三十六计中英文对照综述.docx

1、三十六计中英文对照综述1Chapter 1: Winning Stratagems第一套 胜战计第一计 瞒天过海crossingtheseaundercamouflage原文备周则意怠；常见则不疑。阴在阳之内，不在阳之对。太阳，太阴。英文注释Mask your real goals, by using the ruse of a fake goal, until the real goal is achieved. Tactically, this is known as an open feint: in front of everyone, you point west, when you

2、r goal is actually in the east.第二计围魏救赵relievingthestateofZhaobybesiegingthestateofWei原文共敌不如分敌；敌阳不如敌阴。英文注释When the enemy is too strong to be attacked directly, then attack something he holds dear. Know that he cannot be superior in all things. Somewhere there is a gap in the armour, a weakness that c

3、an be attacked instead. The idea here is to avoid a head-on battle with a strong enemy, and instead strike at his weakness elsewhere. This will force the strong enemy to retreat in order to support his weakness. Battling against the now tired and low-morale enemy will give a much higher chance of su

4、ccess.第三计借刀杀人killingsomeonewithaborrowedknife原文敌已明，友示定，引友杀敌，不自出力，以损推演。英文注释When you do not have the means to attack your enemy directly, then attack using the strength of another. Trick an ally into attacking him, bribe an official to turn traitor, or use the enemys own strength against him.第四计以逸待劳wa

5、itingatoneseasefortheexhaustedenemy原文困敌之势，不以战；损刚益柔。英文注释It is an advantage to choose the time and place for battle. In this way you know when and where the battle will take place, while your enemy does not. Encourage your enemy to expend his energy in futile quests while you conserve your strength. W

6、hen he is exhausted and confused, you attack with energy and purpose.第五计趁火打劫plunderingaburninghouse原文敌之害大，就势取利，刚决柔也。英文注释When a country is beset by internal conflicts, when disease and famine ravage the population, when corruption and crime are rampant, then it will be unable to deal with an outside

7、threat. This is the time to attack.第六计声东击西makingafeinttotheeastandattackinginthewest原文敌志乱萃，不虞，坤下兑上之象。利其不自主而取之。英文注释In any battle the element of surprise can provide an overwhelming advantage. Even when face to face with an enemy, surprise can still be employed by attacking where he least expects it.

8、To do this you must create an expectation in the enemys mind through the use of a feint.2Chapter 2: Enemy Dealing Stratagems第二套 敌战计第七计无中生有creatingsomethingoutofnothing原文诳也，非诳也，实其所诳也。少阴，太阴，太阳。英文注释You use the same feint twice. Having reacted to the first and often the second feint as well, the enemy w

9、ill be hesitant to react to a third feint. Therefore the third feint is the actual attack catching your enemy with his guard down.第八计暗渡陈仓advancingsecretlybyanunknownpath原文示之以动，利其静而有主，“益动而巽”。英文注释Deceive the enemy with an obvious approach that will take a very long time, while surprising him by taking

10、 a shortcut and sneak up to him. As the enemy concentrates on the decoy, he will miss you sneaking up to him.第九计隔岸观火watchingafirefromtheothersideoftheriver原文阳乖序乱，阴以待逆。暴戾恣睢，其势自毙。顺以动豫，豫顺以动。英文注释Delay entering the field of battle until all the other players have become exhausted fighting amongst themsel

11、ves. Then go in at full strength and pick up the pieces.第十计笑里藏刀coveringthedaggerwithasmile原文信而安之，阴以图之。备而后动，勿使有变。刚中柔外也。英文注释Charm and ingratiate yourself with your enemy. When you have gained his trust, move against him in secret.第十一计李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing原文势必有损，损阴以益阳。英文注释There

12、are circumstances in which you must sacrifice short-term objectives in order to gain the long-term goal. This is the scapegoat strategy whereby someone else suffers the consequences so that the rest do not.第十二计顺手牵羊picking up something in passing原文微隙在所必乘，微利在所必得。少阴，少阳。英文注释While carrying out your plans

13、 be flexible enough to take advantage of any opportunity that presents itself, however small, and avail yourself of any profit, however slight.3Chapter 3: Attacking Stratagems第三套：攻战计第十三计打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake原文疑以叩实，察而后动。复者，阴之媒也。英文注释Do something unaimed, but spectacular (hitting

14、the grass) to provoke a response of the enemy (startle the snake), thereby giving away his plans or position, or just taunt him.Do something unusual, strange, and unexpected as this will arouse the enemys suspicion and disrupt his thinking.More widely used as Do not startle the snake by hitting the

15、grass. An imprudent act will give your position or intentions away to the enemy.第十四计借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse原文有用者，不可借；不能用者，求借。借不能用者而用之。匪我求童蒙，童蒙求我。英文注释Take an institution, a technology, a method, or even an ideology that has been forgotten or discarded and appropriate it for

16、 your own purpose.Revive something from the past by giving it a new purpose or bring to life old ideas, customs, or traditions and reinterpret them to fit your purposes.第十五计调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den原文待天以困之，用人以诱之，往蹇来返。英文注释Never directly attack an opponent whose advantage is derived from its

17、 position. Instead lure him away from his position thus separating him from his source of strength.第十六计欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him原文逼则反兵，走则减势。紧随勿迫，累其气力，消其斗志，散而后擒，兵不血刃。需，有孚，光。英文注释Cornered prey will often mount a final desperate attack. To prevent this you let the enemy believe he

18、still has a chance for freedom.His will to fight is thus dampened by his desire to escape. When in the end the freedom is proven a falsehood the enemys morale will be defeated and he will surrender without a fight.第十七计抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him to lose more valuable things原文类以诱之，击蒙

19、也。英文注释Bait someone by making him believe he gains something or just make him react to it (toss out a brick) and obtain something valuable from him in return (get a jade gem).第十八计擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers原文摧其坚，夺其魁，以解其体。龙战于野，其道穷也。英文注释If the enemys army is

20、 strong but is allied to the commander only by money, superstition or threats, then take aim at the leader.If the commander falls the rest of the army will disperse or come over to your side.If, however, they are allied to the leader through loyalty then beware, the army can continue to fight on aft

21、er his death out of vengeance.4Chapter 4: Chaos Stratagems第四套：混战计第十九计釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron原文不敌其力，而消其势，兑下乾上之象。英文注释Take out the leading argument or asset of someone; steal someones thunder. This is the very essence of indirect approach: instead of attacking enemys fightin

22、g forces, the attacks are directed against his ability to wage war.第二十计混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters原文乘其阴乱，利其弱而无主。随，以向晦入宴息。英文注释Create confusion and use this confusion to further your own goals.第二十一计金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the

23、 cicada sloughing its skin原文存其形，完其势；友不疑，敌不动。巽而止蛊。英文注释Mask yourself. Either leave ones distinctive traits behind, thus becoming inconspicuous, or masquerade as something or someone else.This strategy is mainly used to escape from enemy of superior strength.第二十二计关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blo

24、cking his escape route原文小敌困之。剥，不利有攸往。英文注释To capture your enemy, or more generally in fighting wars, to deliver the final blow to your enemy, you must plan prudently if you want to succeed. Do not rush into action. Before you move in for the kill, first cut off your enemys escape routes, and cut off

25、any routes through which outside help can reach them.第二十三计远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy原文形禁势格，利从近取，害以远隔。上火下泽。英文注释It is known that nations that border each other become enemies while nations separated by distance and obstacles make better allies.When you are the str

26、ongest in one field, your greatest threat is from the second strongest in your field, not the strongest from another field.第二十四计假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor原文两大之间，敌胁以从，我假以势。困，有言不信。英文注释Borrow the resources of an ally to attack a common enemy. Once the enemy is defeated

27、, use those resources to turn on the ally that lent you them in the first place.5Chapter 5: Proximate Stratagems第五套：并战计第二十五计偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers原文频更其阵，抽其劲旅，待其自败，而后乘之。曳其轮也。英文注释Disrupt the enemys formations, interfere with their methods of operation

28、s, change the rules in which they are used to following, go contrary to their standard training.In this way you remove the supporting pillar, the common link that makes a group of men an effective fighting force.第二十六计指桑骂槐reviling/abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry原文大凌小者，警以诱之。刚中而应

29、，行险而顺。英文注释To discipline, control, or warn others whose status or position excludes them from direct confrontation; use analogy and innuendo. Without directly naming names, those accused cannot retaliate without revealing their complicity.第二十七计假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane原文宁伪作不知不为，不伪作

30、假知妄为。静不露机，云雷屯也。英文注释Hide behind the mask of a fool, a drunk, or a madman to create confusion about your intentions and motivations. Lure your opponent into underestimating your ability until, overconfident, he drops his guard. Then you may attack.第二十八计上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof原文假之以便，唆之使前，断其援应，陷之死地。遇毒，位不当也。英文注释With baits and deceptions, lure your enemy into treacherous terrain. Then cut off his lines of communi