高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列专题08Unit3Unit5高频词汇分类解读.docx

1、高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列专题08Unit3Unit5高频词汇分类解读2021年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列专题08Unit3-Unit5高频词汇分类解读含解析必修练习重在做到有的放矢，基础练习以单词拼写、单词填空或短文填空为主。能力提升一定要由浅入深，让他们有成就感，迅速进入状态。句型复习采用翻译句子+背诵范文的方法。词汇基础知识狂背：I.常考的完形填空词汇及短语：（注意它们在完形中出现的几率极高，完形30分志在必得，现在开始狂背。）（1）词汇1content n内容，目录，容量；满足adj.满足的；满意的vt.使满足be content withbe satisfied wi

2、th对感到满足/满意be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.愿意做某事content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对满意in content and form 在内容和形式上提示：content 用做形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如：a contented expression“满足的表情”； content 前的修饰词用 well，而不用 very。2astonish vt. 使吃惊；使惊讶astonishing adj. 令人十分惊异的astonished adj. 感到十分惊

3、讶的astonishment n. 惊讶to ones astonishment 使某人万分惊讶的是in astonishment 惊讶地be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃惊3entertain vt.&vi. 使快乐，款待entertaining adj. 引人发笑的，有趣的，娱乐的entertainment n. 招待，款待，娱乐entertain sb. with sth. 用使某人快乐entertain sb. to sth. 用招待/款待某人give an entertainment to sb

4、. 招待某人4overe v. 战胜；克服；征服be overe by sth.使某人垮掉，使某人昏迷be overe with emotion/excitement/horror/grief因情感/兴奋/恐怖/悲伤而不能自持5convince vt.使确信，使信服，使认识convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的convinced adj.确信的；深信的；坚信的convince sb. of sth. 说服某人相信某事convince sb. that. 使某人信服(相信)be convinced of. 确信be/feel firmly convinced that. 确信；笃信

5、；坚信6direct vt.&vi. 导演；指挥；指示adj. 径直的；直接的；直率的adv. 直接地direct sth. to/towards sth./sb.direct sth. at/against sth./sb.把对准(某方向或某人)direct sb. to sp. 给某人指路，为某人领路direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事that 从句(用虚拟语气)the direct road/train 直通道路/直达列车be in direct contact with sb. 与某人有直接的联系go direct to sp. 直接去某地7particul

6、ar adj. 特殊的，特别的，挑剔的 n. 细节，细目be particular to 是特有的be particular about/over sth. 对讲究，挑剔in particular 尤其，特别，格外8whisper v&n.低语，耳语，私语；私下说，低声地说in a whisper (in whispers) 低声地whisper about sth. 密谈某事It is whispered that. 有人私下说whisper to sb. 对某人窃窃私语提示：whisper 后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词 to, 即whisper sth. to s

7、b. whisper to sb. sth.。类似结构还有：announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议report sth. to sb. 向某人报告9react vi.&vt. 反应，反抗；起化学反应，起作用react to sth. 对作出反应react on (upon)对起作用，对有影响，对起反应react against 反抗，反对10represent vt.代表，象征；作为的代表或代理人representation n

8、代表，代表团，代理representative adj.代表性的 n代表，代理人represent sb. as/to be 宣称某人为represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事represent sth./sb. as sth./sb. 把描绘成11curious adj.好奇的，爱探究的，奇怪的，难以理解的curiously adv. 好奇地，奇怪地curiosity n. 好奇心；古玩be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 渴望做from/out of curiosity 出于好奇meet/satisfy o

9、nes curiosity 满足某人的好奇心with curiositycuriously 好奇地12approach vt. 向靠近；接近n. 入门，接近；方法，途径approach sb. on/about sth. 与某人接洽/商量某事approach to 接近；近似；(做某事)的方法(途径)a new approach to language teaching 一种新的语言教学方法at the approach of 在快到的时候make approaches to sb.和某人打交道13defend vt. 保卫，防卫，为辩护defense/defence n. 防卫，防御defe

10、nse works 防御工事，防御工程a defense satellite 防御卫星defend ones argument 为某人的论点辩护defend.against. 保护，防御defend.from(harm) 保护不受(伤害)14likely adj. 可能的 adv. 很可能Its likely that.Sb./Sth. be likely to do.是可能的。not likely (坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会15ease n. 安逸；舒适vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)at ease 舒适，快活，自由自在with ease 轻易地，毫不费力地feel/look at ease

11、 感到/看上去心情放松put/set sb. at ones ease 使某人放松、松弛take ones ease 休息，轻松一下16various adj. 不同的，各种各样的variety n变化，多样性，种类vary vt.&vi. 使不同，变化a variety of varieties of.all sorts of/all types of各种各样的17amusement n. 消遣；娱乐(活动)amuse vt. 使发笑，使愉快；娱乐amusing adj. 有趣的，逗乐的amused adj. 感到快乐的in amusement 开心地to ones (great) amus

12、ement 令人感到(极)好笑的是amuse sb./oneself by doing 通过做来取乐amuse sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴be amused at/by 对感到好笑18preserve vt.保护，维护，保存(以免受破坏)；保留n保护区preserve sb./sth. from sth.保护免受preservation n维护；保护；保持；保养19advance v前进；提前 n前进，提升advanced adj. 先进的，高级的advance on/upon/toward. 向推进/挺进advance (sb.) to.提升(某人)为make advanc

13、es (in) (在 方面)进步，进展in advance 预先，提前advanced technology 先进技术20admission n. 承认(罪行)；允许进入admit vt.&vi. 承认；供认；准许进入；接纳；容纳make an admission of sth.admit sth. 承认某事admit doing sth. 承认做某事admit of sth. 容许某事admit of no doubt 不容怀疑admit to 承认；通向admit that 从句承认admit sb./sth. into sth. 允许进入admit sb./sth. as/to be 承

14、认某人或某物为（2）短语1badly off 穷的；缺少的be badly off 拮据，贫穷be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够be short of/lack ofbe well off 有钱的，富裕的be well off for sth.某方面是充裕的2pick out 选出；选拔；分辨出；领会pick on 选择(某人或某物)作受罚(挨骂、干不愉快的工作)的对象pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转pick off 摘下，摘掉；逐个地(或有选择地)瞄准射中3cut off 切掉，割掉，分离，隔离(常跟 from)，中断c

15、ut across 抄近路穿过；对直穿过cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏cut in 插嘴；突然插入cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/切碎cut out 切掉；删掉cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心4in general 总的来说；通常as a general rule 一般而言；通常，总之generally speaking 一般而言Its generally believed that. 普遍认为拓展：on the whole总的来说generally speaking一般说来as a w

16、hole就整体上来看in a word总之As a whole, the book is worth reading.就整体来看，这本书值得看。5get close to 接近close to 靠近；几乎keep a close eye/watch on 密切注视；严密监视close up/to 在近处close up to 离很近6e to life 活跃起来，变得更有趣，使人更兴奋e (back) to life/ones senses 苏醒过来e to oneself 恢复常态e to sb. (主意、办法等)被想出e to sth. 合计，共计，达到e to a conclusion

17、作出结论e to an end 结束e to nothing (no good) 没有结果(好处)e to sb.s attention 受到注意e to the point 谈正题（3）易混易错点拨1.direct/directly(1)direct 用于具体意义，指“中途不停地，径直地”。(2)directly 多用于抽象意义，表示“直接地”，还有“立即，马上”等意思。directly 还可用做连词引导时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as。用 direct和directly 填空(1)_ he came in, everyone was quiet.(2)He went _ to t

18、he airport.(3)The measure affects me _.Directly direct directly2. especially/specially/particularly(1)especially 强调程度，意为“特别，尤其”。(2)specially 强调目的，多指为某一特定目的而专门做某事。(3)particularly 表“特别地，尤其地”，可以与 especially 互换，但 particularly 还可作“详细地，细致地”讲。用 especially, specially, particularly 填空(1)The doctor told the p

19、atient _ not to drink.(2)I like the country, _in spring.(3)Please describe the event fully and _.specially especially/particularlyparticularly3.represent/on behalf of/stand for(1)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表什么”“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”。(2)on behalf of只能用做状语，表示“代表/代替某人”。(3)stand for往往用来表示

20、“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”。用represent/stand for/on behalf of填空(1)He _ our school to take part in the petition and all of us were proud of him.(2)_ everyone here, I wish you a very happy holiday.(3)What does the letter “E” _？represented On behalf of stand for4. protect/defend/guard(1)protect指采取一定措施，使用某些器具以

21、保护人或物免遭损害，使用范围广泛。(2)defend着重指用武力抵御攻击和侵犯。(3)guard强调通过看守警戒，以确保安全。(1)The PLA Navy _ the coastline of our motherland.中国人民解放军海军守卫着我们祖国的海岸线。(2)We must _ the children from harm.我们必须保护儿童免受伤害。(3)We shall _ our country, whatever cost may be.无论付出什么代价，我们都要保卫我们的祖国。guard protect defend5. likely/probable/possible(

22、1)likely 强调表面上看来有可能，与 probable 意思接近，有时可以互换，但 likely 常暗示从表面迹象来判断。常用句型：Sth./Sb. be likely to do.It is likely that.(2)probable 表示有几分根据的推测，比 possible 表示的可能性大。换句话说，probable的“有可能”，是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。常用句型：It is probable that.(3)possible 表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用句型：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.It is

23、possible that.sth. is possibleas quickly/much/soon.as possible(1)It is _ that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesnt seem _.(2)The weather is _ to be fine.(3)It is _ for us to get from Beijing to Tianjin in less than an hour.possible probable likely possible6. close/closely(1)close 作副词用时，意

24、为“在附近；靠近地”，多用来修饰由介词引导的短语，表示具体概念。(2)closely 为副词，意为“密切地”，多用来修饰动词或过去分词，表示抽象意义。(1)Three men were standing very _ in the corner.三个人紧挨着站在角落里。(2)The problem is _ connected with that one.这个问题与那个问题有密切的联系。close closely7. be famous for/be famous as/be famous to(1)be famous/known for 因而出名(2)be famous/known as 作

25、为而出名(3)be famous/known to 对于来说出名用 for, as, to 填空New York is famous _ the world _ its skyscrapers _ a developed city.to for asII.重点句型背诵1.as在此引导定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，此时，定语从句的位置比较灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，译为“正如，正像”。As all his friends agree, he was unusually warmhearted, loving and generous.正如他所有的朋友都认为的那样，他非常热心、可亲、慷慨。I am

26、 as you can imagine short enough of money.正如你所想象的那样，我很缺钱。He was a teacher, as was clear from his manner.正如根据他的举止所断定的，他是一位老师。2.句型 Sb. happens to do sth.可以转换成 It happens that sb. does sth.，但使用时要注意复合句中从句谓语的时态要与简单句中的动词不定式的形式相呼应。When I went to see him, he happened to be away on holiday.(When I went to se

27、e him, it happened that he was away on holiday.)我去看他时，他碰巧在外度假。Joseph came to borrow my skiing boards yesterday, but I happened to have lent them to my cousin last week.(.but it happened that I lent them to my cousin last week.)约瑟夫昨天来借滑雪板，不巧的是我上星期借给我的表弟了。3.部分否定(1)not all.是部分否定，与 not构成部分否定的词还有：both, e

28、very, everyone, everywhere, everybody, everything, always, entirely, wholly, altogether。Not every student passed the exam.并非所有的学生都通过了考试。Not all of us can speak English.并非我们都会说英语。提示：表示全部否定的词有：none, nobody, neither, never, nothing, nowhere, no one, not at all。 (2)本句后半句是 nor 引起的倒装句，nor 位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。S

29、he doesnt like dance, nor does her sister.她不喜欢跳舞，她姐姐也不喜欢。归纳拓展：含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装：含有否定意义的副词放在句首，如：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等。Never before has our country been as united as it is today. 我们国家从没像现在这样团结。含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如： neither.nor, no sooner.than., scarcely.when., hardly.when.等。No so

30、oner had he left home than it began to rain.他一出家门天就开始下雨。含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首，如： by no means, in no time, in no case, on no account等。On no account must you accept any money against your conscience.你无论如何不能违背自己的良心而得到钱财。4.No wonder句型(It is) No wonder (that). 难怪；并不奇怪(It is) No wonder you were late! 难怪你来晚了！(It is) No wonder that he was so t