完整word新版人教版八年级下册unit18笔记整理.docx

1、完整word新版人教版八年级下册unit18笔记整理Unit1笔记整理1、What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you? = What s wrong with you?你怎么了？= Whats up? = What happens to sb.?2、 as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上【拓展】matter的用法It doesnt matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）3、have a cold 受凉;感冒 have a/an + 疾病名词 “患病” (cold/fever/c

2、ough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛4、back n 背；背部 at the back of.在.的后面 go/come back 返回 give back 归还5、hand in hand 手拉手 V 交给；传递 hand in 上交 hand on 依次传递 hand out

3、 分发6、enough 的用法 (1) adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后 enough time，enough money (2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,必须放在adj./adv 后 expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth.足够的去做某事 He is strong enough to carry the box.7、drink some hot tea with honey. 喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。with ： prep “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。She is

4、 a girl with long hair. with （反） withoutprep. 和.一起 I like to talk with my friends. prep 用.， 表示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife.8、see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医 see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生9、感官动词+ like， 后接名词或名词性短语作表语。“sound like 听起来像feel like 摸起来像 smell like 闻起来像 look like 看起来像 taste like 尝起来像10、

5、need v 需要 用于肯定句是实义动词 (1) need sth 需要某物 I need your help. (2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water? (3) 物做主语，sth need doing sth = sth need to be done My TV set needs repairing. 用于否定句是情态动词 neednt = dont have to 没有必要 must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用11、along/ down 相同点： prep “顺着；沿着” 不同点：al

6、ong 强调顺着水平方向 down 指“沿着下坡或者往南走”12、see （saw , seen） v 看见 see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生） see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）13、lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺 ；平躺 lie lay lain v 躺下，(现在分词lying ). lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息14、get off 下车 (反） get on 上车 get up起床 get back回来；取回 get over克服；度过

7、get onalong well with与相处融洽 get in a word插话 get to到达 15、surprise spraz v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me. be surprised at 对感到吃惊 be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶 be surprised + that从句 因.而惊讶 n. 可以做名词“惊讶”to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 16、a

8、gree v (反)disagree agreement n同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you.(2)agree to do sth 同意做某事 17、thanks to 对亏；由于thanks to为习语介词，thanks不可以改为thank you，to后也不接动词原形，这个短语表示原因，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to表示感谢的对象 thanks for ，意为“因而感谢”，for强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ingthanks相当于 thank you ，18、 at times=sometimes 有时 have a good tim

9、e 玩得高兴 have time =be free 有空 all the time 一直 at the same time 同时 by the time 到时候for the first time 第一次 【句型】 Its time to do sth =Its time for sth 是该做某事的时间了 It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s19、think about 考虑；认为【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑 think up = come up with 想出20、hit

10、/hit/v. (hit/hit/)( 用手或器具）击；打 hit sb. 击中/撞到某人 The ball hit him in the face.21、trouble/trbl/n .问题；苦恼get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）be in trouble 处于困境中have trouble （in) doing sth/with sth.做某事有困难22、enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴23、teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学 by oneself =alone 独自 help ones

11、elf to 随便吃introduce oneself to 自我介绍反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。24、fall fell fallen v 落下； 跌落fall down 摔倒，（强调“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾语时，应加上介词from She fell down from her bikefall off 指从某物上跌落下来。 The girl fell off the bike. = The girl fell down from the bike.fall into 落入 The leaf fell into the river. fall behind 落后 fal

12、l in love with sb. 爱上某人fall asleep 入睡25、feel sick 生病；不舒服sick /ill adj.(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。sick person = patient“病人”be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill illness n.“病；疾病”26、be interested in=become interested in interest n 兴趣 interest

13、ing adj. 令人有兴趣的interested adj. 对感兴趣v. 引起关注；使感兴趣 interest sb.eg：This book interests me very much.be interested in sth./ doing sth.对变得感兴趣 = show great interest in sth. / doing sth.表现出对的极大兴趣; (1) take/have an interest in =be interested in 对感兴趣(2) places of interest 名胜 lose interest in 失去兴趣27、(1) use v.

14、使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。 I used to get up at six.(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be u

15、sed for doing sth Stamps is used _(post) letters.【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。28、one of .之一【结构】“one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数” ， 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 One of the most popular colors is red in China.29、almost / nearly /hardly almost和nea

16、rly作为副词,都可以译为“差不多”、“几乎”、“将近”等。都是程度副词, 有时它们可以相互取代,而 hardly是几乎不的意思，是否定词。30、lose lost lost v 失去 lose ones life 失去生命 lose ones way迷路lost还可以做形容词，表示丢失了的，lost31、because of 由于； 因为【拓展】because/because of【记】：跟句子时用because ,加名词短语时用because of词性 用法because 连词后接句子because of 介词短语后接名词或/ving【注】： (1) because of +n/ving

17、/代词宾格(用于句中) Shes worried because of her son.(2) because conj +从句 （引导原因状语从句） He didnt go to school yesterday because he was ill.(3) because 还可以回答why 引导的句子 Why do you like pandas? Because they are cute.(4) because 和so 不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。32、find found found v寻找 (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事 (2) find it +

18、adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难33、by oneself= alone = on ones own adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。34、run ran run v跑run out of =use up 用完【区别】：sb.run out of sth 其主语通常是人Sth.run out 其主语通常是物【短语】： run across 偶然遇见 run after 追求,追逐run away 逃跑 run at 向.冲去35、own adj. 自己的ones own 某人

19、自己的of ones own +n 某人自己的 v 拥有 owner n 所有者，物主I want to have a house of my own.=I want to have my own house.36、The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)so that 以便，为了 引导目的状语从句, 可以替换成in order that.从句常出现情态动词may/ might .can/ could等，37、mean meant meant v 意味着 meaning

20、n 意思(1)mean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事 询问 “.的意思”的常用句型：What does . mean? = What is the meaning of.?38、get out of 离开，从出来反义get into陷入，【拓展】与get 相关的短语： getup起床 getto到达 get back 返回 geton上车 getoff 下车 getonwith与友好相处；39、 important adj. 重要的（反）unimportant importance n 重要性My parents have taught me t

21、he_(.的重要性)of working hard.Anyone can see the _(important) of good health.40.decide v 决定-decision n 决定 (1)decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth 决定做某事 (2)make a decision (to do sth)做决定 41. so that 如此.以致 “So +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy ba

22、g.42keep on (doing sth) 继续或坚持做某事 ,但是中间有间断keep doing sth. 一直做某事，中间不间断 keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事43.the same as 和.一样 be not the same as = be different from 与.不同44.die v. （延续性动词） be dead 死，死亡 death n. 死，死亡dead adj. 死的 dying adj. 将死的45.mind v 介意 n 头脑，想法，记忆 【短语】make up ones mind 下定决心 never mind 不要紧 chan

23、ge ones mind 改变主意 keep in mind 记住【句型】Would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗？46.give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事Unit2 笔记1. You could help clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。【解析1】help v helpful 1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事。 2). help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）。 3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解

24、决问题、完成工作。 4). with the help of 在帮助下。 5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。 6).Cant help doing 情不自禁做.clean up the table = clean the table up 2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。【解析1】sick /ill ： (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 be sick

25、 of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill illness n.“病；疾病” . You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill) .He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital (1) in the hospital“在医院” 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；(2) in hospita

26、l “在医院；住院” 指生病住院。 类似的短语有：in the bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上； in bed“在床上”指躺在床上【解析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas give out sth to sb. 分.给某人【短语】：give

27、in 屈服 give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表 give sb. a call 给打电话 give away 赠送give away money to kids give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人 give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线4. We need to come up with a plan f

28、or the City Park Clean -up Day. 我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。【解析】come up with =think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行【拓展】v+up with 构成的短语： catch up with 赶上；追上 keep up with 跟上；跟、保持联系 put u with 容忍； 忍得住 end up with 结束；以.而结束5. Oh , what did th

29、ey ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？【解析】help out （with）帮助； 帮助.出来 help sb. out 使某人脱离困境6. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。【解析1】 (1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(fi

30、nd) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。 (4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth 【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。7. That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。【解析】sound (1)n声音 We heard a strange sound. 【辨析】Sound/noise/voicesound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可