中考英语知识点梳理及操练.docx

1、中考英语知识点梳理及操练初中英语知识点梳理及操练一. 冠词: 冠词用在名词前面，有定冠词“the”与不定冠词“a；an”之分。定冠词表达“确指”，译作“这(那)个”；不定冠词表达“泛指”，译作“一种”。例题解析:( ) _ lady over there is _ university teacher. A) A，the B) The，an C) The，a D) The，the “over there”意为“那边”，是后置定语，它表达前面名词“lady”（女士）是“确指”说法，因而要加上定冠词“the”。后半句意为“一位大学教师”，是泛指说法，因而要加上不定冠词“a”或“an”。由于“uni

2、versity”读音起始于辅音“j”，因而要加定冠词“a”。因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) He prefers playing _ piano to playing _ hockey. A) the，the B) the，/ C) / ，/ D) / ，the “piano”意为“钢琴”，属于乐器，规定前面加定冠词“the”。后半句中“hockey”意为“曲棍球”，属于球类活动，规定不加任何冠词。因此本题答案应当选“B”。( ) Mr. Black was made _ manager of our company. A) / B) a C) an D) the “manager”表达被选

3、职位，前面不应加任何冠词。因此本题答案应当选“A”。 此外，冠词尚有许多特殊用法： 1. 由普通名词构成专有名词前，要加定冠词，如：the Great Wall（长城） 2. 在拼音名词前，普通不加任何冠词，如：Thomas Green；Changfeng Park 3. 在江、河、湖、海前，虽然是拼音名词，也要加定冠词“the”，如：the Dongting Lake 4. 普通用“单数名词加a；复数名词不加the”来表达“泛指”意思。习题训练：Choose the best answer (选取最恰当答案，用A、B、C或D表达，填入空格内):( ) 1. There is _ “u” in

4、 _ word “uniform.”. A) an，a B) an，the C) a，a D) a，the( ) 2. _ sign here stands for _ mistake. A) A，a B) A，the C) The，a D) The，the( ) 3. We made Joyce _ monitor _ her experience. A) a，because B) the，because C) / ，because of D) the ，because of( ) 4.Two months ago Mr. Green wrote _ article on Shanghai

5、International Art Festival. A) the B) an C) a D) / ( ) 5. Q：Is Mr. White _ teacher of your school? A：Yes. _ teacher is from Australia. A) a，A B) a，The C) the，The D) the，A( ) 6. Paul is _ European student. He likes to study _ history of China. A) a，the B) a，/ C) an，the D) an，/( ) 7. This is _ honey.

6、As we all know，_ honey is sweet. A) / ，the B) / ，/ C) the，/ D) the，the( ) 8. They didnt catch the last train because of _. A) some heavy traffics B) any heavy traffic C) heavy traffic D) a heavy traffic( ) 9. It wont take long，its only _ walk.A) ten-minutes B) ten minutes C) ten minutes D) ten-minut

7、es二.名词： 名词表达人或物体名称，有普通名词(park)、专有名词(Peter；Party)、集合名词(family，class，police)、缩写名词(SARS，CEO，WTO)等。总体上说，它们可以提成两大类；即可数名词和不可数名词。要注意它们在句中不同规定和变化。例题解析:( ) His grandfather is _. A) Robert Bob B) Tom Black C) Kate White D) Black Green 英语中，人姓名排列是倒过来；先是名，即“first name”，后为姓，即“second name”，也可叫做“family name”或“surna

8、me”。做此类题目，必要先弄清晰哪个单词是表达名字，哪个单词是表达姓氏，名字还要分清男女性别。这道题中说是“爷爷”，是男名，因此本题答案应当选“B”。( ) _ are playing tennis in the playground. A) The Browns B) The Browns C) Browns D) Browns 英语中，姓氏前加定冠词“the”，背面加“s”，有“一家人”之意。因此本题答案应当选“A”。( ) Be careful. There is a _ hole in the ground. A) two-foot-deep B) two-feet-deep C) t

9、wo-foot deep D) two-feet deep 这道题目考是复合形容词。在复合形容词中名词应当用单数形式，在整个复合形容词中各个单词都要用短横“”来连接。由于它被看作为一种普通形容词，因而，在可数名词前还要再加上冠词。此句中，“一种两英尺深洞”应译为“a two-foot-deep hole”，因此本题答案应当选“A”。( ) Hes got bad toothache. Hed better go to _. A) dentist B) the dentist C) the dentists D) see the dentists “去看牙科医生”可译为“go to see th

10、e dentist”或“go to the dentists”。后一种词语中“the dentists”表达“the dentists clinic”。因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) The _ teachers wondered if the _ students were in trouble. A) woman，boy B) woman，boys C) women，boy D) women，boys 英语中，“女教师们”应当译为“women teachers”，而“男学生们” 应当译为“boy students”。 因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) _ came that Housto

11、n Rocket won again and Yao Ming got the most scores. A) A news B) Message C) Word D) Words “据说”在英语中有各种说法：“It was said that”、“Word came that”、“News came that”、“A message came that”等。因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) All of a sudden，something on the ground caught _. A) his eye B) his eyes C) his own eyes D) eyes of hi

12、s own“catch ones eye”是固定词组，意为“引起某人注意”；即“be noticed by sb.”。此句中，“eye”是“视线”之意，由“eyesight”演变而来。随着语言发展，某些词语会产生演变，大体上都是朝“简朴化”方向发展，如：“countryside”“country”、“mankind”“man”、“campsite”“camp”、“in the daytime”“in the day”等。因此本题答案应当选“A”。( ) The lady with long _ found her husband had already got three gray _. A)

13、 hair，hair B) hair，hairs C) hairs，hair D) hairs，hair 要掌握英语中哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。但是有些名词具备可数和不可数两种性质，要靠详细说法来鉴别。如这道题中“hair”（头发）就是此类词。前半句说是“一头长发”，是不可数名词；后半句说是“三根白发”，是可数名词。因此本题答案应当选“B”。习题训练：Choose the best answer (选取最恰当答案，用A、B、C或D表达，填入空格内):( ) 1. He has got _ to tell you. A) a good news B) some news C) a lot

14、 news D) many news( ) 2. Its seven oclock. _ are sitting at table. A) Mr. Greens B) The Greens C) The Greens D) Greens( ) 3. Your brother is the same _ mine. A) old as B) age as C) old like D) age like( ) 4. Our bodies need food to give us _. A) health B) strong C) energy D) taste( ) 5. A lemon is t

15、he same _ as a banana. A) yellow B) colour C) fresh D) sweet( ) 6. What kind of _ do you like best? A) watermelon B) the watermelon C) a watermelon D) watermelons( ) 7. Look at this magazine. Lets do the _ about eating habits. A) quiz B) list C) cooking D) dinner三.代词: 代词是名词代用词，有批示代词(this，those)、人称代词

16、主宾格(I，me)、形容词性物主代词(my)、名词性物主代词(mine)、反身代词(myself)、不定代词(either，others，anything，nobody)。其中，不定代词变化最复杂。在不同句子中，它们变化和规定都不同样，这一点咱们一定要有充分结识，不能掉以轻心。例题解析:( ) Would you please give _? A) him it B) it him C) to him it D) it to him 英语中，当直接宾语（人）与间接宾语（物）都用人称代词时，一定要先讲间接宾语（物）后讲直接宾语（人），并且要在直接宾语（人）前加上介词“to”。 因此本题答案应当选

17、“D”。( ) She always thinks of _ more than _. A) others，her B) the others，she C) others，herself D) the others，herself 在英语中，“别人”属于“泛指”，应译为“others”。后半句是介词“of”宾语。由于这里“她”与主语“她”是属于同一种人，因而不能用人称代词宾格作宾语，要用反身代词作宾语才对。因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) Some people like watching the sports news，_ prefer TV series. A) the others B)

18、 the other C) others D) another 在英语中，“某些，另某些”有两种译法：“Some ，the others ”是属于“非此即彼”两某些状况，而“Some ，others ”是指有第三某些状况存在。本题意为“一某些人喜欢看体育消息，而另一某些人比较欣赏电视剧”，显然尚有其她人喜欢其她内容，因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) The light in the room was too poor for _ to see it clearly. A) everyone B) someone C) anyone D) none 英语中，“too to”意为“太而不能”，具备

19、否定含义。因而，“for sb.”中应当选运用在否定句中“anyone”才对。因此本题答案应当选“C”。( ) _ the fuel here is from foreign countries，so we must make full use of it. A) Some B) Much C) The most of D) Most of 带有定冠词“the”名词前，应当用代词词组：“some of”（意为“其中某些”）、“much of”（意为“其中许多”）、“most of”（意为“其中大多数”）等。“the mose of”（意为“其中最多”）在本句中译法欠妥，因此本题答案应当选“D”

20、。( ) Can you call on my mother on Saturday or Sunday? Im afraid _ day is possible A) either B) each C) both D) neither 在英语中，有“两者”和“三者以上”不同词语说法：“both”意为“两者都”、“all”意为“三者以上都”、“neither”意为“两者都不”、“none”或“no one”意为“三者以上都不”、“either”意为“两者之一”、“one”意为“三者以上之一”、“between”意为“两者之间”、“among”意为“三者以上之间”。依照本题句意，答句应当是说“我

21、恐怕没有一天能行”， 因此本题答案应当选“D”。( ) There are three bathrooms in the house. One is upstairs，_ two are downstairs. A) other B) the other C) others D) the others 在英语中，“另两个”译法有各种：“the other two”、“the others”、“the rest”。由于本句中讲到三间浴室，“另两间”说法应当是“确指”，因而，必要有定冠词“the”。又由于后句已经写了“two”，因而这里要选作形容词用“other”。 因此本题答案应当选“B”。(

22、) The dishes on Table One are much fewer than _ on Table Two. A) that B) those C) dishes D) / 要注意所比较两个对象具备对称性：这句是“the dishes on Table One”（一桌上菜）和“the dishes on Table Two”（二桌上菜）作比较，因而后半句中“菜”字不能省略。“that”与“those”是比较级句中专用代词。由于该句中所比较对象是复数，因而，要用“those”来代替前面名词。因此本题答案应当选“B”。( ) There are more people in this

23、 room than _ in that one. A) that B) those C) people D) / 要注旨在“There is ”或“There are ”比较级句型中，习惯上不用上题所讲到专用代词。因此本题答案应当选“D”。习题训练：Choose the best answer (选取最恰当答案，用A、B、C或D表达，填入空格内):( ) 1. Show your watch _ me. _ is slow. A) to，Mine B) to，My C) for，Mine D) for，My( ) 2. _ do you like _，the summer holidays

24、or the winter holidays? A) What，better B) What，best C) Which，better D) Which，best( ) 3. She wrote a letter and enclosed a photo of _ taken in her housing estate. A) herself B) her C) hers D) myself( ) 4. She told Jack，Tom and me to _ among _. A) talk it over，us B) talk over it，us C) talk it over，our

25、selves D) talk over it，ourselves( ) 5. Ill do it by myself. I wont need _ help. A) anyones else B) anyone elses C) anyone others D) other anyones( ) 6. I heard _ until my friend told me about it. A) everything B) something C) nothing D) anything( ) 7. Would you like _ more bread，Jack? A) any B) anot

26、her C) little D) a little( ) 8. Only one student got the right answer. But _ didnt. A) the other B) another C) others D) the rest( ) 9. He doesnt think _ of them will go there with you. A) none B) some C) many D) much( )10. The film is dull and _ people like it. A) a few B) few C) a little D) little

27、( )11. Have you all _? A) got ready everything B) got everything ready for C) got everything ready D) got ready for everything( )12. Help _ to some sweets，everyone. A) yourselves B) your own C) yourself D) by yourself( )13. He has six uncles. Five of them are doctors and _ is a driver. A) another B)

28、 the sixth C) other D) the other( )14. Believe or not，I did it all by _. A) me B) us C) myself D) ourselves( )15. A：Are these two books yours ? B：No，_ of them is mine. A) either B) none C) both D) neither( )16. Neither of the twins _ the toy train. A) like B) likes C) is like D) are like四.数词： 数词有基数词

29、和序数词之分：基数词表达数量概念；序数词表达顺序概念。一方面要注意某些数词在写法上变化，如：forty；ninth；twentieth更要注意它们在句子中不同用法和变化。例题解析:( ) About _ students went to the picture show that day. A) hundreds of B) two hundreds C) two hundred of D) two hundred “about”意为“大概”，是指详细数量，因而，不能用表达不定数量词语“hundreds of”（意为“成百个”）。在表达拟定数量时，英语中“hundred”不加“s”，即不变复数

30、。再由于“students”前没有定冠词“the”，不是“其中”之意，因而，也不能加介词“of”。 因此本题答案应当选“D”。( ) _ of _ Class Four students have joined the singing group. A) Three-fifths，the B) Three-fifth，the C) Three-fifths，/ D) Three-fifth，/ 英语中，“几分之几”表达方式是分子用基数词、分母用序数词，中间用短横“”连接。当分子不不大于“一”时，分母序数词要加“s”。再由于本题句中数量用是“of”词组，即意为“其中五分之三”，因而背面名词“st

31、udents”必然是“确指”，要加定冠词“the”。 因此本题答案应当选“A”。在这里要特别注意是：不要看到“students”前有修饰词“Class Four”就不敢加定冠词“the”，要懂得这里“the”是修饰“students”。同样，“the English language”词语表达形式也类似于此种状况。习题训练:Choose the best answer (选取最恰当答案，用A、B、C或D表达，填入空格内):( ) 1.John has twelve coins and Joan has _ ones，three times as many as John. A) thirteen B) fifteen C) thirty-six D