万圣节英语课件.ppt

1、 Halloween!万圣节的由来HalloweenHalloweenisaholidaycelebratedonOctober31intheUSA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,LatinAmerica,andSpain.HalloweendatesbacktotheancientCelticfestivalofSamhain(pronouncedsow-in).TheCelticpeopleslivedover2,000yearsagointheareathatisnowIreland,theUnitedKingdom,andNorthern

2、France.在在2000多年前的爱尔兰地区及法国北部，多年前的爱尔兰地区及法国北部，住着一群住着一群凯尔特凯尔特人，而万圣节就是起源于古塞人，而万圣节就是起源于古塞尔特人的一个叫做尔特人的一个叫做Samhain的节庆的节庆。For the Celtic peoples,the New Year was celebrated on November 1st of every year.This date marked the end of Summer and the beginning of Winter.For the Celtic peoples,the New Year was cel

3、ebrated on November 1st of every year.This date marked the end of Summer and the beginning of Winter.This time of year was often associated with human death.凯尔特人选在每年11月1日庆祝新年，正值夏天结束，冬天刚开始的时节多半让人联想到黑暗的死亡。The Celts believed that on the night before the new year,the boundary between the worlds of the l

4、iving and the dead became blurred as the dead searched for the afterlife.Thus,on the night of October 31st,they celebrated Samhain,when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to Earth to cause mischief and trouble.凯尔特人相信在新年的前一晚，阴间和阳间的大门不再门禁森严，此时阴间的鬼魂会趁机跑出来，为阳间的人们带来厄运。所以，在十月三十一日晚上，凯尔特人会

5、庆祝Samhain这个节日，以趋魔避邪。To commemorate the event,people built huge sacred bonfires where animals and crops were sacrificed to the Gods for protection,and to help scare ghosts away.The Celts also wore costumes to disguise themselves,in an attempt to confuse the spirits roaming the Earth.凯尔特人借着神圣的营火，燃烧献祭的

6、动物和尸体，以赶走可怕的鬼魂并祈求神的保护。同时，凯尔特人也会假扮成鬼的样子，企图混淆跑到阳间的鬼魂。万圣节的象征物Jack-o-lanternJake-O-LanternCarvedpumpkinsaretraditionallyknownas“Jack-o-lanterns.”Traditionally,thejack-o-lanternwascarvedfromaturnip,potato,orbeetandlitwithaburningcandle.Theselanternsrepresentedthesoulsofdepartedlovedonesandwereplacedinwin

7、dowsorsetonporchestowelcomethedeceased.TheyalsoservedasprotectionfromevilspiritsfreedfromthedeadonHalloweennight.InNorthAmerica,turnips,potatoes,andbeetswerenotasreadilyavailable,sothepumpkinwasusedandfoundtobeasuitablereplacement.众人皆知的杰克南瓜灯是刻在南瓜上，但人们一开始众人皆知的杰克南瓜灯是刻在南瓜上，但人们一开始是在萝卜，马铃薯或甜菜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃

8、是在萝卜，马铃薯或甜菜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友，蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友，并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜，马铃薯被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜，马铃薯和甜菜很罕见，因此常见的南瓜就成了非常适合的代和甜菜很罕见，因此常见的南瓜就成了非常适合的代替品。替品。Jack-o-lanterns PeoplehavebeenmakingJack-o-lanternsonHalloweenforcenturies.Thepractic

9、eoriginatedfromanIrishmythaboutamanknownas“StingyJack.”StingyJackonedayinvitedtheDeviltohaveadrinkwithhim.Notwantingtopayforthedrink,hetrickedtheDevilintoturninghimselfintoacoin,andthenputtheDevilintohispocketnexttoacrossthatpreventedtheDevilfromchangingbackintohisoriginalform.JackfreedtheDevilafter

10、theDevilpromisednottobotherJackor,shouldhedie,claimhissoul.万圣节刻杰克南瓜灯的习俗已经有几世纪的历史了。为什么要取名为杰克呢？在爱尔兰人的传说中有个有名的小气杰克。有一天小气杰克请魔鬼喝酒，喝完后，小气杰克却小气地不想付钱，所以他就骗魔鬼，要魔鬼把自己变成一枚硬币，魔鬼变成硬币后，小气杰克迅速地把硬币放在口袋里，和十字架放在一起，以防魔鬼变回原形。之后，魔鬼对小气杰克发誓，他绝对不会对小气杰克报仇，也保证杰克死了也不会让他下地狱。这时，小气杰克才让魔鬼变回原形。Eventually,when Jack did die,God woul

11、d not take him into Heaven,and the Devil,who had promised not to claim Jacks soul,could not take him into Hell.Thus,the Devil sent Jacks spirit into the night with only a burning candle to light his way.Jack put the candle into a carved turnip and has been roaming the Earth ever since.The Irish bega

12、n to refer to this ghostly figure as“Jack of the Lantern,”and then simply as“Jack-o-lantern.”到小气杰克死掉后，上帝不允许他进入天堂，而魔鬼曾答应过他不会让他下地狱，所以杰克死后哪都去不了。因此，魔鬼就让他的灵魂漂泊在黑夜里，只留给他一根燃烧的蜡烛来指引他从此以后，杰克就把蜡烛放在挖空刻好的萝卜里，并且一直留在人间吓人。爱尔兰人一开始称之为杰克的南瓜灯笼(Jack of the Lantern)，后来简称为杰克南瓜灯(Jack-o-lantern)。Symbols of Halloween Modern

13、 day Halloween celebrations use many symbols to help make the holiday more interestingSome of these include现代人用许多东西来庆祝万圣节，让这个节日变得更有趣。你知道是哪些东西吗？蝙蝠是其中一项，因为蝙蝠只住在坟墓，洞穴和废弃的教堂或建筑物中，又因为蝙蝠常令人联想到女巫或吸血鬼，因此他们被视为邪恶的象征。在传说中，女巫和吸血鬼可以化身成蝙蝠，又因为吸血蝙蝠是唯一一种饮血维生的哺乳类动物，因此蝙蝠常让人联想到死亡或邪恶的仪式。BATSBecausebatsonlyflyatnightandl

14、iveintombs,caves,andabandonedchurchesandbuildings,theyarebelievedtobeomensofevil.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithwitchesandvampires.Itissuperstitionthatwitchesandvampirescantaketheformofabat.Sincethevampirebatistheonlymammalthatfeedsonblood,theyareoftenlinkedtodeathandoccultrituals.WITCHES女巫因为会算命又会下好咒语

15、和坏咒语，人们相信女巫们的能力在10月31日这天会最强，所以让很多人很害怕她们。几世纪以来，女巫的形象改变许多，以前人们认为，女巫都是绿皮肤，长的很老，脸上布满皱纹。现在则很多人认为女巫的能力可以是邪恶或具有智慧的。Witcheswerethoughttobetellersoffortuneandtocastspells,bothgoodandbad.ThisfrightenedmanybecauseitwasbelievedthatthesepowerswerethestrongestonHalloweennight.Theimageofawitchhaschangedgreatlyover

16、thecenturies.Oncethoughttobeold,wrinkled,greenskinnedhags,manypeopleassociatewitchcrafttoeitherevilorasbeingwise.Broomsticks女巫和扫把形影不离已有几世纪之久，通常女巫会骑着扫把在夜晚飞行，而她们的同伴黑猫会坐在扫把的另一端陪着她们飞行会什么女巫会和扫把形影不离呢？因为在万圣节那天，通常会下着雨，而女巫们需要用扫把扫掉地上的大水坑，或地上的积水以便行走。Witchesandbroomsticksgohandinhand.Theyhavebeenassociatedforcenturies.Often,witchesaredepictedridingthemacrossthenightskywithablackcatononeend.ItisbelievedthatbecauseHalloweenoccurredduringtherainyseason,womenusedtheirbroomstickstovaultoverlargepuddlesandtosweep