动词ed形式作定语.docx

1、动词ed形式作定语一、动词-ed形式作定语 过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词, 事实上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如： spoken English (英语口语)； iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸马铃薯条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。1. The tall

2、man is a returned student 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。 2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。 (1)前置定语 单个的动词-ed形式,一样放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。 The excited people rushed into building. 兴奋的人们冲进大楼。 Lost time can never be found again 虚度的光阴, 无法挽回。 (2)后置定语 少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。 1. Everything used should

3、be marked 所有效过的东西应该做好标记。2. The books left are for my students 剩下的书是给我的学生的。 动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗? (=That has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。 (=which was att

4、ended by a lot of people) 1) Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written

5、D. written3) The Olympic games,_ in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foods _through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying5) Mr. Smi

6、th,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring二、动词-ed形式作表语 过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想情感等。如：He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved当咱们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。 He seemed quite de

7、lighted at the idea 听到那个方式, 他似乎很快乐。 作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等 所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很快乐。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这方式他似乎很快乐。 1)Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay2)

8、 As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一样都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候二者兼而有之。作宾语补足语

9、的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如: She found the door broken in whenshe came back 她回来时发觉有人破门而人。 My grandfather had his old house rebuilt我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧屋子。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的大体用法 动词的-ed形式能够在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语组成逻辑上的被动关系。若是这种句子改成被动语态,原先的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。1. I must get my bike repair

10、ed 我必需请人修理自行车。 (宾语补足语) 2. The girl was found beaten black and blue 人们发觉那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。 (主语补足语) (1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这种动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。I have never heard him spoken ill of others. 我从未听过有人说他的坏话。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind 她感觉内

11、心轻松了些。 They considered the matter settled 他们以为这问题解决了。(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补 足语, 这种动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 I have my hair cut once a month 我每一个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood 他正尽力使他人听懂自己。She held her hands pressed against her face.她用双手按着脸。 “have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义： (请人)把某

12、事做完。 She had her house repaired 她请人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪儿理的发? 参遭遇某种意外情形。 He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。 完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。 I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼写错误都更正了。 He has had one thous

13、and yuan saved this year 他今年已存了1000元。 (3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等动词的宾语补足语，这种动词包括 like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类 动词的后面作宾语补足语。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting 他不喜爱在会议上讨论如此的问题。 The students wish the TV serial plays continued 学生们希望电视持续剧继续播下去。(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间

14、是动宾关系。 With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的屋子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。 1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed2) The missing boys were last

15、 seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. played3) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong aga

16、in. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired.单项选择：1. From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked2. It was so large a room that a hundred people looked _ in it. A. losing B. lost C. to lose

17、 D. having lost 3. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry4. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. fallin

18、g; buried5. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept7. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. ha

19、ving been known C. to be known D. known8. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking9. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to lo

20、oks10. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded11. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared12. _ time

21、, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 13. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. To lose C. Lost D. Having lost 14. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding