高考情态动词专项练习题及答案详解.docx

1、高考情态动词专项练习题及答案详解高考情态动词专项练习题及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词1Students _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation.Awould Bshall Cwill Dcould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：学生们必须呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意，“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务，用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。2I don

2、t really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.Amust not Bneed not Cwould not Dmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词，题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。3Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that_ possible just a few

3、 years agoAwould have been Bmight have beenCshouldnt have been Dcouldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldnt have done，故D项正确。4Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, _ that different cultures _ coe

4、xist with tolerance.Athe one ; must Bthe one ; should Cone ; must Done ; should【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查替代和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法1.one 指代前面出现的可

5、数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： -Do you want the cup ? -Yes ,I want it. 3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.5I

6、have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.Amustnt BneedntCwouldnt Dcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。6Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He m

7、any times last week.Aneed have practised Bmight practiseCmust have practised Dcould practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。7Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd bett

8、er make a copy of them.Amust BcanCshould Dwill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情，表示客观可能性用can。must肯定，必须；should应该；will表意愿。故B选项正确。8The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.Awill BneedCcan Dmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过

9、了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。9he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.Ashall BmustCmay Dneed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：法律面前人人平等。没有人能凌驾于法律之上。A. shall用于第二、第三人称，则含有命令、警告、允诺或威胁的语气。B. must（必须，一定）用于肯定句。C. may（可以，能够）表允许时一般不与第三人称连用。D. need (表示没有必要或询问是否有必要) 需要；故选A。10woul

10、d可以表达过去常常做的事，过去习惯发生的动作：Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词，表示要求、邀请、希望或询问，此时不是说过去，而是对现在的询问：Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗？Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗？比如本题，would 表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，故选A。11

11、_ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWould BShallCMust DMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shal

12、l we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。12Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half a

13、n hour early.Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dcouldnt【答案】A【解析】 考查情态动词。needt have done 本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldnt不会，mustnt禁止，couldnt不可能，所以选A。13-Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you_know-you married one.Amight Bwould Cshall Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能，也许

14、；B. would将会；C. shall必须，会；D. should应该。句意：-有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点，因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断，用should。14Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.Amust Bought toCmay Dcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought

15、 to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。15Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.Acan BshouldCneed Dmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can

16、have done表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。16Well make the final decision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.AShould BWere CWould DHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If y

17、ou should change your mind。故选A。【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3）If

18、he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。17Where is my dictionary?I r

19、emember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust put Bshould have putCmight put Dmight have put【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+

20、ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。18I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.Acouldnt BmustntCshouldnt Dneednt【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过

21、我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。考点：考查情态动词词义辨析19The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.Ashouldnt BcouldntCwouldnt Dmightnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该；B. couldnt不能够；C. wouldnt不愿意；D. mightnt可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。20You _ give me a lift. I want to walk home for ex

22、ercise.Aneednt Bcouldnt Ccant Dmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必让我搭车。我想步行回家锻炼身体。A. neednt不必；B. couldnt不能；C. cant不会；D. mustnt禁止，不允许。根据I want to walk home for exercise.可知，你不必让我搭车。故选A。考点：考查情态动词21Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the meeting?Acan Bshould Cmay Dm

23、ust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了？ A. can可能，可能性，表示可能性时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该； C. may也许，表示可能性时常用于肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定”的意思；本题是强调句型的一个变式：强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢？”。根据句意可知，用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩，四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表

24、示说话者对事情的一种看法，也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。22If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _ avoided.Ashould Bcould be Cshould have been Dcould have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视，就可以避免无锡立

25、交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构，结合句意表示“本来可以；本来能够”应用could have done结构，且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，故应用be done形式。故选D。【点睛】情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：一、must have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过”，在否定句和疑问句中用cant或couldnt或can/ could，例如：1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从

26、你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做；1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。三、cant/couldnt have done sth.不可能做过某事；1. We couldt have done it without you.没有你我们办不成这事。四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。You should have done it when you first sa

27、w them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。2.Even if its something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。23AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _ be used responsibly and in a proper way.Acan Bneed Cmust Dwill【答案】C【解析】【详

28、解】考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。24- I called you last night, but no one answered.- Sorry, I _ sleeping.Amust have doneBwould have beenCmust beDcould be【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：昨晚我给你打电话了，但没人接。对不起，我一定是睡着了。分析可知，前文提及打电话无

29、人应答，后文解释原因：肯定睡着了。情态动词must可用于must be+v-ing 表示“过去肯定在做某事”，符合句意要求。故选C项。25 Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it _ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.Amust not Bcant Cwont Dmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词：句意：那不是安的丈夫吗？-不，肯定不是他，我确定他不戴眼镜。A. must not禁止;B. cant 不能;C. wont不会;D. may not可能不。表示否定的推测，不可能，用cant。故

30、选B项。26Are you going on a holiday after the exam?Well, I havent decided yet. I _ find some other choices.Awould Bmight Cmust Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：考试后你要去度假吗?嗯，我还没有决定。我可能会发现一些其他的选择。A. would将会；B. might可能；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据上文“ I havent decided yet”可推断，我可能还有别的选择，表示可能性，might符合语境，故选B。27He _ his stay in France, didnt he? He looks amazingly different.Awill have enjoyed Bshould have enjoyedCcan have enjoyed Dmust have enjoyed