初二英语期末复习.docx

1、初二英语期末复习第一讲 Step One : Lets start with the Grammar.Episode One: Past Tense一、定义：表示 某个时间发生的或者 习惯性、经常性的动作或状态。二、时间状语 过去时态的时间大致可分为以下几类：(1)ago型：(2)last型：(3)其他：三、过去时的结构： 我们将从以下的造句来复习过去时的结构。(1) be动词的一般过去时句子结构肯定句我2年前是一名学生。否定句我两年前不是一名学生。一般疑问句你两年前是一名学生吗？特殊疑问句你两年前是做什么的？(2)实义动词的一般过去时句子结构肯定句他去年在上海工作。否定句他去年不在上海工作。

2、一般疑问句他去年在上海工作吗？特殊疑问句他去年在哪里工作？四、动词过去时的规则变化动词情况构成方式例词一般情况play-played, work-worked, look-looked以e结尾的动词live-lived, hope-hoped, arrive-arrived以辅音字母+y结尾的动词study-studied, cry-cried辅音+元音+辅音结尾stop-stopped, shop-shopped不规则动词词begin-began, see-saw, tell-told五、一般现在时和一般过去时的区别一般现在时一般过去时意义表示现阶段发生的动作或状态，以及永恒不变的事实、真理

3、和自然现象表示过去阶段发生的动作或状态或过去经常或反复发生的动作标志词today, every day, on Sunday, every morning以及often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week等Yesterday.(昨天),last week/year.(上周/去年), .ago(以前), in/on+过去的时间等表示过去的时间肯定句主语+be(is/am/are)+表语+其他主语(非第三人称单数)+v.原形+其他.主语(第三人称单数)+v.第三人称单数形式+其他主语+be(was/were)+表语+其他.主语+v.过去式+其他否定句主

4、语+be(is/am/are)+not+表语+其他主语(非第三人称单数)+dont+v.原形+其他.主语(第三人称单数)+doesnt+v.原形+其他主语+be(was/were)+not+表语+其他.主语+didnt+v.原形+其他.疑问句Is/Am/Are+主语+表语+其他？Do+主语(非第三人称单数)+v.原形+其他？Does+主语(第三人称单数)+v.原形+其他？Was/Were+主语+表语+其他？Did+主语+v.原形+其他？ Lets do some multiple choices.1. -Where he volleyball last Sunday ? -On the pla

5、yground.A.do,play B.are,playing C.did,play 2.They stopped here because they the way to the station.A.didnt know B.dont know C.will know 3.When your brothers birthday?A.is B.was C.were 4. her last vacation great ? Yes, it was.A.Is B.Was C.Were 5.How was your weekend? Very good. the Science Museum wit

6、h my classmate.A.visit B.visited C.am visiting 6.Lucy a student last year, but now she a teacher.A.is,is B.was,is C.was,will 7.Where did you go on Mid Autumn Day? I wasnt out. I just at home.A.stayed B.was C.stay 8.When your brother back? About half an hour ago.A.did,come B.does,comes C.do,come 9.Ho

7、w was your vacation last weekend? Good. I to the mountains with my parents.A.go B.went C.am going 10.Mary to school 10 minutes ago.A.went B.goes C.has gone Episode One: Future tense一、一般性的”将来”-will+动词原形1. 定义：表示 要发生的动作或存在的状态2. 时间状语： 一般将来时态的时间大致可分为以下几类：(1)next型：(2)later型：(3)in+一段时间型：(4)其他：3. 结构 我们将从以下的

8、造句来复习过去时的结构。句子结构肯定句将来会有更多的污染。否定句将来不会有更多的污染。一般疑问句将来会有更多的污染吗？特殊疑问句将来会有什么？二、表示计划性的将来- be going to+动词原形1. be going to + V “表示将来的 ”，常与表示将来的时间状语（tomorrow, next year）或when引导的时间状语从句连用.2. 结构 我们将从以下的造句来复习过去时的结构。句子结构肯定句下午会有一场足球比赛。否定句下午不会有足球比赛。一般疑问句下午会有足球比赛吗？特殊疑问句下午计划做什么？三、用现在进行时表示将来 表示位置移动的动词，如leave, come, go等

9、，常用进行时表将来.四、if引导的条件状语从句1. 意义 表示条件的状语从句；条件状语从句由if, unless(if.not)等引导。2. 结构： If + 句子 （一般现在时 ）, If you do, youll be sorry.如果这样做,你将会很遗憾。 If he wants to see me, you can tell him to wait.如果他想见我的话,叫他等好了。 I shall go there tomorrow unless Im too busy. 如果我不太忙,明天将到那儿去。 If+句子（一般现在时）， 如：If you dont like coffee,

10、dont drink it. 如果你不喜欢咖啡的话，就不要喝它。If + 句子 （一般现在时 ）， 如：If you work harder, you can pass the exam. 如果你努力一点，你就能通过考试。 Lets do some multiple choices.1. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia _ the first hotel in space in the near future. A.builds B.will build C.build 2.I hope Tim can come to

11、my birthday party. Then we _ a much happier time. A.have B.had C.will have 3.There _ an English party in our school tomorrow evening. A.have B.will have C.is going to have 4.I hear our teacher will be back _ three weeks time. A.at B.in C.for 5.-Why are you in such a hurry, John? -There _ a basketbal

12、l match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes. A.is going to be B.is going to have C.will have 6.-Will there be a computer in everyones home in the future? -_. A.Yes, there is B.No, there isnt C.Yes, I think so 7. Next week he his pen pal in London. A. is going to visit B. visit C. visite

13、d 8. -Mum, what are you doing? -Your uncle has come. I _put an extra fork on the table. A. will B. have C. am going 9. - We will go for a picnic if it this Sunday. - Wish you a lovely weekend. A. rain B. is going to rain C. wont rain 10.Well go to the park if it _ tomorrow. A.wont rain B.dont rain C

14、.doesnt rain 11.If Tom _ the game, well give him a surprise. A.win B.wins C.won 12.Studying in groups is necessary _ you want to do well in school. A.if B.until C.unless Step Two: Phrases of Related UnitsEpisode one: Unit 11. go on vacation 2. be on vacation 3. study for a tests 4. something special

15、 /interesting.5. quite a few 6. keep a diary 7. arrive in/at =get to8. decide to do 9. feel like（doing）10. walk up to.向11. too many + 名复12. because of 因为13. taste & sound + adj. 14. find out 发现15. keep doing sth 16. come up 17. stop to do & stop doing sth. Episode one: Unit 61. grow up 2. keep on do

16、ing sth.3. be sure about.4. make sure 5. send.to. 6. make resolutions 7. keep resolutions 8. be able to do sth. 9. make promises to sb. / oneself 10. at the beginning of.11. improve our lives 12. write down 13. tell sb. about sth.14. physical health 15. have to do with sth. 16. take up 17. personal

17、improvement Episode one: Unit 71. study at home on computers 2. live to be free time 3. be in great danger 4. move to other planets 5. live on the earth 6. play a part in(doing). 7. in 100 years 8. spend time together on weekends 9. make sb. do sth.10. look like 11. Its adj. to do sth. be able to do

18、 sth. 12. wake up 13. disagree with sb.14. fall down15. look for 16. at some point Episode one: Unit 101. half the class 2. a good time to do sth. 3. ask sb. (not ) to do sth. 4. give sb. some advice = give some advice to sb.5. travel around the world 6. go to college 7. make money 8. get an educati

19、on 9. keep sth. to oneself 10. have problems with sth. 11. be afraid to do sth. 12. in the end13. make careless mistakes 14. run away from15. cut it in half16. worry about =be worried about17. miss all the fun18. get into a fight with sb. Step Three: Key Points of Related Unit考点1 ：bring、take、borrow和

20、lend的区别考点2：动名词做主语考点3：by的用法考点4：宾语从句考点5：few、less和more的比较考点6： 数字表达法考点7：辨析any与some考点8：enough的用法考点9：感叹句第二讲 Step One : Lets start with the Grammar.Episode One: Comparative Degree一、比较级的定义 大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。二、比较级的构成

21、：（1）规则变化：单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm- tall- smart- 以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r Eg: nice- fine- large- 以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er” Eg: early- happy- busy- 以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er Eg: big- thin- hot- 多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular- important- （2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：well/good-better bad/badly-worse

22、 many/much-morelittle-less far-farther/further old-older/elder三、比较级的用法: 当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1 表达“A和B一样”，用asas的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+BEg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2表达“A不如B”用not asas的结构。公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B A+助词的否定形式+

23、动词+as+形容词原级+as+BEg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesnt run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。3. 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+BEg I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。四、关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更”，“得”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot,

24、a great deal等。Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题： (一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格

25、，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较 e.g Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang. Lets do some multiple choices.1. Our classroom is bigg

26、er than . A. they B. them C. their D. theirs2. of the two boys is my monitor(班长). A. The taller B. Taller C. The tall D. The tallest3. My sister is more outgoing than me. A. more B. most C. a little D. little4. That book is not so as this one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D

27、. the most interesting5. -Hi, Tom. Is your brother as active(活跃) as you? -No, hes a quiet boy. He is . A. less outgoing than me B. not so calm as me C. more active than me D. as outgoing as meEpisode One: Superlative Degree一、定义：形容词、副词有三个级：原级(Positive Degree)，比较级(Comparative Degree)和最高级(Superlative D

28、egree)。英语中，表示三者或者三者以上（人或物）之间的比较时就要用最高级，其前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in）短语来说明比较的范围，副词最高级前面的the可以省略。2、形容词比较级和最高级的构成1.规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节和少数多音节的词longtalllongertallerlongesttallestlatelargenicelaterlargernicerlatestlargestnicesteasyhappyheavybusyfunnyearlyeasierhappierheavierbusierfunnierearliereasiesthappiestheavierstbusiestfunniestearliesthotwetbigfatthinhotterwetterbigge