英语人教新课标第14讲Astronomythescienceofthestars教案语文.docx

1、英语人教新课标第14讲Astronomythescienceofthestars教案语文2019年高考一轮复习 第十四讲 Astronomy: the science of the stars教材版本全国通用课时说明（建议）3课时知识点核心词汇：harmful; exist; puzzle; pull核心短语： in time; in ones turn; cheer up复习目标学会灵活使用本单元基础语言知识，重点语法知识复习重点重点句型： make it+形容词/名词 +to do sth复习难点主语从句一、自我诊断 知己知彼 . 单句语法填空1Reading in bed will do

2、 harm _ your eyes.2It is impossible for a cock to lay _ (egg)3If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able _ (float)on the sea?4In his black and blue suit and with _ oxygen tank fastened on his back，Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.5The climate here _ (be)quite pleasant，the t

3、emperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30 in summer.6Our success depends _ whether everyone works hard.7The destruction of such species could prevent researchers _ (find)cures for certain diseases.8It was difficult for the helicopters _ (get)close to the roof of the building because of the heavy smoke.9

4、We have launched another manmade satellite， _ is announced in todays newspaper.10Now that they have computers，it becomes _ (easy)to deal with the problems.【答案】1.to2.eggs3.to float4.an5.is6.on 7. finding8.to get9.which10.easier. 单句改错1If you put your heart into it, youll succeed on time.2This is such

5、interesting a film that I have seen it twice.3Its no longer a question now that whether man can land on the moon.4Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on if this problem can be solved.5General speaking, he is a smart boy except his carelessness.6The river

6、 is so polluted that every day we can see a lot of things being floating on the water.【答案】1.onin2.suchso3.去掉whether4.ifwhether 5.General Generally6.去掉being二、温故知新 夯实基础考纲单词精讲1、harmful adj.有害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful

7、gases and acids into the oceans and seas. (P26)很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。归纳拓展(1)be harmful to对有害(2)harm n&vt.伤害；损害Do harm to sb. /do sb. harm 对某人有害 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有害处(3)harmless adj.无害的 harmlessness n无害语境助记The drought was harmful to the crops. 这场干旱对农作物有危害。Fruit jui

8、ce can do harm to childrens teeth. 果汁可能会损害儿童的牙齿。They may not be able to help but theres no harm in asking them.他们可能帮不上忙，但求他们一下倒也无妨。2、exist vi.存在；生存教材原句They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.(P26) 它们也下蛋并在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。归纳拓展(1)exist on靠生存/生活 exist by靠方式为生exist in存在于

9、之中 There exist(s).某地有；存在消极的一面(2)come into existence产生；成立；开始存在 in existence现存的(3)existing adj.现存的；目前的名师点睛语境助记It exists in milk in great amount. 牛奶中它(钙)的含量很大。They cant exist on the money hes earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。There exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。Pakistan c

10、ame into existence as an independent country after the war. 巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立国家存在了。It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. 能看到仍然存在的传统的苹果品种，如曾由罗马人种植的Decio苹果，真是令人大开眼界。介词填空aEven though he is a little boy, strange id

11、eas always exist in his mind.bThe old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed on milk ever since.cThe Imperial Palace in Beijing has been in existence for more than 500 years. 3、puzzlen谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑； (使)为难教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scient

12、ists found hard to solve.(P27)地球上的生命是怎样开始的，这是科学家们发现难以解决的最大的谜团之一。归纳拓展(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好 a puzzle to sb. 一件让人感到困惑的事情puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 puzzle sb. 迷惑某人；使某人困惑puzzle sth. out 琢磨出的答案(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的be puzzled about 对迷惑不解名师点睛puzzled意为“迷惑的；不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色、声音等

13、；puzzling意为“令人迷惑的；让人不解的”，往往指物。语境助记Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it, and active in doing it.尽管有些人热衷于选举，并且积极参与，但是也有很多人对选举消极的一面有点儿困惑。People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.人们长期对埃及人如何搬动如此巨大的石头而感到困惑不解

14、。He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。What puzzled the doctors most was that they could not find the cause of the disease.使医生最困惑的是他们找不到致病的原因。Im in a puzzle as to what to do next. 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us.

15、 失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling maths problem.她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考令人困惑的数学问题。4、pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力教材原句As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.(P30) 随着

16、火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。归纳拓展pull away (车辆等)驶离；开走 pull in (车辆等)进站；靠停pull down 拆除；(把身体)拖垮 pull off (匆忙地)脱下(衣物)；(成功地)完成pull on (匆忙地)穿上 pull out 拔出；驶出；摆脱(困难)pull through 恢复健康；渡过难关 pull up 停车pull together (使)齐心协力语境助记I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。Larry pulled over,

17、set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器)拉里停下车，将车设为制动状态并抓起灭火器开始灭火。I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo.现在我会定期拿出手机核查事实，看录像及读微博。They are pulling down some houses to make room for a new hotel.他们正在拆除一些房子，目的是为了给新旅馆腾地。The train pulled in and all the

18、passengers got off. 火车进站了，所有的乘客都下了车。So long as we pull together theres no mountain top we cant conquer. 只要我们齐心协力，就没有攀登不上的高峰。Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not. 每个人都很关心他是否能痊愈。核心短语诠释1、in time 及时；终于；最终教材原句They were in time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapour

19、and other gases, . (P25)它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体，归纳拓展at a time 一次；每次 at one time 曾经；一度at times 有时，间或 at no time 决不；从不at the same time 与此同时；然而 in no time 立刻；马上on time 按时；准时 for the time being 暂时take ones time 别着急；慢慢来名师点睛1.in time后可接for sth./to do sth.的形式，意为“做某事及时/来得及”。2.at no time等含否定意义的词组位于句首，句子要部分倒装

20、；in no time意为“立刻，马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。语境助记We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun.我们是夏季到的，正好赶上欣赏子夜的太阳。If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，总有一天你会成功的。Well do up your car in no time at all. 我们很快就能把你的汽车修好。If you cant arrive there on time, you should inform them of i

21、t in advance. 如果你不能按时到达，应该预先通知他们。At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.我曾一度感觉父母不理解我，因此我希望能够摆脱他们的束缚。Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.我一直都很焦虑，很难一次集中注意力一个多小时。2、in ones turn 轮到某人；接着教材原句Thus they

22、have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.(P26)于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。归纳拓展in turn 依次；轮流；逐个；相应地；转而 by turn 轮流；依次take turns doing/to do sth. 轮流做 Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人干某事It turns/turned out that. 结果语境助记All theories are from practice and in turn serve practice. 所有的理论都来源

23、于实践，并转而为实践服务。When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak. 当轮到我时，我激动地说不出话来。I think its my turn to drive the kids to school this week. 我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。The young parents had to take turns to look after their sick baby.这对年轻的父母不得不轮流照看他们生病的孩子。It turned out that this young man was none other than th

24、e old mans son.结果这位年轻人竟然正是这个老人的儿子。3、cheer up (使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋教材原句I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.(P31)我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。归纳拓展(1)cheer sb. up使某人感到高兴/振奋 cheer sb.

25、 on为鼓气；向喝彩(2)cheering adj.能鼓舞人的；使人振作/高兴的 cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的cheerless adj.阴冷的；阴暗的；阴郁的；不快乐的 cheers (用于祝酒)干杯；再见语境助记Cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to cheer up her friends and praise their accomplishments.凯茜并未期待任何奖励，而是仍旧在那里鼓励她的朋友们，表扬他们的成绩。When Im feeling sad my mother tells me f

26、unny stories to cheer me up.当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。We did our best to cheer him on when he was about to give up.当他将要放弃时，我们尽力鼓励他。In the authors eyes, motorheads are cheerful and smart. 在作者眼中，技校学生是快乐而且聪明的。Cheers! With our coffee cups for our future! 以咖啡代酒，为我们的未来干杯吧！高考句型突破1、This produced a chain r

27、eaction, which made it possible for life to develop.(P26)这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。归纳拓展这是“make it形容词/名词to do sth.”句型。该句型中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构，形容词或名词为宾语补足语。(1)makeit形容词/名词不定式/从句(2)make宾语宾语补足语(3)find, feel, think, leave等动词也有这样的用法语境助记Better sewers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an

28、outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. 更好的下水道使得人们在暴雨之后肠胃不适病的爆发就不太可能发生。They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.他们想让人们明白他们做的是重要和必要的工作。The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country.她是一个外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到一份工作。2、But when

29、 I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(P31)而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。归纳拓展twice as far as.是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是的两倍远”。as far as.“远到”。英语里常见的倍数表达法有：A动词倍数asadj./adv.原级as BA动词倍数adj. /adv.比较级than BA动词倍数the名词(size/weight/length.)of BA动词倍数what从句

30、，表示“A是的多少倍”A动词倍数thatof B语境助记The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently, which is almost three times bigger than Earth. Hopefully it can support human life.据报道，最近发现了一颗新行星，几乎比地球大三倍。人类有望能在上面生活。21世纪21世纪教育Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown. 北京是我家乡的十倍大。The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.目前世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。Its said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.Its said that the power plant is now twice the size of what it was.据说该发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。In the