状语从句精讲精练.docx

1、状语从句精讲精练状语从句用法详解 一、时间状语从句Awhen, while, as, whenever;when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。1whenwhen表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。When I got home, my family were already having dinner.我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。【注意】当when意思是正当时候（and at that moment）时，when只能跟在前一分句之后。He was about to go to bed when the doorbel r

2、ang.他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out.他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。They had just arrived home when it began to rain.他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。2whilewhile通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.她在看报的时候睡着了。while

3、有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成而。I am fond of English while he likes math.我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。We slept while the captain kept watch.我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。While they love the children, they are strict with them.虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。3asas表示 一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。They talked as they walked.他们边走边聊。as表示随着

4、，此用法不用when或while替代。As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。4wheneverwhenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。You are always welcome whenever you come.无论你何时来都欢迎。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。Bbefore, after1before表示在一段时间之前。I must

5、 finish all the work beforeI go home.回家之前我必须干完所有的活。He had learned English for three years before he went to London.他去伦敦之前已学了三年英语。提示：before 从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到.就.；还没来得及就作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/ could。He ran off before I could stop him.我还没来得及阻止他，他就跑掉了。The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.我没坐多

6、久他就回来了。Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。【必背】before 常用句型 It will be + 时间段+before+ 一般现在时：要等多久才. It will be five years before we meet again.五年以后我们才能再见。It wont be long before+ 一般现在时：等不了多久就会 It will not be long before you regret what you have done.不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。It was

7、 +时间段+before +一般过去时：等了多久就 It was minutes before the police arrived.过了几分钟警察才到。It wasnt long before+ 一般过去时：没等多久就 It was not long before I realized I was wrong.不久我就意识到我错了。【对比】It is/ has been +时间段+since +一般过去时：自从以来到现在已经有多长时间It is three years since the war broke out. 战争爆发以来已有三年。2after表在一段时间之后。Lets play f

8、ootball after school is over.放学后我们踢足球吧。The sun came out soon after the storm stopped.暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。Ctill, until1until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到 为止，主句必须为持续性动词。 We shall wait until till he comes back.我们将一直等到他回来。 (注意它们的拼写) Everything went well until till that accident happened.直到发生那意外之前，一切都正常。2 Notuntil 表示直到才 ，

9、主句通常要用短暂动词 I didnt leave until she came back.直到她回来，我才离开的。 I could hardly understand the theory until my teacher explained it to me.直到老师向我解释我才理解了那个理论。必背：not until句型的倒装句：当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。(Not until+助动词+主语+ 其他) Not until she stopped crying did I leave.直到她不哭了，我才离开的。not until 句型的强调句：句型(It

10、 is/ was not until.that) It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。Dsincesince自以来。主句中通常现在完成时，since从句一般过去时。Where have you been since I last saw you自上次我见过你之后，你去了哪里？Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps.她自年轻时起就一直集邮至今。It is three years since he bega

11、n to smoke.他开始抽烟到现在已三年了。Eas soon asas soon as.可译为一就，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。He rushed home as soon as he got the good news.他一得到这个好消息就奔回家。【必背】一就还可以用on /upon doing 结构来表示。On arriving home he called up Lester.=As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester.他一到家就给莱斯特打电话Fhardly when, no soonerthan这两个短语都表示刚就，可以

12、互换,主句通常用去完成时。He had no sooner started out than he felt homesick.他刚出发就想起家来。He had hardly started his speech when someone rose to refute his points.他刚开始发言,就有人站起来反驳他的论点。【注意】当hardly（=scarcely）, no sooner位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door woke her up.她刚要睡着，忽然敲门声把她吵醒。N

13、o sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began.地上的霜一消散，人们就开始工作了。Gonceonce作连词时，也相当于as soon as，但它含有的条件意味更浓，它引导的从句较短。Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。Once you see him, you will never forget him.你一旦见过他，就不会忘了他的。1.We were swimming in the lake_suddenly the storm started. A.when B

14、.while C.until D.before2.It was evening_ we reached the little town of Winchester. A.that B.until C.since D.before3.You can eat food free in my restaurant_you like. A.whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however4.Scientists say it may be five or six years_it is possible to test this medicine on human pa

15、tients. A.since B.after C.before D.when5.We told that we should follow the main road_we reached the central railway station. A.whenever B.until C.while D.wherever6.It is almost five years_we saw each other last time. A.before B.since C.after D.when7.Simon thought his computer was broken_his little b

16、rother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A.until B.unless C.after D.because8.The American Civil War lasted four years_the North won in the end. A.after B.before C.when D.then9.-Did Jack come back early last night？ -Yes.It was not yet eight oclock_he arrived home. A.before B.when C.tha

17、t D.until10.“You cant have this football back_you promise not to kick it at my cat again.”the old man said firmly. A.because B.since C.when D.until11.I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_I heard the steps. A.while B.when C.since D.after12.-How long do you

18、think it will be_China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？ -Perhaps two or three years. A.when B.until C.that D.before13.-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting？ -He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A.before B.until C.when D.after二、地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever（where的强势语）A. wherewhere

19、 在地方，去地方Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。 I found my books where I had left them.我的书在我原来放的地方找到了。B. whereverwherever在任何地方，无论哪里Wherever you go, you should do your work well.不论到什么地方，都要把工作做好。Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 三、原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因和理由的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as, b

20、ecause, since, now (that),Abecause因为Because I like it, I do it.因为我喜欢，所以我才干。He couldnt have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能见过我，因为当时我不在那儿。【注意】because等词不能与 so连用。【误】Because he was careless, so he failed in the exam.because后接陈述句；复合介词because of后不能直接跟that从句或者是没有引导词的从句，其后可接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。He is her

21、e because of you (that). 他为你(那事)而来这里。He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。【正】I cant do the work because of my illness. 【正】I cant do the work because Im ill. Bsince 既然。引导的从句大多置于句首Since you are all here, lets try and reach a decision.既然大家都来了，咱们就设法做出一个决

22、定吧。Cas 由于。一般多用于句首。As he was not well enough, I had to go without him.由于他身体欠佳，我只好不带他去了。四、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有so that, in order that等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如can, could, may, might, should等。Aso that，in order that表示为了，以便，一般放在主句之后。They hurried so that they might not miss the train.他们为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。In order that

23、everyone present might hear her clearly, she raised her voice again.为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。【注意】当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。We got up early so that we would arrive in time.为了能及时赶到，我们起得很早。They hurried so that they might not miss the train. They hurried so as not to miss

24、the train.五、结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so (that), so-that, such-that等。结果状语从句通常置于主句之后。Bso.that 如此以致。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：1so + 形容词/副词 + that-从句The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。2so + 形容词 + a/ a

25、n + 单数名词 + that-从句It was so hot a day that tey all went swimming.天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited.他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。3so + many/few/much/little +复数名词+ that-从句I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。He has so few friend

26、that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible.昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。【注意】little表示小的时候，前面用suchHe is such a little boy that he cant lift the box. 他是这么小的小小孩，提不到那个箱子Csuch. that such.that 如此以致。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：1such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that-从句 Jenny is s

27、uch a clever girl that all of us like her very much.詹妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至我们都非常喜欢她。2such + 形容词 +复数名词+ that-从句 He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。3such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that-从句He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.他的进步很快，老师表扬了他。1.If you are traveling_the c

28、ustoms are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do. A.in which B.what C.when D.where2.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help_there is human suffering. A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever3.-Mom，what did your doctor say？ -He advised me to live_the air is fresher. A.in

29、where B.in which C.the place where D.where4.Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses_eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A.because B.though C.unless D.if5.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada，_this was a memory she especially tr

30、easured. A.as B.if C.when D.where6.Roses need special care_they can live through winter. A.because B.so that C.even if D.as7.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early_I can have time for a cup of tea. A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that8.Youd better take something to read when you go to see the

31、doctor_you have to wait. A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in order that9.His plan was such a good one_we all agreed to accept it. A.so B.and C.that D.as六、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的有 if, unless, so/ as long asA.if If he doesnt come at 8, we wont wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。 We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。Bunlessunless = i