主谓一致精品课件.ppt

1、 主谓一致主谓一致要点精析要点精析【定义定义】主谓语一致指的是句子的主谓语一致指的是句子的谓语谓语动词与其动词与其主语主语在在人称、性、人称、性、数数上必须上必须保持一致。保持一致。【三条原则三条原则】n1.意义一致意义一致:主语意义上的单复数主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致要与谓语的单复数形式一致n2.就近一致就近一致:谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语n3.语法一致语法一致:单复数形式与谓语要一致单复数形式与谓语要一致I.意义一致意义一致二二.主语中有主语中有all,a part,half,most,the rest等等,以及以及“分数或

2、百分数分数或百分数+名词名词”作主语时作主语时,谓语谓语动词的单复数取决动词的单复数取决于其连用的于其连用的名词名词.一、有些集合名词如一、有些集合名词如:class,family,government,group,team,audience,enemy，committee等，如等，如果强调果强调整体整体，谓语用，谓语用单数形式单数形式；如果强调其中；如果强调其中一个个一个个成员成员，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数形式复数形式。注意：注意：police,people,cattle 等这些集合名词作主语时谓语通常用等这些集合名词作主语时谓语通常用复数复数形式。形式。3“the+形容词形容词/过去分词

3、形式过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物表示一类人或事物 作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用谓语动词用复复数形式数形式.4 表示表示时间时间,金钱金钱,距离距离,度量度量等的名词复数形式作等的名词复数形式作主语作为一个主语作为一个单一单一的概念时的概念时,其谓语动词用其谓语动词用单数单数.II.就近一致就近一致 1.由由here,there,where 等引导的倒装句中等引导的倒装句中,以及用连词以及用连词or,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but also,notbut(不是不是而是而是)等连接的并列主语等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致靠近它的

4、主语在数上一致.1）Either the girls or the boy _ in America.(is/are)2）Not only Lily and Lucy but also Tom _(is/are)tired of having one exam after another.isispracticeIII.语法一致语法一致 1.1.由由由由with,along with,together with,as well aswith,along with,together with,as well as（和（和（和（和一起），一起），一起），一起），but but，except,bes

5、ides except,besides(除了除了除了除了),),rather rather thanthan(而不是而不是而不是而不是),),including,in addition to including,in addition to（包括）等（包括）等（包括）等（包括）等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前前前前一个名一个名一个名一个名词或代词相一致。词或代词相一致。词或代词相一致。词或代词相一致。2.2.由由由由andand连接的连接的连接的连接的成对成对成对

6、成对名词被看成是名词被看成是名词被看成是名词被看成是一个整体一个整体一个整体一个整体,表示一表示一表示一表示一个整体的概念时个整体的概念时个整体的概念时个整体的概念时,谓谓谓谓语动词用语动词用语动词用语动词用单单单单数，如数，如数，如数，如:bread and:bread and butter(butter(黄油抹面包黄油抹面包黄油抹面包黄油抹面包),knife and fork(),knife and fork(刀叉刀叉刀叉刀叉)；反之反之反之反之用用用用复复复复数。数。数。数。3.不定式不定式,动名词动名词,或或从句从句作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单单数数。4.用用and连接的并

7、列主语被连接的并列主语被each,every 或或no修饰修饰时时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单单数数.5.若主语中有若主语中有more than one 或或many a/an,尽管从意义上看是复数尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍但它的谓语动词仍用用单单数数.6.名词如名词如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses 等作主语时等作主语时,谓语动词必须用谓语动词必须用复复数数.但这些名词但这些名词前若出现前若出现 a pair of,谓语一般用谓语一般用单单数数.7.形复意单名词如形复意单名词如:means,news;以以ics 结尾的结尾的学科学科名名

8、称如称如:physics,mathematics;国名国名如如:the United States;报纸名报纸名如如:the New Times;书名书名；疾病名称疾病名称如：如：SARS(非典非典),AIDS等作主语时，谓语用等作主语时，谓语用单单数。数。3.The family _(is/are)a big one.3.The family _(is/are)a big one.4.The family _(is/are)4.The family _(is/are)having dinner now.having dinner now.Conclusion:1areareisis1.The

9、 group _(is/are)made up of nine students.2.The group _(is/are)dancing happily.isisareare1.1.Mostoftheappleswererotten.rotten.2.2.Most of the apple _(was/were)eaten by a rat.3.All of the apples_ _(was/were)eaten by the eaten by the little boy.little boy.4.Nearly 60 percent of the students in our clas

10、s _(is/are)boys.5.Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob,and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A.was eaten/were B.were eaten/was C.were eaten/were D.was eaten/wasareDConclusion:2waswereConclusion:31.Twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.2.Tenmiles_(is/are)ashortdistance.3.Tendollars_(is/are

11、)toomuchtopay.Conclusion:41.Theinjuredweresavedafterthefire.2.Theold_(is/are)welltakencareofinourcountry.areisis1.a.There/Here_apenandsomebooksforyou.b.There/Here_somebooksandapenforyou.A.isB.areC.haveD.has2.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_(know/knows)anythingaboutit.3.Youorhe_(have/has)takenmypen.4

12、.Notonlyhisfamilymembersbutalsohe_(was/were)invited.5.Eitherhisparentsortheboy_(is/are)inAmerica.ConclusionABknowshaswasis1.Apoorwoman1.Apoorwomantogetherwithtogetherwithherfourchildrenherfourchildren_(was/were)foundbegginginthestreet._(was/were)foundbegginginthestreet.2.Theprofessor,2.Theprofessor,

13、aswellasaswellasallofhisstudents_allofhisstudents_(has/have)goneabroad.(has/have)goneabroad.3.Anexpert,alongwithalongwithsomeassistants,_(was/were)senttohelpinthiswork.washasConclusion:1was1.Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.2.Whenwellgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.3.Toseeistobelieve.Conclusion:31.

14、Everyboyandeverygirllikestogoswimming.2.Noteacherandnostudentwasabsentfromthemeeting.3.Eachmanand(each)womanwasaskedtohelp.Conclusion:41.Manyboyslikeplayingbasketball.2.Manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.3.Morethanoneboylikesplayingbasketball.Conclusion:51.Glasses_(are/is)useful.眼镜有用。2.Apairofglasses_(a

15、re/is)onthedesk.桌上有一副眼镜.Conclusion:61.TheUnitedStates _(are/is)apowerfulapowerfulcountrywithdiverseculture.countrywithdiverseculture.2.Politics _(are/is)noteasyforthestudentsnoteasyforthestudentstolearnwell.tolearnwell.Conclusion:7areisisis1.A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具锤子和锯都是有用的工具

16、.(两样物两样物)2.The poet and the writer _(have/has)come.3.The poet and writer_(have/has)come.那位诗人兼作家来了那位诗人兼作家来了.Conclusion:2havehas1.a.1.a.I can work out two of the five problems,but the I can work out two of the five problems,but the rest _ too difficult for me.rest _ too difficult for me.b.b.I have finished one third of the work,and the I have finished one third of the work,and the rest _left for you.rest _left for you.A.is B.are C.has D.have A.is B.are C.has D.havePractice3.a.3.a.My family _ a big