牛津译林版八年级下册Unit8易考点梳理.docx

1、牛津译林版八年级下册Unit8易考点梳理原形过去式过去分词现在分词Lie（说谎）LiedLiedLyingLie（躺；不及物）Lay lainlyingLay(搁置；及物动词，下蛋）LaidLaidLayingThe boy lied to his parents. 孩子向父母撒谎了。There is a dog lying in the floor. 地上躺这一只狗。The bird has laid an egg. 鸟下蛋了。原形过去式过去分词现在分词SpreadSpreadSpreadspreadingSpread (vt)传播；散播；铺开；伸出；蔓延；叉开；The spread of

2、.(.的蔓延；传播）The spread of Aids. 艾滋病的蔓延Spread your eggs. 伸出你的双腿。Spread sth on sth 把.铺在.；把.涂在.Spread the butter on the bread. 把黄油涂在面包上。原形过去式过去分词现在分词separateseparatedseparatedseparatingBe separated into .被分成.Separate(vt) 使分开；分离The twins were separated by the war. 双胞胎被战争分开。Separate from.(与.分开)We separated

3、 from our parents. 我们与父母分离了。Separate A from B (把A 和B 分开)People separated the facts from dreams. 人们把现实和梦境分开。Separate into. (分成.（部分；若干）)The students were separated into two groups. 学生们被分成两组。Separate A intoB 把A 分成BThe teacher separated the students into two groups. 老师把学生分成2组。难点辨别：separate（把两个人或物分开）Divi

4、de（把一个整体分成若干）筹钱；筹款Raise money=collect moneyRaise sth for .=collect.for.（为.筹集.）The government are raising money for poor areas. 政府正在为贫困山区筹款。Collect (收集;领取)Raise-raised-raised升起；举起；提高；饲养；筹集；养育；（及物动词，后跟宾语）有被动语态Rise -rose-risen升起；增加；增长=increase（不及物动词）无被动语态We have raised the cost of life.我们提高了生活的成本。The s

5、un rises in the east.(太阳从东边升起）。Serious(形容词）严重的；严肃地的；认真的形容词修饰名词。 He is a serious person. 他是个严肃的人。Seriously（副词）严肃地；认真地；严重地副词修饰动词或形容词。 He was seriously hurt. 他伤得严重。 副词 形容词be serious about .(认真.）Reduce （减少.）Reduce air pollution(不可数名词）Produce（生产.）Produce the waste（制造废弃物）Product（产品，可数名词）公司生产了大量的产品。The com

6、pany has produced a number of products.Recycle （回收） recycle the waste 废物回收。 =The waste can be recycled.(被动语态）By (介词）通过.（方式；方法）Save water by taking shorter showers 通过快速淋雨节约用水By (介词）在.旁边He sat by the river. 他坐在河边。By (介词）被.I loved by the girl. 我被女生所爱。By (介词）到.之前（日期截止）；到.时候Go home by five oclock. 五点之前回家

7、By(介词）经过；通过He walked by the house.他进过这座房子。 turn on 打开（灯;电视等）turn off关掉turn up调高；开大（声音；空调）turn down调低；开低Take turns to do sth 轮流做某事We took turns to clean up the room. 我们轮流打扫房间。Used to do sth过去常常做某事（现在已经不做）Be/get/become used to doing sth习惯于.Be used for.被用来.（说明用途）Be used as.被用作.（作为某种工具）Be used to do sth

8、被用来做某事Use.to do sth用.来.Wise（形容词;修饰人的）明智的Its wise of him to save money. 攒钱是明智的。Wisely（副词）明智地；聪明地；We should use mobile phones wisely.我们要理智地使用手机Unwise （形容词）不明智的Remember to do sth 记得去做某事We remember to turn off the lights. 记得去关灯。Remember doing sth记得做过某事We remember turning off the lights. 记得关过灯。Otherwise（

9、副词，修饰整个句子。）不然；否则=or快点，否则你要迟到了。Hurry up, otherwise you will be late.Instead (副词)相反；反而；作为替代位于句中，后面有逗号。相反，他没有参加会议。Instead, he didnt attend the meeting.Instead of 代替；而不是.多种树而不是乱砍乱伐。Plant more trees instead of cutting down themHowever（副词;表转折，但前后关系不明显）然而，可是；不过；位于句首，后有逗号位于居中，前后有逗号。Its a terrible year. Howe

10、ver, we should try our best to improve our knowledge.But （连词，后无逗号）但是；然而；不过表转折，前后关系明显。Yet(副词）迄今=so far，至此；还没Yet(连词）=still=however 然而；但是，不过 我还没有告诉任何人。I havent told anyone yet.路虽黑，但我还是找到了回家的路。The path was dark, yet i found my way home.While（连词；表前后对比关系） 然而Moreover (副词;表示更进一步的说明）此外；而且；再者=furthermore=also

11、=as well=besides=in additionShe saw a man following her. Moreover the manStared at her strangely.她看见一个满人紧跟着她，而且奇怪的盯着她Cut down砍伐；减少；降低Cut down the cost 降低成本Cut in line插队Cut off切掉；切断；打断Dont cut me off. 不要打断我Cut up切碎；淘气Cut out剪裁；剪出Cut across抄近路穿过Cut. into.把.切成.Cut into打断Cut in超车；插嘴Cut short 缩短Short cut

12、捷径Organize(及物动词）安排；组织.，筹备Organization（可数名词）组织；机构；结构Organized（形容词）有组织的；安排有序的Well organized 有条理的Allow(及物动词）允许；认可；承认；留出.（时间）Allow sb to do sth允许、同意某人做某事Allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事Be allowed to do sth不被允许做某事;.被禁止Smoking will not be allowed.Allow +名词/doing sth允许.Allow for .体谅；考虑到.We must allow for acc

13、idents.我们必须考虑到意外punish=fine罚款environment环境be fined/punished被罚款government政府Publish （及物动词）出版；发表；发行The book is published just now. 书刚刚发行Come out =put out出版；发行（无被动语态）The book came out just now. 书刚刚发行There be sb. / sth doing sth. 某人、某物正在.There is a dog lying on the floor.There are famous men talking abou

14、t their lives.There be sth/sb to do sth There are laws to limit pollution.有法律来限制污染。Depend(不及物动词）决定于；视.而定It/That depends. 视情况而定Depend on.=count on=trust in sb.依靠；依赖依靠丰富的资源。Depend on rich resources.Resource (resources一般以复数形式出现）资源（财力；人力；物力）Cost little成本低The type of energy costs little.Little pollution无

15、污染The product has little pollution.Make a big difference to .对.有大影响；对.起作用；意义重大China is making a big difference to the world. 中国正在全世界发挥着影响。Set up=put up=go up搭建；建立Put up张贴；搭建Make up化妆；编造；补.Bring up养大Go up 上升；(价格；数量；水平）Prices has gone up. 价格上涨Run up积欠；向上跑Cut up切碎Turn up（声音）调大；开大Take up占有.（空间/时间）Open u

16、p开启use up用光；用完Sb Use up sth某人用光某物I used up money.Sth be used up.某物被用光Money is used up.Sth run out某物用光了（无被动）Money runs out.Sb run out of sth某人用光某物I run out of money.Take place （不及物动词；物作主语）；举办举行无被动比赛上周举行The games took place last week.Happen （不及物动词）发生无被动An accident happened last night.Hold（及物动词）举办；举行有被

17、动 我们举办了一场比赛We held a match.=A match was held by us.In public 在公共场所In a public place在公共场所Both sides of the street街道的每一边Each side of the street街道的每一边Do a survey （民意调查）做调查Do research (科学方面，不加 a)做研究In place 适当；适当的；在恰当的位置Keep.in place.使.在合适的位置In place of=instead of 代替；而不是Take the place of =replace代替;替换Take place发生；举行Wide（形容词）宽的；广泛的；睁大的A wide use 广泛只用Wide（副词）充分地；完全地Wipe open 完全睁开Widely（副词）广泛地；大大地；5G is widely used. 5G被广泛使用