Matlab数据可视化命令与示例.docx

1、Matlab数据可视化命令与示例【二维图形绘制】 21. plot(Y) 22. plot(X,Y) 23. plot(X,Y,LineSpec) 24. ezplot(f) 35. ezplot(f,min,max) 36. ezplot(f,xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax) 4【三维图形绘制】 41. plot3(X,Y,Z) / plot3(X,Y,Z,LineSpec) 42. X, Y = meshgrid(x,y) 53. mesh/surf 54. ezplot3(x,y,z) / ezplot(x,y,z,tmin, tmax) 65. ezmesh(f) / e

2、zsurf(f) 66. ezmeshc / ezsurfc 7【特殊图形绘制】 71. 二维条形图：bar(x,y) / barh(x,y) 72. 三维条形图bar3 / bar3h 83. 填充图：area(Y) / area(X,Y) 84. 饼图：pie(x) / pie3(x) 95. 直方图：hist(y) 96. 离散数据图形：stem(x,y) / stairs(x,y) / stem3(x,y,z) 107. 等值线图：contour(x,y,z,n) 108.等值线图（符号函数）： ezcontour(f, domain,n) / ezcontourf(f,domain,

3、n) 119. 矢量图：quiver(x,y,u,v) 11【二维图形绘制】1. plot(Y) Y为向量，实数矩阵在命令窗口输入下面命令：x = -3:0.2:3;y = 1/sqrt(2*pi)*exp(-1/2*x.2);plot(y) 2. plot(X,Y)X和Y可以为向量或矩阵x = -3:0.2:3;y = 1/sqrt(2*pi)*exp(-1/2*x.2);plot(x,y) 3. plot(X,Y,LineSpec)LineSpec参数包括线条的形状、颜色和点的形状、颜色（见下表）。x = -3:0.2:3;y = 1/sqrt(2*pi)*exp(-1/2*x.2);pl

4、ot(x,y,r*) 4. ezplot(f)f为符号表达式syms x;f = cos(x);ezplot(f); 5. ezplot(f,min,max)syms x y;ezplot(x2-y4,-4,4); 6. ezplot(f,xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)syms x y;ezplot(x2-y4,-4,4,-2,2); 【三维图形绘制】1. plot3(X,Y,Z) / plot3(X,Y,Z,LineSpec)X,Y, Z为向量或矩阵在命令窗口输入下面命令：t = 0:pi/50:10*pi;plot3(sin(t),cos(t),t);grid on 2.

5、X, Y = meshgrid(x,y)将向量x和y转化为矩阵，X为x的行的复制，Y为y的列的复制x = -3:3;y = x;X,Y = meshgrid(x,y)X = -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3Y = -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

6、2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3. mesh/surf绘制网格图和表面图。X,Y = meshgrid(-1:0.1:1);Z = X.2+Y.2;subplot(1,2,1);mesh(X,Y,Z);subplot(1,2,2);surf(X,Y,Z); 4. ezplot3(x,y,z) / ezplot(x,y,z,tmin, tmax)绘制参数方程x = x(t), y = y(t), z = z(t)图像syms t;x = cos(t);y = sin(t);z = t;ezplot3(x,y,z,0,6*pi); 5. ezmesh(f) / ezsur

7、f(f)syms x y;z = x*exp(-x2-y2);subplot(1,2,1);ezmesh(z);subplot(1,2,2);ezsurf(z); 6. ezmeshc / ezsurfc在绘制三维曲面的同时绘制等值线syms x y;z = x*exp(-x2-y2);subplot(1,2,1);ezmeshc(z);subplot(1,2,2);ezsurfc(z); 【特殊图形绘制】1. 二维条形图：bar(x,y) / barh(x,y)绘制纵向或横向的二维柱状图。x为横坐标（可省），计算y每行值显示为纵坐标；在命令窗口输入下面命令：A = rand(5,3)*10;

8、subplot(1,2,1);bar(A);subplot(1,2,2);barh(A); 2. 三维条形图bar3 / bar3h纵向或横向的三维柱状图A = rand(5,3)*10;subplot(1,2,1);bar3(A);subplot(1,2,2);bar3h(A); 3. 填充图：area(Y) / area(X,Y)填充图，Y矩阵的每一列为一条曲线，并填充曲线间的区域。A = rand(3,3)*10;subplot(1,2,1);area(A);subplot(1,2,2);area(1 2 5,A); 4. 饼图：pie(x) / pie3(x)绘制x的二维和三维饼状图，

9、x的每个元素占有一个扇形x = 2.5 3.1 1.9;subplot(1,2,1);pie(x);subplot(1,2,2);pie3(x); 5. 直方图：hist(y)绘制直方图x = randn(1000,1);subplot(1,2,1);hist(x);subplot(1,2,2);hist(x,8); 6. 离散数据图形：stem(x,y) / stairs(x,y) / stem3(x,y,z)二维离散图形、二维阶跃图形、三维离散图形x = 0:10:360*pi/180;y = sin(x);subplot(2,2,1);plot(x,y);subplot(2,2,2);s

10、tem(x,y);subplot(2,2,3);stairs(x,y);t = 0:0.1:10;s = 0.1+i;y = exp(-s*t);subplot(2,2,4);stem3(real(y),imag(y),t); 7. 等值线图：contour(x,y,z,n)绘制二维等值线n = -2:0.2:2;X,Y,Z = peaks(n);contour(X,Y,Z,10); 8.等值线图（符号函数）： ezcontour(f, domain,n) / ezcontourf(f,domain,n)绘制符号函数的等值线。绘制函数syms x y;f = 3*(1-x)2*exp(-(x2

11、)-(y+1)2).-10*(x/5-x3-y5)*exp(-x2-y2).-1/3*exp(-(x+1)2-y2);subplot(1,2,1);ezcontour(f,-3,3,49);title(contour);subplot(1,2,2);ezcontourf(f,-3,3,49); title(filled contour); 9. 矢量图：quiver(x,y,u,v)绘制矢量像(x,y)是坐标，(u,v)是待绘制的矢量n = -2:0.2:2;X,Y,Z = peaks(n);contour(X,Y,Z,10);U, V = gradient(Z, 0.2);hold onquiver(X,Y,U,V);