高温劳动保护立法研究---优秀毕业论文 参考文献 可复制黏贴.docx

1、西南政法大学硕士学位论文高温劳动保护立法研究导 师：郑传坤教授作 者：程刚中国重庆 二零零八年四月中文摘要维护社会公正，保证社会和谐和克服市场缺陷，是现代行政法的生命。 我国目前行政法的宗旨还是扩大和保护公民的自由权和自主权，社会权利却没有得到相应的强调。因此建立适合于保护公民社会权的法律机制应当是今后一个时期行政法的首要责任。在高温劳动保护领域，国家从保障公民社会权的角度出发，实现高温作业下劳动保护的制度安排，启动高温立法是适应行政法历史转型的客观使然。全文分五部分。在绪论中作者从追问现实为出发点，以行政法的转型 为思考路径，认为启动高温立法是纠正政府“立法不作为”，实现行政法转 变的需要，

2、也必将推动劳动领域行政法制的发展。第二部分涉及到高温劳动保护的概述。文章针对高温作业的分类，将 研究重点放在天气性高温条件下劳动保护上。文章在分析了高温的危害和考察我国高温劳动保护制度的缺失后得出结论立法是实现高温劳动保护制度化和机制化的唯一突破口。第三部分为高温劳动保护的基础理论。高温劳动保护直接涉及劳动者、用人单位和国家（政府）的基本权利和法律保护等重要问题。国家如何担当好“利益衡量者”的角色，是理论上必须予以解决的问题。文章在分析了“三方性”机制的劳动权制度后，认为政府与劳动者的关系是保障与被保障的关系，而政府与用人单位应是监督管理与被监督管理的关系且认为三者之间包含以私法特性为主的关系

3、和以公法特性为主的关系这两类关系。文章接着从权利演化的角度，探讨国家（政府）公权力的角色转变及职能定位，认为国家（政府）从功能范围是有限的，并且主要是消极的， 国家的最好选择是对社会持不干涉主义的消极态度，到要“鼓励国家”， 让国家成为帮助和促进人们享受幸福生活的积极力量，特别是在社会权保障成为新的时代话题后，就要求国家积极地干预和帮助实现其利益，只有在个人已经自主地实现了社会权所指的利益时，才有必要要求国家去不干预。在社会权利的考察中文章创造性地提出了防暑权这一具体权利形态， 作者认为公权与劳动者防暑权之间是一种在社会公共利益基础上权力与权利之间的互动关系，因此只有在社会法的视野中才能得到合

4、理阐明。文章认为防暑权的实现，除了依赖劳动者自身努力外，同时需要国家公权积极的保障。当然国家在提供此种保障时，不再是以纯粹的管理者的身份出1现，而是更多地站在社会事务管理者的立场上，进行调控服务或监管，力图实现“社会本位”的基本价值观。作者认为，社会行政法的背景考量下， “服务保障型”的公权力在高温法中体现在制定劳动基准、排除当事人的意思自治、对当事人直接配置法定的权利和义务、推行执法监察制度等。文章从不同角度对高温法的性质进行分析和审视，认为高温法既有公 法特色又有私法内涵，更是以维护社会利益为本位的社会法特质。最后作 者分析了高温法的立法价值和现实意义。高温立法是高温劳动保护制度化 机制化

5、的要求，能够确保经济效益的获得和社会效益的增加，高温立法更 是国家尊重保障人权的重要体现，回应民意，建设民主责任政府的必然要 求。第四部分作者从规范分析到现实的调研考察，以重庆市高温法立法前后为分析模型，着重探讨在具体立法、适法过程中所遇到的困难和阻力以 及立法过程中的各种观点分歧，涉及立法层次、高温法的调控范围、高温 界定、高温保健费如何发放、工伤、高温事故的管理部门、损害救济及工 会职责等诸多争议点，为第五部分的立法建构准备了现实材料。第五部分，文章从高温法的立法目的、立法原则和具体制度方面进行了设想与构建，认为高温法的目的就是确保高温作业下劳动者防暑权的实现，保护劳动者的生命健康权。在具

6、体制度建构方面，着重分析了高温预警防范制度、工伤保险制度、强制发放及不停止或不减少工资支付制度、劳动监察制度和监督管理和惩罚救济制度等等，阐明了作者心目中的高温法基本立法框架。关键词：高温法劳动保护社会权利AbstractPreserving social justice, safeguarding social harmony and overcoming market defect is the lifeline of modern administrative law. At present, our administrative law is still aimed at protec

7、ting and enlarging the freedom autonomy of citizens, otherwise , persons social rights havent been duly emphasized. Because of this , establishing a legal system, best protecting the social rights of citizens, should be the main primary of administrative law in following periods. As to the protectio

8、n for laborers, working under high temperature, there is a real need for the nation , from the perspective of safeguarding citizens social rights, to launch the structure arrangements of the protection for labors. Labor protection in the field of high temperature, the state of civil society the righ

9、t to protection from the perspective of the realization of high-temperature operation of the system under labor protection arrangements. Starting high-temperature legislation is the objective result of historical transformation of the Administrative Law.The full text is divided into five parts. In t

10、he preface the author in from reality as the starting point, to the administrative Law for the restructuring of thinking path thinks that the legislation is the temperature started to rectify the legislative omission, and to realize the changing needs of administrative Law, and will also work to pro

11、mote the development of the occupation field of administrative law.The second part relates to high temperature overview of labor protection. Aimed at high-temperature operation of classification, the article focus on the study of high-temperature weather conditions on the labor protection. The artic

12、le analies the temperature in the high temperature hazards and studies Chinas labour protection system deficiencies and concluds that the legislation is the only breakthrough to achieve high temperature labor protection institution and mechanism.Part III is divided into high-temperature theory of th

13、e basis of labor protection. High-temperature directly involves in the protection of labor workers, employing units, and state (government) the basic rights and legalprotection, and other important issues. That the state how to play the interests measures role is theoretically must be to solve . The

14、 article analysis the tripartite mechanism and regards that the system of labour rights, the relationship between the government and the workers is to protect the security and the relationship between the Government and the employing units is the supervision and management .Among relations, there ar

15、e mainly the characteristics of the relationship between the private and public two types of relationships. The article then states from the perspective of the evolution of the right to investigation state (government) the changing role of the public powers and functions of the position in the commu

16、nity and the rights of the inspection. That the State (Government) from the scope of functions is limited, and mainly negative, the countrys best option is to hold the community of the negative attitude of non-interference, and to encourage the country, and help our country to become and to promote the enjoyment of happiness living a positive force, particularl