高考英语阅读理解的综合题试题含答案解析.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解的综合题试题含答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Since weve headed into the snowy part of the year, it seems like a good time to solve a language puzzle that Eskimos have a huge number of words for snow. The idea was popularized by the now well-known expert Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s. His number was approxim

2、ately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger. There are two problems with the concept of Eskimos having tons of words for snow. First, Eskimos speak at least two different languagesInuit and Yupik. Just

3、as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European, Inuit and Yupik come from a different common language called Eskimo-Aleut. So saying Eskimos have 100 words for snow is like saying Europeans have 100 words for kings or queens.

4、It might be telling you something broad about culture, but it isnt really telling you much about language. The second problem is What is a word?” The Inuit and Yupik languages make words in different ways from how we make words in English. For example, the West Greenlandic word siku, (sea ice), is u

5、sed as the root for sikursuit (pack ice), Sikuliaq (new ice), and sikurluk (melting ice). But its not that West Greenlandic has so many more words for describing snow than English, its just that West Greenlandic expresses ideas by combining meaningful units of language together into one word while E

6、nglish uses more phrases and compounds. We express all the same ideas; we just do it a little differently because of the way our language is built. So youre probably still wondering, If its not 50 or 100 or 400 words, how many is it? Well, Woodbury lists 15 that are present in a Yupik dictionary pub

7、lished in 1984, but he says that depending on how you look at it this is not an exact number. It could be 12; it could be 24. But its certainly not 100. Sometimes, the hundred words for snow puzzle is used to argue that because Eskimos have so many words for snow, they think about snow in ways that

8、we cant even begin to imaginethat your language decides or limits your thoughts. Languages are just different. They dont decide what we are able to think about or are not able to think about. I can think about snow floating on water even if we dont have a word for that in English. So when youre out

9、skiing or snowboarding or just shoveling your driveway this winter, dont believe the people who try to tell you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.（1）Why are Eskimos thought to have so many words for snow? A.Because snow is everywhere where Eskimos live.B.Because the story about it got enriched an

10、d believed.C.Because snow is of great importance to Eskimos.D.Because Eskimos have great affection for snow.（2）How does the writer explain the first problem? A.By presenting figures.B.By making comparisons.C.By quoting sayings.D.By adopting idioms.（3）The example of the west Greenlandic word siku sho

11、ws that . A.the making of words varies from language to languageB.the Inuit and Yupik languages have more words for snowC.the richness of words and phrases leads to different ideasD.more phrases about snow are found in the English language（4）What conclusion can we safely draw from the last two parag

12、raphs? A.Eskimos better understand snow than other people.B.Languages deeply influence peoples ability to think.C.There is no point counting Eskimos expressions for snow.D.What comes into our mind is limited by our language.【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱斯基摩人描述雪的词语虽然多但并非传言中的100多个。出现这一想象的

13、原因是1. 爱斯基摩人本身就说两种语言，不同的语言就会有不同的描述。2. 词汇方面的融合也使得他们有很多能描述雪的词语。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“His number was approximately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger.”可知，本身Benjamin Lee Whorf对于雪的词汇可能就只有5个，但是故事不断的传播，甚至带着浪漫主义

14、气息，使得故事传播的越来越广泛，故事内容也越来越夸张。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段 中的“Just as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European ”，作者将英语和从原始印欧语发展而来的其他语言进行了比较，由此可知采用了比较的方法。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”We express all the same ideas; we just do it a little diff

15、erently because of the way our language is built.“以及第四段的例子中，不同语言、不同词汇表达的都是同一个意思，唯一不同的是语言构建方式的不同而已。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Languages are just different. They dont decide what we are able to think about or are not able to think about.”语言都是不一样的，而且语言也决定不了我们能或不能想什么；以及最后一段中的“dont believe the people who t

16、ry to tell you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.”不用相信那些想要告诉你爱斯基摩人有100种描述雪的词汇，即不用在意究竟有多少词。由此可知，词汇的多少并不影响思想，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her own mother during a photo shot went viral (疯狂传播) on Thu

17、rsday, indicating Chinas under per forma nee in regulating the emerging child modeling industry. The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused by her mother in several videos. The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many netizens and scholars call for local authorities to

18、 carry out further investigations into possible child abuse. In response to the public outcry (强烈抗议), Niu Nius mother issued an apology via Sina Wei bo on Thursday, condemning accusations of abuse. She noted that she was merely guiding her daughter for better shots and the girl is well looked after.

19、 Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Nius images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother, while over 110 well-known child garment shops on Taobao have signed up for a campaign to provide better protection for child models. It is necessary to adopt comprehensi

20、ve laws and regulations to further protect the kids, preventing their parents and companies from exploiting (利用) them, Fang Zhiqing, a lawyer and child protection expert, said. Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili, a small town in Zhejiang province, thousands of children from across China are taken here b

21、y their parents to seize the chance of fame. With a population of 450,000. Zhili has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing. In 2017, the town earned over 7 billion yuan by selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models. Chinas current advertisement law isnt

22、 workable when it comes to the industry of child modeling, as it lacks clear supervision measures and clear legal punishment. Fang added. It is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.（1）What caused the public outcry? A.Videos showing how child models work.B.Problems in Chinese adv

23、ertising industry.C.Several cases of child abuse in recent China.D.A girl being physically abused by her mother.（2）What happened after the public outcry? A.Taobao canceled the account of Niu Niu.B.The local police charged Niu Nius mother.C.Niu Nius mother admitted abusing her daughter.D.Shops stoppe

24、d their cooperation with the mother.（3）What provided chances for Chinese child models? A.The appearance of online shopping.B.The huge online sales of child clothing.C.The fast development of manufacturing.D.The change of parents ideas about success.（4）Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with? A.Chi

25、na should regulate child modeling.B.There are too many child models in China.C.New economic laws should be issued in Chinch.D.China s current advertisement law isnt workable.【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个叫妞妞的儿童模特遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议以及人们对儿童模特行业的思考。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The girl, known as

26、Niu Niu, was physically abused by her mother in several videos.The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike.”可知，视频中，一个叫妞妞的女孩遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Nius images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation w

27、ith the mother,”可知，在公众的强烈抗议之后，很多网店停止了与妞妞母亲的合作，故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In 2017, the town earned over 7 billion yuan by selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.”可知，2017年，这个浙江的小镇通过在网上销售童装赚了70多亿元，这为儿童模特提供了机会，可知，童装在网上的巨大销量为中国的儿童模特提供了机会，故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I

28、t is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.”可推断，方志清会同意中国应颁布新的法律来规范儿童模特行业，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Families around the country are finding new options for their childrens midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery opt

29、ions catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Paren

30、ts select the lunches from an online order form that lists the days featured restaurant and its menu choices. Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options, she said. It offers so much choice to kids. The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely t

31、o toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids, she said. They dont want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮) business. That doesnt mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking down stu