人教新课标高一英语上册语法复习.ppt

1、TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句1.定义：定义：2.先行词：先行词：3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词、关系副词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：Who,whom,whose,which,that等等When,where,why等等关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用、引导作用2、替代作用、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用Eg:1.Those who want to go plea

2、se sign your names here.2.This is the house where he was born.3.Bill,who was here yesterday,asked me a lot of questions.关系代词的用法关系代词的用法指指代代所所作成分作成分是否可省略是否可省略ThatWhichWhoWhomwhose人；物人；物物物人人人人人、物人、物主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省可省不可省不可省关系副词的用法关系副词的用法指代指代所所作成分作成分是

3、否可省是否可省略略WhenWherewhy时间时间状语状语否否地点地点状语状语否否原因原因状语状语否否判断下列引导词在句中的用法判断下列引导词在句中的用法Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie.2.He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from.3.A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words.4.This is the film which I like best.5.The b

4、oy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.指代指代、所作成分所作成分、是否可省略是否可省略 6.The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.7.It was 11 oclock when the accident happened last night.8.This is the village where I was brought up.关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：This is t

5、he best film that I have ever seen.The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.This is the very book that Im looking for.Is there anything that I can do for you?All that you have to do is to press the button.There is no time that we can waste.T

6、he car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.Summarize:只能用只能用thatthat引导定语从句的几种情况引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词被先行词被序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。所修饰时。2）先行词被）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。3)先行词是先行词是不定代词不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等等.4）

7、先行词被）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等等修饰。修饰。5）先行词既有）先行词既有人人又有又有物物时。时。B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThis is the question about which weve had so much discussion.Practice:1.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecoul

8、dturnforhelp.(1992)A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom3.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.(1993上海上海)A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich BDACorrectthefollowingsentences:1.This is the best film which I have seen.2.Thats all which want to say.This is the best film that I have seen.Thats all that I want

9、to say.3.Is there anything which you want in this shop?4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.5.The room in that she lives is a large one.Is there anything that you want in this shop?He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.The room in whi

10、ch she lives is a large one.关系副词when,where,why的用法1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together?Do you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together?2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked.This is the factory in whichmy father once worked.3.Th

11、is is the reason whyhe was late.This is the reason for which he was late.Summarize:在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上上which，在从句中作在从句中作状语状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+whichPractice:1.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.(1999)-Isthatthereason_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.

12、whenC.whatD.where2.Imgoingtovisittheschool_mymothertaughtphysicstenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what3.Doyoustillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereAAC关系副词关系副词when,where和关系代词和关系代词that,which的区分的区分同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用wherewhere，有时使用有时使用that/whichthat/which；同样是修饰一个时间，

13、有时使用同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用whenwhen，有时使用有时使用that/whichthat/which主要看：从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。请比较以下句子：Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.(从句意思不完整需从句意思不完整需要加宾语要加宾语)Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.（从句完整，从句完整，只需加上特定的关系副词）只需加上特定的关系副词）Thatsthedatethatshewontforgetforever.Thatsthedatewhenwewen

14、ttothecollege.Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether.Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句定义：定义：限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的修饰成分，否则主句的意思不完整或不成立。非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后主句的意思照样完整。Comparethefollowingsentences:A man who does not try to learn from others cant achieve much.Therere many plays(that)Id like to see

15、.This note was left by Xiao Wu,who was just here.Yesterday Mr Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou,which is famous for its West Lake.They have invited me to visit their country,which is very kind of them.Summarize:1.限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。2.非限制性定语从句不能用非

16、限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。来引导。3.非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。*关系代词和人称代词关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择指示代词的选择 He has three sons,none of _ is a doctor.He has three sons,but none of _ is a doctor.He has three sons,_ are doctors.He has three sons;_ are doctors.A.whom B.them C.they D.whoADBCPractice:1._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What2.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of greatimportancetoscience.(1998)A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD