20届高考英语二轮 专题4 完形填空第3节说明文.docx

1、20届高考英语二轮 专题4 完形填空 第3节 说明文第三节说明文 (2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔五校联考)Ive suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldnt change，Id do a casual act of 3 .Things

2、like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处)At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that

3、 mountain as quickly as I could.This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didnt 10 .I knew scares didnt 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I

4、 lost some money，but I thought it was only money.When I got home，I turned on the computer.Beyond my 14 ，I found this site and the smile 15 through surfing on the web.In the 16 were these smile cards which Id never heard of.So here I am!I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every da

5、y I was anxietyfree.Id do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now Ive 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己克服焦虑和气愤的方法及保持积极乐观的经历。1A.came

6、 up with Bbroke away fromCput up with Dended up with答案A解析 几年前，我想出了一个我自认为能保持积极乐观的好办法。根据句意可知选A。come up with提出； break away from从脱离；put up with忍受； end up with以结束。2A.happy BconcernedCfearful Dangry答案D解析由上文的“serious social anxiety and anger problems”可知，空处指每次我对于不能改变的事情生气时，我会做慈善。故选D。happy快乐的；concerned担心的；fe

7、arful害怕的； angry生气的。3A.voluntary work BcharityCshopping Ddriving答案B解析由下句中的“goods to our local food bank”可知我做的是慈善。故选B。voluntary work志愿工作；charity慈善；shopping购物；driving驾驶。4A.lending BthrowingCoffering Dwasting答案C解析此处指作者向食品赈济处提供物品，故选C。offer sth.to sb.提供某物给某人，符合语境。lend借；throw扔；waste浪费。5A.start BmiddleCend

8、Dtop答案A解析联系下段的“in the early June”可知，这里的时间是六月初。故选A。start开始；middle中间；end结束；top顶端。6A.As BUnlessCIf DThough答案A解析当我站在海拔高度很高的山顶时，我脑子里好像有东西要爆炸。根据句意可知选A。as当，因为，随着，作为；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。7A.nothing BeverythingCsomething Danything答案C解析nothing没有东西； everything每样东西； something某个东西； anything任何东西。句意参见上题解析。故选C。8A

9、.pleased BhelpedCexcited Dworried答案D解析根据语境和下文的“This anxious feeling”可知，空处指我感到很担心(worried)，所以尽快地下了山，故选D。9A.hiking BclimbCflight Drace答案B解析根据上下文可知，这里说的是六月初我对爬山的焦虑情感一直持续，故选B。10A.wait BleaveCpanic Dhesitate答案C解析联系下句“害怕不能解决问题”可知，作者回去工作了，而且没有恐慌。故选C。wait等待；leave离开； panic恐慌；hesitate犹豫。11A.find BconsultCreje

10、ct Dsolve答案D解析因为我知道害怕不能解决问题。根据句意可知选D。find发现；consult咨询；reject拒绝；solve解决。12A.frightened BcalmCdisappointed Dsad答案B解析由下文的“kept me cool”可知，我很镇静。故选B。frightened感到害怕的； calm镇静的，冷静的； disappointed失望的；sad伤心的。13A.shouted BcriedCworked Dshopped答案D解析由空前的“went to the supermarket”和空后的“lost some money”可知，我去超市购物了。sho

11、ut大叫；cry哭，喊； work工作，起作用；shop购物。14A.reach BabilityCexpectation Dtouch答案C解析联系下文“these smile cards which Id never heard of”可知，这些笑容卡是我之前从未听说的，由此可推知我发现这个网站和笑容卡是意料之外的。beyond expectation出乎预料，意料之外。故选C。15A.cards BpicturesCwords Dvideos答案A解析联系下文“these smile cards which Id never heard of”可知，我发现了这个网站和笑容卡。故选A。16

12、A.drawer BwebCroom Dbook答案B解析联系上句“surfing on the web”可知这些笑容卡在网上。故选B。17A.serious BcasualCgeneral Dwasteful答案B解析联系上文的“Id do a casual act of”可知，六月初的旅行之后我改变了这种随意的(casual)的行为计划。故选B。18A.donated BexchangedCsold Dstolen答案A解析由下文的“helped strangers”可知，此处指的是捐赠食物。故选A。donate捐赠； exchange交换； sell卖；steal偷。19A.sell B

13、buyCfind Dlift答案D解析根据语境可知，此处指我帮助陌生人提东西上楼梯。故选D。sell卖；buy买；find发现；lift举起，抬高。20A.bad BattractiveCpositive Dpassive答案C解析联系第二段中的“what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive”可知，作者是想找到保持积极乐观的计划。故可推知，此处指宇宙可能用笑容卡给我发了一条积极的信息。故选C。bad坏的；attractive有吸引力的；positive积极的；passive被动的，消极的。一、题型解读说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态

14、、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。与记叙文相比，说明文类完形填空有如下命题特点：1文章多用一般现在时态。 说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用一般现在时态。2语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述。 说明文的目的是要帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实，易于理解，内容客观真实。3文章主题明确，层次分明。 高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明对象，从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。 而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。二、解题技巧1明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文

15、，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。 在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。2弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。 把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。 另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意思。(2018河北衡水中学一调)Do you ever

16、feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 1pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what youve been learning.8Selfreflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so you

17、r brain can 5evaluate what it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their selfreflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of selfreflect

18、ion.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.You should find a 10 placeanywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk a

19、t school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .9Sometimes just 4pausing to thin

20、k deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you dont 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to sol

21、ve a math problem，but youre not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.Selfreflection is an 6essential skill for a 20 student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我反思的定义以及它

22、是如何帮助学生学习的。1A.steady BfastCrelaxing Dunique答案B解析根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”可知，此处是指比较快的(fast)节奏。故选B。2A.change BcheckCstop Dexercise答案C解析时不时地停下来(stop)回想一下你一直在学的东西是非常重要的。故选C。下文的“stopping the mad rush”亦是提示。3A.calming BenjoyingCbehaving Dhelping答案A解析根据上文提到快节奏的学习以及空前的“stopping the mad r

23、ush”可知，此处应是指让自己平静下来。故选A。calm使平静。4A.dealt BforgottenCfound Dreceived答案D解析平静下来，让你的大脑能评估它接收到的东西。receive接收，收到，符合题意。故选D。5A.personally BmentallyCslowly Ddirectly答案B解析与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应指在心理上反思，故选B。6A.pace BgradeCskill Dstyle答案D解析这两种方法都会奏效，这取决于你自己的风格。故选D。7A.quick BnecessaryCeasy Dhard答案C解析make it e

24、asy for sb.to do sth.使某人容易做某事。根据前文的“教科书被分成单元”可知选C。8A.finished BdividedCinterrupted Dcovered答案A解析与下文的“test or quiz”相对应，应是这部分完成了。故选A。9A.breaks BtestsCunits Dperiods答案A解析根据空后的“as opportunities to stop and reflect”可知，此处指利用这种自然的停顿去反思。故选A。break停顿。10A.safe BfamiliarCquiet Dcomfortable答案C解析根据下文的“without noi

25、se”可知，此处指选一个安静的(quiet)地方，故选C。11A.correctly BfinallyCearly Dindependently答案C解析与空后的“the other students are still working”形成对比，故early“及早地”，符合题意。故选C。12A.actively BnewlyCrapidly Dcarefully答案B解析记下你本单元新学到的东西。newly最新，最近，符合语境。下一段中的“new information”亦是提示。13A.choices BdecisionsCconnections Dimprovements答案C解析这里是

26、指让新旧知识相连，也可参考下一段中的“allows your brain to make connections”。故选C。14A.in case Bso thatCeven if Das though答案B解析空后是前一分句的目的，故选B。in case万一； so that以至于；even if即使；as though好像。15A.seek BshareCshow Dneed答案D解析以便当你再次需要新信息时，它能够快速出现。故选D。16A.In general BOf courseCFor example DAs usual答案C解析根据上文内容和下文中的“maybe.”“Maybe.”

27、可知，此处是在举例子，故选C。for example例如。17A.know BdoubtCbelieve Dremember答案A解析但是你不知道(know)它是如何与身体的其他系统一起工作的。故选A。下一句中的“not sure”亦是提示。18A.opinions BmethodsCworries Dquestions答案D解析根据下文中的answers可知，此处是指写下你的问题。故选D。question问题。19A.come across Bget throughCthink of Dtake away答案A解析此处是指当下一次遇到相同的题目时。故选A。come across遇到。20A.

28、talented BsuccessfulCserious Dyoung答案B解析自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能。故选B。successful成功的。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1We encourage all the students to study at their own pace.节奏2He has formed the habit of keeping a journal every day.日记3Tom likes watching TV，especially likes watching quiz shows.智力竞赛4He made a s

29、hort pause and then went on reading.停顿(二)同义词语替换5We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.assess6The words are essential for everybody to learn English.necessary/vital7May I take this opportunity to thank you for all your hard work.chance(三)一词多义 8reflection n反映；倒影；映像；深思；仔细考虑(1)To some exten

30、t，students grades are a reflection of teachers.反映(2)We looked at our reflections in the lake.倒影(3)A week off would give him time for reflection.仔细考虑.长难句理解9Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can quickly appear when you need it again.句式分析本句是一个复合句，主语部分为动名词短语pausing to think deeply；so that引导目的状语从句。在从句中when引导时间状语从句。精美译文有时候仅仅是短暂地停下来深思一下就能使你的大脑建立联系，以便当你再次需要新信息时，新信息就会很快速出现。强化练(二十六