版新高考英语考前保分训练江苏版课件+讲义 专题一 第3节.docx

1、版新高考英语考前保分训练江苏版课件+讲义 专题一 第3节第3节名词性从句高频考点梳理1.what可以引导主、宾、表从句，同时what 在从句中也可作主、宾、表。This is the dress.This is what I have been dreaming of.这就是那条裙子，这是我一直梦想的东西。2.that引导主语从句，位于句首时绝对不可省略。That we do morning exercises every day obviously does us good.每天做早操显然对我们有好处。3.分隔同位语从句。Nobody believed his reason for bein

2、g absent from the class that he had to meet his uncle at the airport.没有人相信他不来上课的原因：他必须去机场接叔叔。4.whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。下列情况只能用whether不能用if引导从句：作介词的宾语时；在discuss，decide后引导宾语从句时；和or not直接连用时；与动词不定式连用时。It all depends on whether they will come back.这完全取决于他们是否会回来。Whether they can take our advice i

3、s a question.问题是他们能否接受我们的建议。5.名词性从句必须用自然语序。You cant imagine how excited they were when they received these nice Christmas presents.你想象不到他们收到这些很好的圣诞礼物时多么激动。6. 两个并列的宾语从句，第二个that不可省略。Having checked (that) the doors were closed and that all the lights were off，the boy went to bed.检查完所有的门都关着、所有的灯都熄灭了以后，这

4、个男孩睡觉去了。7. 定语从句与同位语从句中that 的区别：that引导同位语从句时只起连接作用，不充当任何成分；that引导定语从句时，在从句中要作成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。He told me the news that our team won.(that引导同位语从句)他告诉了我我们队获胜的消息。The news that he told me was very exciting.(that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语)他告诉我的那个消息很令人激动。8.“wh-ever”既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；“no matter wh-”只能引导让步状语从句，可以和“wh-ev

5、er”互换。Whatever/No matter what I said，he wouldnt listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不会听我的。He would believe whatever I said.我说什么他都相信。9.介词后面一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。You may depend on it that they will support you.你放心，他们会支持你的。10.某些动词：enjoy，hate，have，hide，like，love，appreciate，take等后面不能直接跟宾语从句，需要用it作

6、形式宾语，再把从句放到后面。I would appreciate it if you could help me.如果你能帮我，我会很感激。11.reason作主语，后面的表语从句表示原因时，只能用that引导，不能用why或because引导。The reason why he didnt attend school was that he was ill.他没来上学的原因是他病了。12.动词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时，其后的宾语从句常用that作连接词；用在肯定句中时，连接词用whether或if均可，而不用that。名词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时，一般用that引导同位语从句

7、；用在肯定句中时，一般用whether引导同位语从句。I doubt whether/if he is at home.我怀疑他是否在家。There is no doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.毫无疑问他们会提前完成任务。高考题组1.Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.(2019江苏，25)A.what B.thatC.which D.where答案B解析考查同位语从句。句意为：科学家

8、已经获得更多的证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是evidence的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，故用连接词that。2.By boat is the only way to get here，which is _ we arrived.(2018江苏，21)A.where B.whenC.why D.how答案D解析句意为：坐船是到达这里的唯一方法，这就是我们如何(how)到达的。where表地点；when表时间；why表原因；how表方式。3.The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place i

9、n the bicycle race.(2018天津，9)A.whomever B.whereverC.whoever D.whatever答案C解析句意为：金牌将被授予在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后是宾语从句，从句中动词wins前缺主语，而且金牌给的是“人”，故用whoever引导宾语从句。whomever在从句中作宾语，故排除。4.Without his support，we wouldnt be _ we are now.(2018北京，11)A.how B.whenC.where D.why答案C解析根据句意可知应该选C项，where引导表语从句。句意为：假如没有他的支持，我

10、们就不会取得现在的成就。5.This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018北京，15)A.how B.whichC.that D.what答案D解析这是一个含有表语从句的复合句，所选答案在从句中作teach的直接宾语，因此应该选D项。how不能用作宾语；which引导表语从句时意为“哪个，哪些”，不合逻辑；that引导表语从句时在从句中不作成分。句意为：这就是父亲教我的总是直面困难，并且抱最大的希望。6.We choose this hotel because th

11、e price for a night here is down to $20，half of_ it used to charge.(2017江苏，26)A.that B.whichC.what D.how答案C解析句意为：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。从句意看，本句的half of部分在句中作 $20的同位语，由此可知这里要用what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中又作charge的宾语，因此选C。7.She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library，and I

12、admitted that I hadnt.(2017天津，4)A.when B.whereC.whether D.what答案C解析句意为：她问我是否(whether)已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认还没还。when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么，均不符合语境。8.Every year，_ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017北京，23)A.whatever B.whoeverC.whomever D.whichever答案B解析句意为：每年，在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人会赢

13、得奖品。whoever无论谁，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于anyone who。whomever在句中只能作宾语，不合题意；whatever任何的事物(无范围)；whichever无论哪个，无论哪些。9.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing _ she was heading.(2017北京，26)A.why B.whereC.how D.when答案B解析句意为：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，并不知道要去哪里(where)。why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候。10.The most pleasan

14、t thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京，29)A.what B.thatC.whether D.why答案B解析句意为：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰尘的袭扰。分析句子结构可知is后的表语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故选B。11.It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏，21)A.why B.what C.as D.that答案D解析句意为：通常情况下，

15、对于那些心存希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故要用that引导。12.The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016天津，11)A.whether B.thatC.which D.what答案B解析句意为：经理提了个建议我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选B项。

16、13.Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.(2016北京，24)A.However B.WhoeverC.Whatever D.Wherever答案C解析句意为：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语，且引导主语从句，故用whatever。14._ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.(2015江苏，25)A.That B.WhyC.Where D.

17、How答案C解析句意为：李白，一位伟大的中国诗人，其出生地是众所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它。“Where Li Bai.was born”作该句子的主语，表示“李白出生的地方”。15.I truly believe _ beauty comes from within.(2015北京，33)A.that B.whereC.what D.why答案A解析句意为：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词，故选A。16._ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(2015北京，35)A.Where B.HowC.W

18、hy D.When答案B解析句意为：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。 分析句子结构可知“_ we understand things”为主语从句，结合句意可知选B。17.If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2015浙江，6)A.what B.whoC.that D.whoever答案A解析句意为：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话，务必调查清楚水面之

19、下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。分析句子结构可知，此处investigate后接了宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。who与whoever都可以作主语，但是不符合句意；that在名词性从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。18.A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not_ ships are built for.(2015安徽，25)A.what B.whomC.why D.when答案A解析句意为：船停在港口里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isnt后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，故选A。why和when是连接副词，

20、不能作宾语；whom指人。19.I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.(2015福建，29)A.where B.howC.why D.if答案B解析句意为：我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持那么好的身材的。通过每天锻炼。根据回答by doing可知问的是方式。20.You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2015湖南，26)A.what B.thatC.

21、where D.who答案C解析句意为：你如果要计划到达那里的最好的方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子结构可知，know后的_ youre going是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。模拟题组1.You need to provide a hard argument as to _ the exam scheme will be reformed.As you see，teachers and students have too much burden.A.where B.whenC.how D.why答案D解析考查宾语从句。句意为：你需要就改革考试制度的原因提出一个有力的论

22、据。正如你所看到的，老师和学生的负担过重了。从答语来看，改革的原因是老师和学生的负担太重了，从句中缺少原因状语，故D项正确。2.In many ways，the magic of AI is _ its not something you can see or touch.A.whether B.whatC.that D.why答案C解析考查名词性从句。句意为：在很多方面，人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看见或触摸到的。“_ its not something you can see or touch”是表语从句，该从句意思和结构完整，解释人工智能的神奇之处在何处，故应用that引导该从句。故

23、选C。3.Nicholas was very kind，merciful and generous.This is _ Father Christmas is based on.A.where B.howC.what D.why答案C解析考查名词性从句连接词。句意为：尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈和慷慨。这就是圣诞老人的由来。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈和慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。4.People crowd into _ cherry trees are blooming，appreciating the

24、 fresh spring sight.A.what B.whenC.which D.where答案D解析考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：人们涌向樱花盛开的地方，欣赏清新的春光。从句作介词into的宾语，且从句缺少地点状语。what什么；when什么时候；which哪一个；where哪儿。故选D。5.The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg.Its about _ youre made of，not the circumstances.A.that B.whatC.how D.who答案B解析考查名词性从句的连接词

25、。句意为：同样的沸水使土豆变软，使鸡蛋变硬。重要的是你是由什么构成的，而不是环境。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事物，用what，故选B。6.As a result of _ is now known in physics and chemistry，scientists have been able to make important discoveries in biology and medicine.A.what B.itC.which D.that答案A解析考查宾语从句。句意为：由于在物理学和化学上已知的知识的原因，科学家们已经能够在生物学和医药上取得重要发现。分析句子可知，_

26、 is now known in physics and chemistry为宾语从句，作of的宾语，分析从句，缺乏主语，故用连接代词，故选A。which表示在范围内的某一个，本句没有范围，故排除。7._ has caused great confusion is _ he made it without anyone elses help.A.What；that B.What；howC.It；how D.It；that答案B解析考查名词性从句。句意为：让人极为困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。表示“让人困惑的事情”用what引导主语从句，表示“如何做到的”用how表方式，引导

27、表语从句。故选B。8.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A.how B.thatC.which D.whether答案B解析考查名词性从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句，指代belief的具体内容，同时从句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导，故选B项。9.All the mistakes I ever made in my life were _ I wanted to say “N

28、o” but said “Yes”.A.how B.thatC.whether D.when答案D解析考查表语从句。句意为：我的人生中所犯的所有错误都是当我想要说“不”的时候却说了“是”。句中when引导表语从句，在句中充当时间状语。A、C两项与句意不符；that在名词性从句中不作成分，故D项正确。10.It is very encouraging to see _ Beijing 2022 is using its potential to maximize the use of existing stadiums.A.how B.whyC.when D.whether答案A解析考查名词性从

29、句。根据句子的意思，看到北京如何发挥自己的潜能以最大化利用现有体育馆是非常鼓舞人心的，从句中缺少表示方式的状语，故选A。11.Nowadays，some people tend to drink and gamble for the sake of _ they call the circles，which is definitely stupid.A.why B.howC.where D.what答案D解析考查连接词。句意为：如今，有些人为了所谓的“圈子”而喝酒和赌博，这绝对是愚蠢的。分析句子可知，of 后接宾语从句，在宾语从句中，连接词what作call的宾语。故D选项正确。12.It i

30、s known to us all that _ we learn at present is closely linked with our future.A.how B.whetherC.whatever D.whichever答案C解析句意为：众所周知，我们目前所学的任何东西都与我们的将来有密切的关系。本题中that引导的是主语从句，而主语从句中还包含主语从句，_ we learn at present作从句的主语。通过对句子结构的分析，不难发现learn缺少宾语，应用whatever作learn的宾语。whichever表示有一定的范围，可排除。13.Completed in 1891，in _ was known as The Gilded Age，the five-story mansion is now owned by a famous actor who decides to stage a special production of Sha