否定转移 省略.docx

1、否定转移 省略一、动词的否定转移 1.当动词think, believe, suppose, 形式上否定主句的谓语，实际上是否定从句的谓语imagine, expect, feel的主语是第一人称、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时，它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如：I think that he will help us. I dont think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。I believe that he is right. I dont believe that he is right. 我认为他不

2、对。I suppose that he likes it. I dont suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。2. 形式上否定谓语动词，实际上否定复合宾语当动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel, find的主语是第一人称、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时，它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如：I think math difficult. I dont think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。I find the story in

3、teresting. I dont find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。I expect so. I dont expect so. 我认为不会。注意：动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情况下，否定不转移：(1) 这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时，否定不转移。如：I believe and hope he wont do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。

4、(2) 用于疑问句时，否定不转移。如：Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗？Dont you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事？(3) 用作插入语时，否定不转移。如：Li Lei, I think, wont be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。Tom, I suppose, wont be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。Mike, I believe, hasnt seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。(4)

5、 动词前有其他副词修饰时，否定不转移。如：I really dont think its necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。I feel strongly that he shouldnt do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。(5) 动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时，否定不转移。I thought that he wouldnt come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。She didnt believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一

6、个好孩子。He thinks that he isnt fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。He doesnt believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。(6) 当宾语从句中含的否定为notat all, not a little, not a few, not enough, cant help等固定搭配时，否定不转移。如：I think that he doesnt know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。I suppose that it is not enough to rememb

7、er the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好，那么只记单词是不够的。I believe that you cant help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。(7) 当宾语从句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定词或半否词时，否定不转移。

8、如：I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话，那么谁也逃不掉。I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。二、英语句子的否定转移1. 当think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词的主语为第一人称，且本身为一般现在时态时，其后的宾语从句的否定词通

9、常转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：I dont believe you need worry. 我相信你不必忧虑。I dont think you need take it too seriously. 我想你不必对此过于认真。但是，若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。如：I hope it doesnt rain. 我希望不要下雨。I hope you dont mind my saying it. 我希望你别介意我说这些话。2. 许多动词后面可以接动词不定式。在非正式文体中，我们常常愿意把第一个动词加上否定词，而不用否定的动词不定式。其实

10、这样做一点也不改变意思。例如与appear, seem, expect和happen连用时，就是这样的。如：Sibyl doesnt seem to like you. 西比尔好像不喜欢你。I dont expect to see you before Monday. 我估计星期一之前不会见到你了。It does not seem that the man understand what I am saying. 那男人似乎不了解我在说什么。与“intend / want+动词不定式”连用时，我们几乎总是将not / never与第一个动词放在一起。如：I dont want to fail

11、this exam. 这次考试我不想考不及格。After Ive finished this contract I never intend to teach again. 这个合同期满后，我决不想再教书了。请注意cant seem to这一结构。如：I cant seem to get anything right. 看来我什么事也干不好。3. 有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。例如：I dont remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语 having)Its not a place

12、 where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)4. 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。如：The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。(否定状语)He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此

13、事。(否定because状语)She had not been married many weeks when that mans younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. 她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。(否定状语many weeks)有些句子形式上否定谓语动词，实际上是对句子后面状语进行否定。如：Lets not talk about it here. 我们别在这里谈吧。 Dont read in the sun. 不要在阳光下看书。 Dont talk with your mouth ful

14、l of food. 不要口里含着食物说话省略的用法一. 概念 英语中,为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句二.相关知识点精讲1. 简单句中的省略：在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。（1）Looks like rain.（2）Hope to hear from you soon.（3）Sounds like a good idea.（4）Beg your pardon.（5）Feeling better today ?（6）This way, please.（7）What does he want

15、to eat ?Some rice and vegetables.（8）Anything I can do for you ?（9）Sorry to hear that.（10）Doesnt matter.（11）Terrible weather!（12）Pity you couldnt come.2. 并列句中的省略：在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）They learn French and we English.（2）My father planned and built all these houses.（3）John won the first race a

16、nd Jimmy the second.（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.3. 复合句中的省略：定语从句：（1）Thats the reason he is late for the conference.（2）I dont like the way he talks.状语从句：（1）If heated, water will boil.（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.（3）Well go to help you if necessa

17、ry.（4）Had I time, I would come.（5）Ill go, should it be necessary.（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you. （2）Is Mr. King in his office?Sorry, I dont know（whether he is in his office or not）.4. 动词不定式的省

18、略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。（1）Would you like to go with us ?Im glad to, but I have to finish my homework.（2）Dont tell me the name of the sailor if you dont want to.（3）Have you ever been to the seaside? No, we cant afford to.在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be g

19、oing to等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.（2）He doesnt get up early as he used to.（3）Ill hand it in if I have to.（4）Would you like to come tonight ? Id love to.Tell , warn , order , advise , ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。（1）He wanted to swim acros

20、s the river but I warned him not to.（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to.三.巩固练习1. _, I will help you with your work.A. If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possible D. Possible2. Do you follow me? Yes, _.A. it is good B. I will C. perfectly D. very goo

21、ddo you follow me, Jack?yes, _.A.I will B. wonderful C. perfectly D. well, that depends答案为C,为什么,如何解释呢2010-3-15 01:15 最佳答案 1. 答案：C.2. 翻译：-杰克，你明白我(的意思)吗？-是的，（我）完全/彻底地（明白/理解）。3. 解释：1）此问句中的follow的意思是“明白/懂得/理解”，并不是“跟随”之意。2）C Yes, perfectly. = Yes, I follow you perfectly. 是的，（我）完全/彻底地（明白/理解）。3）其他答案解释：A.I

22、will. “我会的”。如果前句不是疑问句，而是祈使句，就可以用一般将来时。如：-Follow me, Jack. -Yes, I will. -跟我来，杰克。-好的，我会（跟着）你的。B. wonderful “精彩/好极了”。此时必须填入副词来修饰动词follow，形容词wonderful不行。D. well, that depends. “嗯，看情况而定了”。和前句的Yes句意矛盾。3. How are you getting on with your work ?Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as _.A. plans B. plan

23、ning C. planned D. to plan4. Are you a teacher?No, but I _. I worked in a middle school for three years.A. am B. will C. do D. was5. How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2010?There will be only a few, if _.A. much B. some C. any D. many6. Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday ?Well, I_, but I forgot it.A. should B. must C. should have D. must have7. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients dont take medicine _.A. like directed B. to be directedC. as directed D. so that directed四.答案 CCCDCCC