自考英语二重点讲解复习资料.docx

1、自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二复习资料第一章重点单词扩充讲解：1. organizational: a组织上的由此我们可以联想到：organize: v组织；organization: n组织；organizer: n组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：1). Last week, our school _ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the high est _ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _. 4). He is the _ _ of the

2、speech contest.Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer2. objective: n目标；a 客观的，反义词subjective:主观的3. predict: v预言、预示；由此我们可以联想到：的； predictor: n 预言家prediction: n4. simplify: v预言；简化predictable: a可预测由此我们可以联想到： simple: a 简单的；地； simplification: n 简化； simplified: a的。 Exercises for the abov

3、e words:simply: ad 被简化简单地，仅仅1). The machine is _ in operation but complex in structure.2). Shakespeare sRomeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while _ _ edition is quite easy.3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _ a question of procedure. 4). The _ of working pro

4、cess freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification5. tendency: n趋势、倾向；tend : v倾向于, ， tend to do sthe.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter.Or old people tend to get fatter.6. managerial: a经理的、经营上的；由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n

5、经营者，管理者；manageable: a可管理的、可经营的。7. argue: v争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服精品文库某人不要做某事。 e.g. 1. The young couple always argue with each other over their child s education.2. I argued him out of going on such a dangerous jour

6、ney. 8. define: v 给 , 下定义； definition: n 定义 9. profitability: n 赚钱， 获利由此我们可以联想到： profit: n 利润； profitable: a 有利可图的 , 有好处的； profitless: a 没有利润的。1). He has made a _ from running a small restaurant.2). The deal was _ to all of us.3). They valued _ differently, which led to disagreement as to the correc

7、tness of decision.Answer: profit, profitable; profitability.10. correctness: n 正确性； 字根： correct: a 正确的； v 纠正， correction: n 纠正； incorrect: a 不正确的。11. unintended: a 非计划中的，由此我们可以联想到： intend: v 打算，计划； intention: n ； intended: a 计划中的 课文难句讲解、分析1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses

8、of action that are av ailable.(p1) 译：决策就是从几种可以选择的做法中作出选择。分析：该句是主系表结构。made from among alternative courses of action that are available 是过去分词短语做定语修饰 a choice; 其中 that are available 是定语从句修饰 courses of action. 像这样一环修饰一环的句子结构在英文中很普遍，因此为了看懂句子大家必须学会分析。这是整个英语学习过程中很重要的能力！2.The reason for making a decision is

9、 that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them. (p1)译：做出决策的原因是因为存在问题，目标或目的有错误，或者有某种东西防碍着它们的实现。 分析：该句又是主系表结构。 That 引导三个并列的表语从句， a problem exists ， goals or objectives are wrong ；something is standing in the way of accomplishing them 。

10、短语： make a decision: 做出决策； stand in the way: 阻挡、防碍欢迎下载 2精品文库3.Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to lea ve as little as possible to chance, but since uncertainty is always there, risk accompa nies decisions. (p2)译：通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳预测，从而使偶然性尽可能少地发生，但因为不确定性总是存在，所以

11、决策常伴随着风险。分析：前半句是主谓宾结构。 what the future will be 是 at 的宾语；as little as possible 做 leave 的宾语； since 引导原因状语从句，相当于 because.4. If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made. (p3) 译：如果没有选择，就不会有决策。分析：这是一句很简单的条件状语从句，但它有一个很重要的考点： to be made 。这是动词不定式做定语修饰 decision ，有将来意味。比如：The last question to be dis

12、cussed today is how to divide the work among ourselves.5. For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws,precedents, and the like. (p3)译：对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律以及惯例等因素制约。分析：这句话的考点是based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like 。同样是过去分词短语做定语修饰 constrai

13、nts 。其中词组： base, on 以 , 为基础。 如：The film is based on s short story by Jack London.6. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives. (p4) 译：但是这种简化的倾向使得他们看不到其他可供选择的方法。分析：该句主语 the tendency to simplify ，谓语 blinds; them 是宾语。 to simplify 是定语，修饰 the tendency ； to other alternatives 是宾补。其中短语

14、： blind sb to sth:使 , 看不见 , ；we shouldn t let our prejudices blind us to the facts.7.Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about ho w to attain the goals, the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. (p6 li ne 4-6) 译：因为个人（和组织）关于如何达到目的常有不同的观点，哪种是最优的选择可能要看是谁做

15、出决策。分析：这是一个由 because 引导的原因状语从句。其中 how to attain the goals 做介词 about 的宾语， who makes the decision 做介词 on 的宾语。8.Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and deg ree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to departm欢迎下载 3精品文库ent. (p7 line 2-4) 译：

16、其中有一些目标比其它的更重要，但其顺序和重要程度因人和不同的部门而异。分析：请注意比较级 more important than ，词组： vary from person to person 译成中文：因人而异，可以推出：因季节而异 vary from season to season , .9.When presented with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems,production managers see production problems, and so on. (p7 line 5-7)译：当面

17、对同一件日常事情时，销售经理倾向于看销售问题，而生产经理则会看生产相关的问题，等等。分析：前半部分为常考内容，它是 when + 过去分词短语，构成时间状语部分。其中词组： be presented with = be faced with 当面对,When faced with difficulties, we should be brave.10. People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon. (p9) 译：人们经常假设一项决策是孤立的现象。分析：句子结构简单：主谓宾（从句）。其中 assume: = imag

18、ine; isolated: adj 孤立的。 phenomenon: n 现象；复数变化较特殊： phenomena6. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives. (p4) 译：但是这种简化的倾向使得他们看不到其他可供选择的方法。分析：该句主语 the tendency to simplify ，谓语 blinds; them 是宾语。 to simplify 是定语，修饰 the tendency ； to other alternatives 是宾补。其中短语： blind sb to sth:使 ,

19、看不见 , ；we shouldn t let our prejudices blind us to the facts.7.Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about ho w to attain the goals, the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. (p6 line 4-6) 译：因为个人（和组织）关于如何达到目的常有不同的观点，哪种是最优的选择可能要看是谁做出决策。分析：这是一个由 because 引导

20、的原因状语从句。其中 how to attain the goals 做介词 about 的宾语， who makes the decision 做介词 on 的宾语。8.Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and deg ree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department. (p7 line 2-4) 译：其中有一些目标比其它的更重要，但其顺序和重要程度因人和不同的部门而

21、异。分析：请注意比较级 more important than ，词组： vary from person to person 译成中文：因人而异，可以推出：因季节而异 vary from season to season , .欢迎下载 4精品文库9.When presented with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems,production managers see production problems, and so on. (p7 line 5-7)译：当面对同一件日常事情时，销售经理倾向于看销售问题，

22、而生产经理则会看生产相关的问题，等等。分析：前半部分为常考内容，它是 when + 过去分词短语，构成时间状语部分。其中词组： be presented with = be faced with 当面对, When faced with difficulties, we should be brave.10. People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon. (p9) 译：人们经常假设一项决策是孤立的现象。分析：句子结构简单：主谓宾（从句）。其中 assume: = imagine; isolated: adj 孤立的

23、。 phenomenon: n 现象；复数变化较特殊： phenomena自考英语二复习资料第二章重点单词、词组详讲1. interview: n/v 采访、面试； interviewer: n 采访者； interviewee: n 被采访者 e.g. 1. Whos the most famous person youve ever interviewed on TV?2. In a TV interview last night, she denied she had any intention of resigning. 2.criticism: n 批评，评论； criticize:

24、 v 批评； critical: a 批评的、挑剔的、关键的；critic: n 评论家 , 请填填看。1 He is a literary _.2 We are at a _time in our history.3 He cant take _.4 The boy was _ by his father for being late for school. Answers: critic, critical, criticism, criticized3. indifference: n 冷漠、漠不关心； indifferent: a 冷漠的，反义词： enthusiastic: 热情的

25、cf: different: a 不同的，名词： difference; 反义词：same. 4. inefficiency: n 无效，由此联想得到：efficient: a 高效率的； efficiency: n inefficient: a 低效率的5. conservative: a 保守的、保存的； conserve: v 保存； conservation: n 6. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物欢迎下载 5精品文库e.g. The student applied to the embassy for a visa. 7. take the trouble

26、 to do sth:不辞劳苦、费力地做某事e.g. If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, youd know what I was t alking about.8. put oneself in somebodys place: 设身处地,If you put yourself in your mothers place, you will understand why she is so worrie d about you.9.in hand: 手头上有，进行中Ive got enough money in ha

27、nd to buy a new car. 10. turn down: 调小，降低，拒绝Turn down the TV, for the baby is sleeping.He turned down the job because the pay isnt good enough. 课文难句分析1. The key words here are preparation and confidence, which will carry you far. （ p2） 译：这里的关键词是准备和自信，它们将使你前程远大。分析： which will carry you far 非限定性定语从句，修

28、饰preparation and confidence 。另外请注意： key 关键的； preparation 是 prepare 的名词； confidence: n 信心。 Confident: a 有信心的； self-confidence: 自信心。2.Find out all you can about the job you are applying for and the origination you h ope to work for. (p4)译：了解你所申请的工作和你希望为之工作的组织。分析： you are applying for 定语，修饰 the job; yo

29、u hope to work for 定语修饰the origination 。词组： apply to sb for sth 向某人申请什么。3. It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job. (p6) 译：它表明你对雇主和你的工作的态度冷漠，不感兴趣。分析： it 主语； shows 谓语； an unattractive indifference 宾语；to your employer and to your job 间接宾语。 Show sth to sb=show sb sth. 另外，

30、请注意： indifference: 冷漠，漠视。4. He wants somebody who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job. (p7)分析： who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job全部都是定语，修饰 somebody 。注意介词 with 表示带有。； have interest in sth欢迎下载 6精品文库对,有兴趣。 5. Anything that you find out about the prospective employer can be