欧洲文化常识测试英语题型.docx

1、欧洲文化常识测试英语题型欧洲文化入门复习题（一）Division One: Greek Culture and Roman Culture Greek CultureI. 填空1. European culture is made up of many elements, two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are the Greco-Roman element and the Judeo-Christian element.2. Greek culture reached a high point

2、 of development in the 5th century.3. In the second half of the 4th century B. C., all Greece was brought under the rule of Alexander, king of Macedon.4. In 146 B. C. the Romans conquered Greece.5. Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century.6. Revived in 1896, the Olympic G

3、ames have become the worlds foremost amateur sports competition.7. Ancient Greeks considered Homer to be the author of their epics.8. The Iliad deals with the alliance of the states of the southern mainland of Greece, led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy.9. The Odyssey deals with t

4、he return of Odysseus after the Trojan war to his home, island of Ithaca.10. Of the many lyric poets of ancient Greece, two are still admired by readers today: Sappho and Pindar.11. Sappho was considered the most important lyric poet of ancient Greece.12. Pindar is best known for his odes celebratin

5、g the victories at the athletic games, such as the 14 Olympic odes.13. The three great tragic dramatists of ancient Greece are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.14. Aeschylus wrote such plays as Prometheus Bound, Persians and Agamemnon.15. Sophocles wrote such tragic plays as Oedipus the King, Ele

6、ctra, and Antigone.16. Euripides wrote mainly about women in such plays as Andromache, Medea, and Trojan Women.17. Comedy also flourished in the 5th century B. C. Its best writer was Aristophanes, who has left eleven plays, including Frogs, Clouds, Wasps and Birds.18. Herodotus is often called “Fath

7、er of History”. He wrote about the wars between Greeks and Persians.19. Thucydides described the war between Athens and Sparta and between Athens and Syracuse, a Greek state on the Island of Sicily.20. Pythagoras was a bold thinker who had the idea that all things were numbers.21. Pythagoras was the

8、 founder of scientific mathematics.22. Heracleitue believed fire to the primary element of the universe, out of which everything else had arisen.23. The greatest names in European philosophy are Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.24. Democritus was one of the earliest philosophical materialists and specu

9、lated about the atomic structure of matter.25. In the 4th century B. C., four schools of philosophers often argued with each other, they are the Cynics, the Sceptics, the Epicureans, and the Stoics.26. Euclid is well-known for his Elements, a textbook of geometry.27. To illustrate the principle of t

10、he level, Archimedes is said to have told the king: “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.”28. Greek architecture can be grouped into three styles: the Doric style which is also called the masculine style; the Ionic style which is also called the feminine style; and a later style that

11、 is called the Corinthian style.29. The Acropolis at Athens and the Parthenon are the finest monument of Greek architecture and sculpture in more than 2000 years.30. In the 20th century, there are Homeric parallels in the Irishman James Joyces modernist masterpiece Ulysses.II. 选择1. Which culture rea

12、ched a high point of development in the 5th century B. C.?A. Greek CultureB. Roman CultureC. Egyptian CultureD. Chinese Culture2. In _ the Roman conquered Greece.A. 1200 B. C.B. 700 B. C.C. 146 B. C.D. The 5th century3. Which of the following works described the war led by Agamemnon against the city

13、 of Troy?A. Oedipus the KingB. IliadC. OdysseyD. Antigone4. Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Aeschylus?A. AntigoneB. AgamemnonC. PersiansD. Prometheus Bound5. Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Sophocles?A. ElectraB. AntigoneC. Trojan WomanD. Oedipus the King6. Whic

14、h of the following is the play written by Euripides?A. AntigoneB. PersiansC. ElectraD. Medea7. Which of the following is NOT the greatest tragic dramatist of ancient Greece?A. AristophanesB. EuripidesC. SophoclesD. Aeschylus8. Who ever said that “You can not step twice into the same river”?A. Pythag

15、orasB. HeracleitusC. Aristotle9. Who was the founder of scientific mathematics?A. HeracleitusB. AristotleC. SocratesD. Pythagoras10. Who is chiefly noted for his doctrine that “man is the measure of all things”?A. ProtagorasB. PythagorasC. PyrrhonD. EpicurusIII. 名词解释1. Aeschylus2. Plato3. The Cynics

16、IV. 简答与问答1. What are the major elements in European culture?2. What were the main features of ancient Greek society?3. Who were the outstanding dramatists of ancient Greece? What important plays did each of them write?4. Tell some of Platos ideas. Why do people call him an idealist?5. Give some exam

17、ples to show the enormous influence of Greek culture on English literature. Roman CultureI. 填空1. The burning of Corinth in 146 B. C. marked Roman conquest of Greece, which was then reduced to a province of the Roman Empire.2. The Roman writer Horace said: “Captive Greece took her rude conqueror capt

18、ive”.3. In 27 B. C. Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of Augustus.4. The Romans enjoyed a long period of peace lasting two hundred years, a remarkable phenomenon in history known as the Pax Romana.5. In the 4th century, the emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzan

19、tium, renamed it Constantinople ( modern Istanbul ).6. In 476 the last emperor of the west was deposed by the Coths and marked the end of the West Roman Empire.7. The East Roman Empire collapsed when Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453.8. Julius Caesar recorded what he did and saw in the variou

20、s military campaigns he took part in and these writings, collected in his Commentaries, are models of succinct Latin.9. Virgil was the greatest of Latin poets and wrote the great epic, the Aeneid.10. The Pantheon is the greatest and the best preserved Roman temple, which was built in 27 B. C. And re

21、constructed in the 2th century A. D.11. She-wolf is the statue which illustrates the legend of creation of Roman.II. 选择1. Who wrote, “I came, I saw, I conquered”?A. HoraceB. Julius CaesarC. VirgilD. Marcus Tullius Cicero2. The author of the philosophical poem On the Nature of things is _.A. VirgilB.

22、 Julius CaesarC. HoraceD. Lucretius3. Which of the following is not Roman architecture?A. The ColosseumB. The PanthenonC. The ParthenonD. Pont du Gard4. Who wrote, “Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”?A. SapphoB. PlatoC. VirgilD. HoraceIII. 名词解释1. Julius Caesar2. The Pax RomanaIV. 简答与问答1

23、. What did the Romans have in common with the Greeks? And what was the chief difference between them?2. What is the book for which Virgil has been famous throughout the centuries? In what way is the book linked with the Greek past?3. Why do we say Aeneas is a truly tragic hero?Division Two: The Bibl

24、e and Christianity The Old Testament 填空题1. Among all the religions by which people seek to worship, Christianity is by far the most influential in the West.2. Both Judaism and Christianity originated in Palestine the hub of migration and trade routes, which led to exchange of ideas over wide areas.3

25、. Some 3800 years ago the ancestors of the Jews the Hebrews wandered through the deserts of the Middle East.4. About 1300 B.C., the Hebrews came to settle in Palestine, known as Canaan at that time, and formed small kingdoms.5. The king of the Hebrews was handed down orally from one generation to an

26、other in the form of folktales and stories, which were recorded later in the Old Testament.6. The Bible is a collection of religious writings comprising two parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament.7. The old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are first five

27、 books, called Pentateuch.8. When the Hebrews left the desert and entered the mountainous Sinai, Moses climbed to the top of the mountain to receive from God message, which came to be known as the Ten Commandments.9. Chronologically Amos is the earliest prophet in the Old Testament.10. In Babylon in

28、 the 6th century B.C., the Hebrews, now known as Jews, formed synagogues to practise their religion.II 选择题1. Which of the following is by far the most influential in the West?_A. Buddism B. Islamism C. Christianity D. Judaism2. The Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of

29、 which are the first five books, called _.A. Exodus B. Commandments C. Amos D. Pentaeuch3. Which of the following is NOT the content of the Ten Commandments?_A. Honour your father and your motherB. Do not commit suicideC. Do not desire your neighbours wifeD. Do not take the name of God in vain4. Whe

30、n in Babylon the Hebrews formed synagogues to practise their religion? _A. in 169 B.C. B. in the 4th centuryC. in 76 B.C. D. in the 6th century 名词解释1. the Bible2. the Pentateuch3. Ten Commandments 简答与问答1. What was the Hebrews major contribution to world civilization?2. Why do we say Judaism and Chri

31、stianity are closely related?3. What are the Ten Commandments about? Rise of Christianity 填空题1. At the age of 30, Jesus received the baptism at the hands of John Baptist.2. Jesus spent most of his life in Galilee, where he apparently made a sensation.3. Jesus of Nazareth lived in Palestine during the reign of the first Roman Emperor Augustus.4. Jesus went with his disciples to Jerusalem for the Passover, but was betrayed by Juda.5. In 313 the Edict of Milan was issued by Constantine I and granted religious freedom to all and made Christianity legal.6. In 392 A.D, Emperor T