学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记Unit1Peoplearoundus.docx

1、学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记Unit1Peoplearoundus2015-2016学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记Unit 1 People around usWords W1. person n. 人 pl. persons/ people person是个体名词，泛指人类里面的任何一个。 people作“人”讲时是集体名词，表复数概念，指人类里面的一群。 注意，当people作“民族”讲时是个体名词，复数是peoples。 e.g. Do you know the person over there?People love having cats as pets.

2、The English-speaking peoples share a common language. W2. cheerful adj. 快乐的；高兴的 cheer n. 欢呼 v. 欢呼；使高兴；加油 e.g. Do you know why he is always so cheerful? 各种“高兴；开心；快活；愉快” ： happy joyful joyous merry glad pleased pleasant delighted sunny blissful chipper blithe ecstatic jolly thrilled excited jubilant g

3、leeful exultant elated gay. W3. hard-working adj. 工作努力的；勤奋的 opposite word: lazy adj. 懒惰的 e.g. I think Simon is a hard-working student. 各种“勤奋的；勤勉的” ： diligent industrious assiduous . 注意：hard-working是形容词，work hard是动词词组。 对比：He is a hard-working doctor.He works hard to cure the patients. W4. patient adj

4、. 耐心的 n. 病人 opposite word: impatient adj. 没耐心的 e.g. My mother always goes to that patient doctor.Dont worry! Be patient, please!She is my patient with lung cancer. 以im-开头的表示否定的词与本词对比： patient - impatient possible - impossible polite - impolite perfect - imperfect W5. smart adj. 聪明的；机敏的；时髦的 opposite

5、word: foolish adj. 笨的；愚蠢的 e.g. You are so smart. You can finish that difficult Maths problem in only five minutes.The smart lady is Tinas mother. 各种“聪明的” ： clever intelligent wise acute tack exquisite shrewd knowledgeable . W6. probably adv. 很可能 probable adj. 可能的；大概的 e.g. You are probably right.It w

6、as probably her most popular song. 各种“很可能；或许；也许” ： maybe likely perhaps possibly . W7. forget v. 忘记 forget - forgetting forget - forgot - forgotten opposite word: remember v. 记得 玩转forget： forget后接人或事、物，表示“忘记某人/某事/某物”： e.g. He forgot the name of his primary school class teacher. forget后接to do sth表示“忘

7、记去做某事（还没做）”（forget to do sth）： e.g. Dont forget to reply to Jane in the morning. forget后接doing sth表示“忘记做过某事（做完了）”（forget doing sth）： e.g. He forgot buying that scarf in Paris. 玩转remember： remember后接人或事、物，表示“记得某人/某事/某物”： e.g. Mary remembered her middle school English teacher. remember后接to do sth表示“记得

8、去做某事（还没做）” （remember to do sth）： e.g. You should remember to reply to Jane in the morning. remember后接doing sth表示“忘记做过某事（做完了）” （remember doing sth）： e.g. I remember seeing the man somewhere. W8. smell n. 气味 v. 闻；嗅 e.g. Many people dont like the smell of durians. 玩转smell（作动词）： (1)smell作行为动词时，后面直接跟宾语：

9、e.g. Smell the perfume. Do you like it? (2)smell作系动词时，后接形容词来修饰主语： e.g. The meat smells nice, but tastes terrible. 各种系动词： be am, is, are（状态系动词）；keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand（持续系动词）；seem, appear, look（表象系动词）；feel, sound, smell, taste（感官系动词）； become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run（变化系动词）；p

10、rove, turn out（终止系动词）. W9. care n. 照顾 v. 关心；关注；在乎 e.g. Baby dogs and cats need a lot of care. The only thing he cares about is money. 玩转care： careful adj. 仔细的；小心的 careless adj. 粗心的；漫不经心的 carefully adv. 仔细地；小心地 carelessly adv. 粗心地；草率地 carefulness n. 仔细；慎重 carelessness n. 粗心大意；草率 各种care： (1)care about

11、 sth 担心/在乎某事 e.g. She doesnt care about money. (2)take care of sb 照顾某人 e.g. Ill take care of myself. (3)care for sb 照顾某人（病人） e.g. She cared for her father in his dying year. (4)care for sth 想要某物 e.g. Would you care for a drink? (5)care to do sth 愿意做某事（用于礼貌性话语） = be willing to do sth e.g. Would you c

12、are to wait here, sir? W10. miss v. 想念，怀念；错过；过失 n. 小姐；女士（用于未婚的女性，放在姓之前，要大写） e.g. I miss my classmates in my primary school. He missed the ball. Are you Miss Huang? W11. joke n. 玩笑 v. 说笑话；开玩笑 e.g. He is full of fun. He always tell jokes to make us laugh. I didnt get the joke. They are laughing and jo

13、king together. 玩转joke： play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑 have a joke 说笑话；开玩笑 Are you joking (me)? = Are you kidding (me)? 你在（和我）开玩笑吗？ W12. laugh v. 玩笑 laughter n. 笑；笑声 注意：laugh中的的gh发/ f /音。 e.g. Why are you laughing so happily? 玩转laugh： laugh at 嘲笑. laugh about 讥笑. laugh with 和.一起笑 各种“笑”： smile（微笑） chuckle（咯咯

14、笑） giggle（傻笑） smirk（假笑） titter（窃笑） snigger（暗笑） guffaw（大笑） taunt（嘲笑） deride（嘲笑）chortle（哈哈大笑） cachinnate（哄笑） simper（假笑） roar（狂笑） snicker（偷笑） grin（露齿而笑） ridicule（嘲笑）. W13. remain v. 仍然是；保持不变 (1)remain通常用作系动词，后面可接名词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。 e.g. Peter became a manager, but Jack remained a worker. I asked her a q

15、uestion, but she remained silent. He had to remain in hospital until he was better. The guests came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading. As before, he remained unmoved. (2)remain也可用作不及物动词，表示“剩下；剩余；遗留”，这种情况不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。 e.g. After the fire, very little remained of his house. (3)remain

16、指“某事有待于以后被处置”时，后面常接不定式的被动形式。 e.g. Many problems remain to be solved. (4)remain作名词时表示“剩余物”，一般用其复数形式。 e.g. The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dynasty. (5)remaining和left作为形容词均表示“剩余的”，区别是前者作前置定语，后者作后置定语。 e.g. There are still some apples left. I bought a gift for her with the remaining mone

17、y. W14. strict adj. 严格的；严厉的 e.g. Shes very strict about things like homework. 玩转strict： be strict in sth 在某方面严格 be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict about sth 对某事要求严格 各种“严格”： strict通常用于指对人的行为要求符合规范,一般译为“严格的”; severe多指由于客观需要而不能轻易改变规则和要求,含有冷酷无情之义,一般译为“严厉的”; stern则含有坚定不可动摇之义,多由人的性格所决定,一般译为“严谨的”。（语气上：sever

18、e stern strict） W15. encourage v. 鼓励 e.g. Our PE teacher often encourages us to do more sport. 剖析encourage： encourage本身是由courage延伸出来的，courage作为名词表示“勇气”，加了en-则变成了“给予勇气”，也就是“鼓励”了。我们来认识几组由en-派生出来的词： cage - encage 把关在笼子里 train - entrain 使上火车 plane - enplane 使上飞机 title - entitle 给（文、书）命名 rich - enrich 使.

19、富裕 able - enable 使能够 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 encourage with sth 用的方式鼓励某人 encourage by V-ing 为而鼓舞 encourage sb in sth 在某方面鼓励某人 W16. support n. 支持 v. 支持 supporter n. 支持者 e.g. Betty needs our support. Lets give her a hand. Everybody else said I was wrong but Paul supported me. 玩转support： support

20、 in 在方面给予支持 support on 支撑在上 support with 用支撑 support by 靠得到支持 support sb against sth 支持某人去反对 in support of 支持/证明 (o)各种“支持”： support指道义上或物质上支持某人,也可指对一项事业的支持或赞助; advocate指通过发表演说或写文章来表示支持、拥护,常暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护; uphold指把快要倒下的东西扶直并撑稳,引申指支持正受到攻击或挑战的某人或某事。 W17. successful adj. 获得成功的 success n. 成功 succeed v. 成功

21、successfully adv. 成功地 e.g. Who do you think is the most successful person in the world? 玩转successful： successful at 在方面成功（侧重在行） successful in 在方面成功（侧重成功） successful with 做（事情）成功 W18. member n. 成员；身体部位（尤指胳膊和腿） membership n. 会员资格；会员身份 e.g. There are about 30 members in the Robot Club. W19. paragraph n

22、. 段落 passage n. 文章；篇章 sentence n. 句子 word n. 字；词 e.g. Please read Paragraph 3 and find out the main idea. W20. celebrate v. 庆祝 celebration n. 庆祝；祝贺 e.g. Its your birthday tomorrow, so we must celebrate. W21. gift n.礼物 present n. 礼物 e.g. The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts. W22. hug n. 拥抱

23、e.g. There are about 30 members in the Robot Club. 各种“拥抱”： hug比较通俗,可表示任何形式的拥抱,可表示因为爱情而“拥抱”,也可表示因友情而“拥抱”; embrace则多指因爱情而“拥抱”; clasp则强调拥抱某一特定的部位,如腰、颈等。 W23. perfect adj. 完美的 perfectly adv. 完美的 e.g. He is a perfect gentleman.Expressions E1. as well 除.之外；也 E2. tell jokes 讲笑话 E3. (be) strict about 对要求严格

24、E4. go to work 上班 E5. give up 放弃 E6. take care of 照顾；照料 E7. make fun of 嘲弄；照料 E8. wear glasses 戴眼镜 E9. all day and all night 夜以继日 E10. be good at 擅长（做）Language points LP1. She takes time to help her child. take time 意思是“花时间”，其后面可跟动词不定式（to do）。 e.g. Take time to check your answers before you hand in

25、your test paper, please. hand in 上交（作业、试卷等） LP2. Grandma took care of my family. take care of 意思是“关心；照顾”；和look after意思相近，可相互使用。 e.g. Nurses take care of patients in hospital.=Nurses look after patients in hospital. LP3. I will never forget the taste, and the smell as well. as well与as well as用法总结： (1

26、)as well： as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。 e.g. I am going to London and my sister is going as well. as well 在口语中也可用于句中，作“也好，也行”或“倒不如”解，用来缓和语气。 e.g. You may as well go. as well 可以直接用于just后，用作应答语（可视为Its just as well.的省略），作“幸亏，幸而；无妨；没关系”解。 e.g. We were too late to see the film. Just

27、as well. I hear it isnt very good. (2)as well as： as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，作“也，还”解。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；而用not only .but also.连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。 e.g. Your wife as well as you is friendly to me. as well as 用来表示同级比较，指“一样好”。 e.g. He plays the guitar as well as you. LP4. She often tells me

28、jokes to make me laugh, but she never makes fun of others. (1)tell jokes 意思是“开玩笑”，与have a joke意思相近，但前者可用tell sb jokes表达，后者只能用have a joke with sb来表达。 e.g. She often tells me jokes. = She often have a joke with me. (2)make sb do sth 意思是“使某人做某事”。make后跟动词不定式时，to要省略。 e.g. The teacher made the students do

29、 a lot of homework. (3)make fun of 意思是“嘲弄；取消”，与laugh at 意思相近。 e.g. The older children always make fun of him because of his accent. =The older children always laugh at him because of his accent. LP5. I hope we will always remain friends. remain friends 意思是“还是朋友；保持朋友关系”。 e.g. You must tell me the tru

30、th, if we are to remain friends. LP6. His classes are always full of fun. (1) be full of 意思是“充满；装满”，同义词组是be filled with。 e.g. The bottle is full of milk. = The bottle is filled with milk. (2) fun在这里作名词使用，意思是“乐趣；欢乐”；fun亦可以用作形容词，意思是“有趣的；使人欢乐的”。这句话可以简化为：His classes are always fun. LP7. He uses lots of games in his teaching. (1) lots of 和a lot of 一样，意思是“许多；很多”，后面可接可数名词或不可数名词。如果使用many (a large number of)或much (a large amount of)来表达“许多；很多”的话，注意many (a large number of)后只能接可数名词，much (a large amount