestors brebuild reliable bloodlines cfully use genetic information dachieve the cl

27、aimed accuracy 29. in the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is _. a disorganized data collection boverlapping database building 30. an appropriate title for the text is most likely to be _. a fors and againsts of dna testingb dna testing and its problems cdna testing outside

28、 the lab d lies behind dna testing text 3 the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all

29、 other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. we are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve econo

30、mic performance would require two or three generations. the findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. ironically, the first evidence

31、 for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and japan at its pre-bubble peak. the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor u.s. economic performance. japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda nissan, and toyota achieved about 9