语法填空解题技巧-有提示词.ppt

1、Welcome!语法填空解题技巧语法填空解题技巧有提示词的有提示词的解题技巧解题技巧一、纯空格试题的解题一、纯空格试题的解题技巧一、技巧一、在句子缺主语或宾语，应填在句子缺主语或宾语，应填_。技巧二技巧二、名词和代词在句子中不作主语、表语或动词的宾、名词和代词在句子中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一定是填语时，其前面一定是填_。技巧三、技巧三、名词前面若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代名词前面若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能是填词、不定代词），很可能是填_。技巧四技巧四、若两个或几个单词或短语之间都没有连词，那很、若两个或几个单词或短语之间都没有连词，那很可能是可

2、能是_。技巧五技巧五、如两个句子之间没有连词，没有分号和句号，如两个句子之间没有连词，没有分号和句号，那很可能是填那很可能是填_或或关系关系词。词。技巧六技巧六、结构完整而空格后、结构完整而空格后是动词原形是动词原形，很可能是，很可能是_或是强调的助动词（或是强调的助动词（do,does,did）。代词代词介词介词限定词限定词连词连词连词连词情态动词情态动词 有提示词的有提示词的解题技巧解题技巧谓语动词（时态和语态）谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词非谓语动词词性的转换词性的转换有有提提示示词词缺谓语动词缺谓语动词时时态态、语语态态根据语境确定用哪种时态根据语境确定用哪种时态 根据主语与该动词的

3、主动或被动关系确定用主根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态动语态还是用被动语态，还要考虑主谓一致还要考虑主谓一致。例例1“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，”Jane _ (inform).was informed解题技巧解题技巧 如果如果空格前是助动词空格前是助动词（do,did,does等）或等）或情态动词情态动词（can,may,must等）则空格一般用等）则空格一般用 。如果如果空格前是空格前是have的各种形式的各种形式，则想到构，则想到构成成 。如果空格前是如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用的各

4、种形式，则想到用 。动词原形动词原形完成时完成时进行时态或被动语态进行时态或被动语态1.He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife,but he did _(bring)home a regular salary.2.“My sister has _(go)to be with God.Daddy said that Mommy will also join God very soon,so I think that she can bring the doll with her to giv

5、e it to my sister.”3.In London,three people were _（take）to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic.bringgone taken句中已有句中已有谓语动词谓语动词非非谓谓语语动动词词温馨提示温馨提示非谓语动词的形式（非谓语动词的形式（done/to do/doing)一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。如果与中心词是主动关系，如果与中心词是主动关系，；如果与中心词是被动关系，如果与中心词是被动关系，；表示将来表示将来/表目的表目的:一

6、般用一般用doing一般用一般用done动词不定式动词不定式to do例例2He suddenly appeared in class one day,_(wear)sun glasses.wearinghe与wear是主动关系，用现在分词注意：如果所需填写的动词前面是一个句子并且有逗号，一搬应用现在分词，表示伴随或结果。例例3.Lessons_(learn)in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.learnedlessons与learn是被动关系，用过去分词例例4 For example，the proverb,“pluc

7、king up a crop _ (help)it grow”,is based on the following story.to help“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拔高”的目的，用不定式作目的状语我们可根据以下我们可根据以下三三点顺利解题点顺利解题：(1)作主语或宾语用作主语或宾语用_(2)作定语、表语或补足语用作定语、表语或补足语用_(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状 语，语，用用_词词类转化类转化当空格处所需词类与当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化要词类转化名词形式名词形式形容词形式形容词形式副词形

8、式副词形式例例5 His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.warmly修饰谓语动词修饰谓语动词smiled，用副词，用副词例例6But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.choice在在that引导的宾语从句中作主语引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词，或者说，在形容词应当用名词，或者说，在形容词性物

9、主代词后，一定是用名词性物主代词后，一定是用名词限定词后限定词后名名 词词温馨提示温馨提示空格是在空格是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格名词所有格或或形容词之后形容词之后，则应考虑填则应考虑填_。但不要忘记，要考虑但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否有所有名词是否变复数，是否有所有格形式格形式等等名词名词Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the_(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.operationthe是冠词，后面应该跟operate的名

10、词形式operation.1.首先确定所填词的功能。首先确定所填词的功能。形容词形容词修饰名词、代词修饰名词、代词 副词副词修饰动词、形容词。修饰动词、形容词。2.考虑形容词或副词的级别。考虑形容词或副词的级别。3.考虑形容词或副词的否定或肯定形式。考虑形容词或副词的否定或肯定形式。形容词和副词形容词和副词形容词形容词+ly的副词的副词例例7 This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature)course.natural在名词在名词course前，前，要用形容词要用形容词括号中所给词是括号中所给词是形容词或副词

11、形容词或副词且空格处需要的且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词仍是形容词或副词比比较较级级(或或最最高高级级)温馨提示温馨提示要善于分析语境，辨别省略了要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than的隐性比的隐性比较级。较级。例例8It might have made it a little _(hard)for everybodyharder分析：分析：a little/much+比比较级较级1.One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2._(fortunate),I forgot a

12、ll about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return.worstUnfortunately有的时候会不必改变词类，而要求通过有的时候会不必改变词类，而要求通过加上前缀加上前缀im/un-等，后缀等，后缀-less等，填等，填入括号中所给词的反义词。入括号中所给词的反义词。（例9）Yourmistakecausedalotof_(necessary)workintheoffice.unnecessarywork名词，前面应该是用形容词作定语Practice makes perfect Lastyear,mybro

13、therandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid1wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths2(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We3（tel

14、l）thatourroomshadntbeenreservedforthatweek,4fortheweekafter.Ididntunderstand5thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged6thereservation.Whatsworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas7（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProo

15、mon8topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andwewerentchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach9wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle10（sunburn），butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidntmind.Sometimesexperienceinothercountriescanhelppeopletounderstandtheirownidentitybetter.Mahat

16、maGandhi,(1)wasbornin1869inWesternIndia,dreamtofgoingtoEnglandtostudy.He(2)(tell)thathisHinduregiondidnotallowvoyagesabroad.(3),Gandhiwasverydeterminedandhefinallyleft(4)Englandin1887.Atfirsthetriedtolearntobehavelike(5)Englishmangentleman,buthesoonlearntthat(6)wasbettertobehimself.HestudiedlawinLondon,qualifyingin1891.Healsolearntaboutotherreligious.HereturnedtoIndiaandworkedasalawyerfortwoyears.Aftersomeproblems,hewasofferedajobinSouthAfrica,(7)heexperiencedracismasamemberoftheIndiancommunity.