高一定语从句公开课.ppt

1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句She is the girl_lives next door.Attributive clause关系词关系词先行词先行词定语从句的结构定语从句的结构who注意事项注意事项:1.从句的位置从句的位置:2.翻译方法翻译方法:先行词先行词 之后之后“.的的”She is an astronaut,the astronaut is the first woman to go into space in China.The astronaut is the first woman to go into space in China.She

2、 is an astronaut.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句 whoHe is a popular singer his songs are popular among young people.He is a popular singer.His songs are popular among young people.whoseThe book it was written by Mo Yan is interesting.The book is interesting.It was written by Mo Yan.which/thatThat is the new ma

3、chine.I know nothing about it.That is the new machine I know nothing about it.that/which()The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend.The boy is my friend.He is reading a book over there.Declan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.Declan is a famous singer who sings the song te

4、ll me why.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做的句子就叫做定语从句定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，。被定语从句修饰的词，叫叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who,whom whose,which,that 关系副词：关系副词：when,where关系代词的句法功能及指代功能关系代词的句法功能及指代功能 关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职：关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职：连接主从句的纽带、指代先行词和在从句中充当某连接主从句的纽带、指代先行词和在

5、从句中充当某种句子成分。现在我们将常用的关系代词的指代功种句子成分。现在我们将常用的关系代词的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：技巧指导技巧指导1.确定先行词：确定先行词：2.确定从句的位置：确定从句的位置：3.确定关系词确定关系词：找出两个句子相关的词找出两个句子相关的词位于先行词之后位于先行词之后根据先行词在从句中的作用根据先行词在从句中的作用指代人指代人指代物指代物指代人或物指代人或物主主语宾语定定语指代功能指代功能在从句在从句中的作用中的作用whowhichthatwhom/whowhichthatwhosewhose定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语

6、从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。e.g.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Do you know the doctor?He spoke just now.Do you know the doctor who spoke just now?whom 指人指人,在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语,可省略。可省略。e.g.Do you know the man(whom)we saw at the Beijing Hotel?The girl is from America.I called h

7、er just now.The girl(whom)I called just now is from America.which 指物指物,在句中作主语或宾语在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以作宾语时可以省略。省略。e.g.Im not interested in the book which has just been published.applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is

8、small.The apple which is green is big.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news.I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morning.I showed him the letter(which)I received this morning.that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语作宾语

9、时可以省略。时可以省略。e.g.The house that Im going to buy faces south.Theyre talking about the film.I have seen the film.Theyre talking about the film(that)Ive seen.It was written by Laoshe.Jane has borrowed the book.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.1.The girl who studies hard is very beau

10、tiful.2.I know the girl who studies hard.3.This is the girl who studies hard.总结：定语从句可以修饰主句的不同成分总结：定语从句可以修饰主句的不同成分主语，主语，宾语，表语宾语，表语_1.The river is very long.It flows through the city.2.He has two sons.Both of them work as actors.3.The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.4.You will find the

11、 nearest market.Its door faces south.He has two sons,both of whom work as actors.The river which/that flows through the city is very long.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.You will find the nearest market whose door faces south.It is sth.a place a machine that/which/whose.an anim

12、al a tool that/which we can use to do sth.He/She is a student a teacher that/who/whose.a writer .He is a famous actor who/that is famous for action films.It is sth.that we can use to buy goods.Learn to describe sb./sth.ice creamcomputer doglibraryObamacamerachaircoatvegetableclassroompandapencil-box

13、shoesYao Mingglassesfootball*先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句必先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句必须用须用that 引导。引导。all,every,any,little,few,much,no,only,very,the+序数词序数词,the+形容词最高级形容词最高级e.g.This is the cleanest park that you can imagine.He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city.*在在 who 或或 which 引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定引导

14、的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用语从句必须用 that 引导。引导。thate.g.Who is the man is standing over there.thate.g.This is the only book that has been written in French.*先行词在从句中作表语时先行词在从句中作表语时,限制性定语从句通限制性定语从句通常用常用 that 引导。引导。(常可省略常可省略)e.g.She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.That is the new

15、machine.The parts of it are too small to see.Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.当先行词是当先行词是 one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those 等等,指人时一般用指人时一般用 who,不用不用 that。e.g.Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中,或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表

16、语时词在从句中作表语时,用用that,不用不用who。e.g.Who is the man that is shouting there?She is not the girl that she used to be.先行词是人先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或介词从句中缺动词宾语或介词 宾语时宾语时,用用whom或或that(介词后不用介词后不用that)。e.g.The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it.He is the student(whom,who,that)youwant to see.关系代词关系代词 that,which,whom 在从句中作在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。不可省略。*whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语。指人或物，在从句中作定语。The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given