广东省佛山市顺德区江义初级中学届中考英语第六节形容词和副词复习无答案.docx

1、广东省佛山市顺德区江义初级中学届中考英语第六节形容词和副词复习无答案第六节 形容词和副词中考导航考点广东省卷近五年中考统计高频考点201020112012201320141.形容词的用法2.副词的用法3.形容词和副词的比较等级考情分析：从近五年考查情况来看，形容词和副词是重要考点，其中2011、2012、2014年均考查了其中的两个考点，形容词和副词的比较等级是每年的必考点。2015年备考时应掌握好形容词和副词的比较等级，对常见的形容词和副词的词义的辨析也应注意。考点突破 考点1. 形容词的用法() 形容词是用来说明人或食物特征、性质或状态的词。考纲中要求掌握的用法如下：用法位置例句注意作定语

2、放在名词前This is an interesting book.作表语放在系动词之后The book is interesting.Leaves turn yellow in autumn. You look very happy. 系动词主要有:be动词、三变化(turn,get,become),五感官(feel,sound,look,smell,taste)以及keep和seem等。作宾补放在宾语后，常与keep，make，find，feel，think等动词连用We should keep our classroom clean and tidy. What he said made

3、me happy.常用于下面的句型中：keep sth +adj.make sb+adj.find/feel/think it+adj.to do sth【拓展知识】 1.-ed形容词多表示人对事物的感受,主语一般是人；-ing形容词多表示事物对人产生的影响,一般用来修饰物。 如:He felt excited after watching the exciting match. 2.大多数形容词既可以作定语,又可以作表语,但是asleep,awake,afraid,ill(生病的),well等只能作表语。 3.enough作形容词时,常位于名词之前；作副词时,位于被修饰词之后。如: enou

4、gh water;fast enough 4.else常和疑问词、不定代词(something,nobody,everyone)或某些副词连用,并位于其后。 5.形容词修饰复合不定代词(something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody, nobody,everybody, everyone)时，要放在不定代词的后面。 如：The teacher has something important to tell us.老师有一些重要的事情要告诉我们。 6.在英语中有些动词的过去分词用作形容词，常见的有:worried，close

5、d，lost，married等。连系动词跟这些由动词的过去分词构成的形容词，成为系表结构。 如getbe married(结婚)，get dressed(自己穿衣)，be lost(迷路、丢失)，look worried(看上去很焦虑)等。如: The old woman looked worried. 那个老妇女看上去很焦虑。 You should keep the door closed. 你应该把门关上。 7.常见的现在分词用作形容词的有:rising，living，boring，tiring,relaxing，interesting等。如: It was a tiring journe

6、y. 这是一趟累人的旅行。 I want to read an interesting book. 我想读一本有趣的书。 注意:过去分词一般用来表示人的感觉，现在分词一般用来表示主语的性质和特点。 如: They were relaxed on the beach. 他们在沙滩上很放松。 We want a relaxing vacation. 我们想要一个放松的假期。 母题训练中考预测( )1. Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011 ? Yes, but I think its .I fell asleep when I s

7、aw it. A.exciting B.boring C.bored D.excited ( )2 .Why are you so ,Amy? I thought I lost my purse,but I didnt.I found it in my schoolbag. A.angry B.happy C.sad D.nervous 考点2. 副词的用法() 1.副词的用法 副词一般充当状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词,此外还可修饰整个句子, 副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。如 :Its raining heavily now.It often rains

8、 in our hometown. 2.副词的分类 (1) 时间副词:ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often,sometimes, never, ever等。 (2)地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。 (3)程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 (4)疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。 (5)方式副词:quickly, slo

9、wly, carefully, loudly,strongly, badly, happily等。 3.形容词变成副词的规律 (1)直接加ly构成：quickquickly, carefulcarefully, suddensuddenly (2)以辅音字母加le结尾的词，去e加y：terribleterribly (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，改y为i，再加ly; heavyheavily (4)其他变化：truetruly fullfully (5)形容词与副词同形的：fast，early，hard，high，straight等 (6)daily，lovely，friendly，lonel

10、y，ugly，likely等是形容词，不是副词。 (温馨提示:易混形容词、副词辨析是形容词、副词的重要考点，具体内容详见本书P113116。) 母题训练中考预测( )1. Take care when you are driving, in a summer storm like this. A.immediately B.especially C.probably D.recently ( )3. Can you pass my glasses to me, Betty? I can see the words on the blackboard. A.really B.hard C.onl

11、y D.hardly ( )2. Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titannic last night? No, I go to the cinema.The tickets are too expensive. A.hardly B.nearly C.still D.only ( )4. We dont want to speak badly or in front of the class. A.clearly B.carefully C.carelessly D.properly 考点3. 形容词和副词的比较等级() 1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成

12、 (1)单音节和少数双音节形容词比较级和最高级的构成规律: 一般单词都是在词尾加er，est构成。如:great(greater，greatest)，hard(harder，hardest),cheap(cheaper，cheapest)等。 如果单词以字母e结尾(e不发音)，直接加上r，st。如:wide(wider，widest)，large(larger，largest)等。 以重读闭音节结尾的单音节词，需双写词尾的辅音字母，再加er，est。如:hot(hotter，hottest)，big(bigger，biggest)等。这个变化规则与现在分词、过去式和过去分词的拼写规则一样。 以

13、辅音字母+y结尾的双音节形容词要变y为i，再加er，est。如:early(earlier，earliest)，happy(happier，happiest)等。 少数以er结尾的双音节形容词，其比较级和最高级也是加er，est。如:clever(cleverer，cleverest)。 (2)多音节形容词比较级、最高级的构成规律: 多音节形容词一般要在形容词前加more或most构成比较级、最高级形式。如:more interesting(更有趣的)，the most dangerous(最危险的)等。如:Todays meeting is the most important of all

14、. 今天的会议最为重要。 (3)不规则形容词的比较级、最高级: 常见的不规则形容词的比较级形式有good，well，bad，ill，many，little，few，far，old这几个单词。不规则变化的形容词比较级和最高级形式的变化规律归纳如下: 原级比较级最高级good(好的)， well(健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)，ill(有病的)worseworstmany，much(多的)moremostlittle，few(小的，少的)less，fewerleast，fewestfar(远的)fartherfurtherfarthestfurthestold(年岁大的)olderel

15、deroldesteldest(4)不规则副词的比较级、最高级: clearlymore clearlymost clearly(以形容词+ly结尾的副词，都加more，most构成比较级、最高级) latelaterlatest wellbetterbest badly(坏)worseworst much(多)moremost little(少)lessleast far(远)farther(更远地)farthest(最远) far(远)further(更远地)furthest(最远) 比较等级变化口诀 比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。 词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。 一辅重读闭音节，辅音

16、字母要双写。辅音字母加y，要把y改i。 最高级加-est，前面加the莫忘记。 形容词若是多音节，只把more,most前面写。FK) 巩固练习写出下列词语的比较级和最高级的形式。 1.long 2.slow 3.nice 4.late 5.big 6.hot 7.fat 8.thin 9.easy 10.happy 11.careful 12.interesting 13.good，well 14.bad,ill,badly 15.many，much 16.little 17.far 参考答案1.longer longest 2.slower slowest 3.nicer nicest 4

17、.later latest 5.bigger biggest 6.hotter hottest 7.fatter fattest 8.thinner thinnest 9.easier easiest 10.happier happiest 11.more careful the most careful 12.more interesting the most interesting 13.better best 14.worse worst 15.more most 16.less least 17.farther(further) farthest(furthest)2.形容词、副词原级

18、的用法 (1)“A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B”表示A、B两者程度相同。如: Jim is running as fast as Bruce.They are neck and neck. 吉姆和布鲁斯跑得一样快，他们旗鼓相当。 (2)“A+谓语动词的否定式+asso+原级+as+B”表示“A不如B”。如: Luckily，the weather is not so(as) bad as yesterday. 幸好天气没有昨天那样糟。 3.形容词、副词比较级的用法 比较级表示两者之间的比较，常用的有如下的结构: (1)“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”表示“A比 B”。如 :He ru

19、ns much faster than Tom. 他比汤姆要跑得快得多。 在比较级前用much，even，still等词修饰，表示加强语气。如: He did his homework much more carefully than her. 他做家庭作业要比她仔细得多。 (2)“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”，或者“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+the other+名词复数(+介词短语)”表示“A比任何人或物 都”， 有“A是最”的意思。如: Chongqing is larger than any other city in Sichuan

20、.=Chongqing is larger than the other cities in Sichuan. 重庆比四川的任何城市都大。 (3)“A+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+ ”句型，表示“两者中较的”。如: He is the more careful of the two engineers.他是两名工程师中较细心的一个。 (4) “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。如: Winter is coming and the days are getting colder and colder. 冬天要到了，天变得越来越冷了。 (5)“the+比较级，the+比

21、较级”，表示“越就 越”。 如: The harder you work,the better grades you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就越好。 (6)“A+谓语动词+less+原级+than+B”表示“A不如 B”。如 : I think pop music is less beautiful than classic music. 我认为流行音乐没有古典音乐那么好听。 【拓展知识】 比较级前面一般没有定冠词the，但遇到以下句型时要用the. He is the heavier of the two boys.他是两个男孩子中更重的那个。 Lily is the cle

22、verer of the twins.莉莉是双胞胎中更聪明的那个。 4.形容词、副词最高级的用法 最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内或某类人物中“最”，常用的有如下的结构: (1)“主语+谓语动词+the+最高级+(单数名词)+inof短语”。如: Who is the strongest of the four boys? 谁是那四个男孩中最强壮的? 注意:表示最高级必须有一定的范围。 (2)“主语+谓语动词+one of the+最高级+复数名词+inof短语”表示“是最之一”。如: She is one of the most beautiful girls in the

23、school. 她是学校里最漂亮的女孩之一。 (3)“特殊疑问词+谓语动词+the+最高级+A，B，or C?”用于三者或三者以上的比较。 如: Which is the heaviest，an elephant，a horse or a cow? 大象、马、牛哪个最重? 母题训练中考预测( )1. Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of ocean parks in Asia. A.very large B.the larger C.much larger D.the largest ( )6. Do you like

24、eating fish, Wang Hai? Of course.Nothing can be , I think. A.delicious B.beautiful C.more delicious D.more beautiful ( )2. What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei? Wonderful.I think its than the other films about youth in recent years. A.the best B.the worst C.much better D.much

25、worse ( )7. I had to call a taxi because the box was than Id expected. A.heavy B.heavier C.the heavier D.the heaviest ( )3. Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province.Its one that I have ever heard of. A.a very serious B.a more serious C.the most serious D.the least serious ( )8

26、. Who listens ,Tom,Jack or Bill? A.the most carefully B.more carefully C.the most careful D.more careful ( )4. Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is.But he writes than us.So he cant get good grades in writing. A.most carefully B.more carefully C.less carefully D.least carefully ( )9. We l

27、ost the match because they had players.They had eleven but we had only nine. A.stronger B.younger C.fewer D.more ( )5. How are you feeling today? Much .I can go to school next week. A.good B.better C.best D.well ( )10. The you work at your lessons, the results you will get. A.hard; good B.harder; go

28、od C.hard; better D.harder; better 课堂小测 ( )1. Da Shan is at Chinese.He can speak Chinese very . A.good, good B.well, well C.good, well D.well, good ( )2. Mr.Black used to be busy.But now hes retired and , so he has plenty of time to exercise. A.hard B.calm C.free D.nervous ( )3. How Cindy grows! She

29、s almost as tall as her mother now. A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight ( )4. Although Ms Zhou is an old lady, she is always in the pink. Yes.Because she exercises every day and eats a balanced diet. A.healthy B.lucky C.beautiful D.creative ( )5. That clothes store is on weekends.I see.Ill go there ne

30、xt Monday then. A.open B.close C.opened D.closed ( )6. It is for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English. A.bad B.easy C.hard D.right ( )7. Where shall we eat tonight?Lets call Harry.He knows the best places to go. A.only B.nearly C.seldom D.always ( )8. Its said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful. T