最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题及答案.docx

1、最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题及答案最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Babies born in summer are more likely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown. As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye experts. The

2、y are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks. Scientists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals. Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on say the p

3、rinciple also applies to humans. A study of almost 300, 000 young adults-the largest of its kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January. Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of Tel Aviv U

4、niversity, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-causing short-sightedness. Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be. The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with l

5、evels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun. In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more vulnerable to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape. Sight expert Professor Daniel OLeary, of Anglia Ruskin Universit

6、y in Cambridge, said At the moment we dont know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, but the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted.（1）Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted _. A.because the summer sun is too strong

7、for babiesB.because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballsC.if they are exposed too much sunlight in the first weeks after they are born D if parents dont know a proper way to protect their babies eyes（2）Melatonin is a kind of material to _. A.prevent the eyes from becoming near-sightedB.pro

8、tect the skin from harmful sun raysC.make our body strongD.protect babies eyes from summer sun（3）From what Professor Daniel OLeary says we can conclude that _. A.there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlightB.whether light exposure affects sight still needs to be furt

9、her provedC.he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightednessD.he tries to give the cause of why light exposure affects sight（4）The underlined word vulnerable in the passage probably means _. A.easy to be harmedB.resistantC.protectiveD.changeable【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明在夏

10、季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段和第二段可知，眼科专家称：在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。故选C 。 （2）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays

11、 of the sun.“可知，褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，剑桥大学的视学专家Daniel OLeary教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。故选C。 （4）考查词义猜测。在婴幼儿时期，没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护，婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤，并且改变眼球的形状。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Eating red meat is linked to cancer an

12、d heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the researchers argue that the increased health

13、risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and that cutting back likely wouldnt be worth it for people who enjoy meat. Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers

14、from being published until their criticisms were addressed. The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The teams reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcome

15、s. But the authors say the evidence is weak, and that theres not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors could be at play. If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often arent backed by strong evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the difficulty of measuring the effect