情景教学.docx

1、情景教学The Application of the Situational Teaching Method in the Elementary SchoolAbstractAlong with the development of Chinas economy, English becomes more and more important in peoples daily life. The English teaching method which is used in each stage receives a lot of attention. After Chinese educa

2、tional system reform, the Situational Teaching Method comes into being. Till now it has got great achievements in the English teaching of elementary school. As for English teaching of the elementary school, it pays to focus attention on the Situational Teaching Method. The scenes originate from soci

3、al practice. It is a product of peoples daily lives. It emphasizes the integration of the dynamic process and the life situation, pays great attention to students understanding of life, pays great attention to students ability development in the active process, and stimulates their interest from var

4、ious aspects. It helps students to understand the teaching materials and develop students psychological functions through the scenes which can produce vivid images. The core of the Situational Teaching Method is to stimulate students emotion.Key wordsEnglish; the Situational Teaching Method; the Ele

5、mentary School; Application 摘要随着中国经济与社会的发展，英语在人们的日常生活中显得越来越重要。相继而来的各个阶段所采用的英语教学方法也在受到各方面的关注，情境教学法也随着中国教育体制的改革而出现，并在小学英语的教学中取得一定的成就，在中国的小学英语教学中，情境教学法是一种值得参考和采用的方法。情境来源于社会生活实践活动，是人们现实生活中的一种产物。它强调运动过程和生活情境的一体化，注重学生对活动的认识，注重学生在活动过程中能力的发展，从各方面激发学生自主学习的兴趣.它能通过在教学中产生生动形象的情景来帮助学生理解教材，并使学生的心理机能能得到发展的教学方法。情境教

6、学法的核心在于激发学生的情感。关键词英语; 情景教学法; 小学; 运用 IntroductionWith the development of the society, the education of China has met a series of challenges in the 21st century. The Examination-Oriented Education is out of date, because it heavily affects the interest of students in English learning. So many kinds of

7、 teaching methods start to be used in English teaching. The Situational Teaching Method becomes a popular foreign language teaching method gradually. The Situational Teaching Method refers to a kind of social environment which conveys the information in English and focuses on the scenes or context.

8、Any language and communication activity can come true in some special scene. The pupils thinking is visualized, so teachers can provide a large quantity of audio-visual digital resources to create the atmosphere of English listening and speaking. It is well-known that the Situational Teaching Method

9、 is based on the theory of applied linguistics and uses some achievements of the structural linguistics. The scenes influence the sense organs of learners and make pupils have the motivation to communicate with others.Psychologists point out students learning motivation and their thirst for knowledg

10、e cannot appear naturally, while they depend on the teaching scenes which teachers set up. So teachers must usually set up kinds of scenes for students consciously. As for most of Chinese pupils who lacks English language learning atmosphere, it is necessary to create scenes for their English learni

11、ng. English is used as a tool for communication, so it requires teachers to provide chances to speak through kinds of setting-up scenes. The Situational Teaching Method emphasizes on the abilities of students listening and speaking. Nowadays, people are overwhelmed by English, for example, even pupi

12、ls begin to study English at an early age. Therefore, the teachers play an important role in English teaching and learning. Then how to choose a method is quite important during different periods.The educationists advocate a new theory that there are many teaching methods but no specific teaching me

13、thod. The Situational Teaching Method is used in the elementary English teaching. To make it simple, the purpose of elementary English learning is “listening and speaking first, while reading and writing second”. In the English teaching, the educational model that is used by teachers in 40% elementa

14、ry schools is the Situational Teaching Method, 80% teachers reply in the elementary schools is the oral sentence pattern drill, while only 15.43% teachers answer in the elementary school is “the written test-like exercises(Mei Deming, 2004.).From this survey, the Situational Teaching Method is suita

15、ble for pupils. How to arouse students interests and develop their abilities is a problem needing more care. Teachers can instruct students through imitating the real scenes in order to make students use what they have learnt in their everyday lives. It can be found that pupils can benefit a lot fro

16、m the Situational Teaching Method. I. The Appearance of the Situational Teaching MethodEverything has the process of origin and development. Therefore, the Situational Teaching Method also develops step by step. Under the background of Chinas reform, the Situational Teaching Method is adopted by tea

17、chers gradually.A. The Origin of the Situational Teaching MethodThe Situational Teaching Method just follows some rules of linguistics. Situational language teaching is originally called Oral Approach, which is developed by British applied linguists from the 1930s to 1960s(Shu Dingfang,1999.), and i

18、t has provided guidance to many well-known EFL/ESL textbooks and courses, including New Concept English written by Alexander, which is still used in China and known by almost every Chinese English learner. In fact, most books on business English are compiled according to this method too. The theory

19、of learning underlying Situation Language Teaching Method is behaviorism, addressing more the processes, than the conditions of learning. Palmer and Hornby are the main advocator of the Situational Teaching Method(Shu Dingfang，1999.). A good scene will create a harmonious atmosphere between teachers

20、 and students, and thus achieves a satisfactory effect. The Situational Teaching Method also has solid theoretical grounds in physiology, psychology, and linguistics.B. The Definition of the Situational Teaching MethodWhat is the Situational Teaching Method? It means creating and using many kinds of

21、 scenes to make students immerse themselves in the oral English environment which is abundant, natural or half-natural. Moreover, the method makes students have a direct contact with English-spoken countries culture. Therefore, they can receive massive language materials in the natural or artificial

22、 scenes to express the social, objective and subjective cognitions with the similar sentences so that their innermost feelings can be effectively expressed. And only under this kind of environment can the relation of the cognitions and the emotion be established. And only by this kind of means can t

23、he sentence structures be consolidated. It contains realistic scene, recollection scene, association scene, scenes transformation and scenes overlapping.In overseas, the Situational Teaching Method has already obtained success in English teaching.In other words, the Situational Teaching Method can b

24、e comprehended that in the English teaching process teachers establish teaching scenes through language descriptions, material object demonstrations, music exaggerations and so on to stimulate students study initiative and enthusiasm. The Situational Teaching Method brings students to the specific a

25、ctive environment which enables students to imagine emotionally and makes students have a superiority exciting center, thus the students can obtain the best attention, which stimulates students interest and guides the reassignment in study, or the exercises enthusiasm to enhance the quality and effe

26、ct of English class. Students cognition has the situational connection. The specific scene influences not only students to understand significance of the activities to students but also the possibility of the activities; meanwhile it also affects students consciousness as well as the method of study

27、ing, and it makes the knowledge in students mind deeply.II.The Advantages of the Situational Teaching Method As for the Situational Teaching Method in the elementary school, there are many advantages. In fact, creating scenes is the essence of Situational Teaching Method, and pupils are interested i

28、n scenes. Therefore, creating scenes is the best advantage of the Situational Teaching Method which can stimulate students interest.A. Stimulus to Pupils InterestThe Situational Teaching Method can motivate students to learn English. Stimulating pupils interest in learning is one of the important fu

29、nctions and purposes of the Situational Teaching Method. Raising students interest is a premise for teaching. There is a saying: Interest is the best teacher. It can make people concentrate on their work, and have enthusiasm, pleasant emotional experience for study. Teachers should be brimming with

30、enthusiasm to teaching activities with superb teaching art to create an attractive teaching scene. Teaching scenes play an important role in inspiring pupils interest. How to inspire? Teachers can create and utilize language scenes. For example, in teaching sentences: I think so. / I agree. /I dont

31、agree. Teachers can combine the knowledge with what students are interested in. In details, teachers may take the famous stars, singers. For example:T：I think Xiao Yanzi is very beautifu1She has big eyesDo you think so?S1：No. I dont agreeI dont think she is beautifu1But I think she is lovelyT：Do you

32、 think she is a good actor?S l：Yes ，I agreeT：Do you think Liu Dehua is a good singer?S2：Yes, I agreeAnd I think he is also a good actor.B. Concentration on Pupils AttentionScenes can draw students attention. Foreign language teaching can make students consistently remain attention. To make students focus on the study, teachers can not rely on orders and requirements, but depend on the scientific and artistic of teaching activities. Naturally students can be attracted by the contents. In teaching colors, teachers can use the classroom and various items of clothing, shoes, a