雅思阅读长难句.ppt

1、IELTS GRAMMAR主讲人主讲人：王晓彤王晓彤（公邮）（公邮）(私人）私人）本本课主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 定语从句定语从句在雅思写作、阅读中的运用在雅思写作、阅读中的运用主语从句主语从句 语法功能语法功能-主语。主语。When hell be back depends much on the weather.(1)由由that引导的主语从句。引导的主语从句。Examples:That he hasnt phoned is odd.That the prices will go up is certain.(2)由关系代词型由关系代词型what或或whatever引引导的从句。

2、导的从句。Examples:What I want is a canvas traveling bag.Whatever she did was right.(2)由关系代词型由关系代词型what或或whatever引引导的从句。导的从句。IELTS 实例讲解实例讲解 What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers,but how old they are.(剑四剑四 Test 2 Reading)（3）由连接代词由连接代词/副词引导的主语从句。副词引导的主语从句。连接代词：连接代词：Who whom wh

3、ose what which连接副词：连接副词：how where when why Why he left wasnt important.NB-把主语从句放在句首的情况是很把主语从句放在句首的情况是很少的，一般只是为了少的，一般只是为了强调或谓语较长强调或谓语较长时才作这样的安排：时才作这样的安排：That she is still alive is a consolation.绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放在句子后部去放在句子后部去 绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放在句子后部去在句子后部去 It+be+名词名词/形容词形容词

4、+that从句从句It was quite plain that she didnt want to leave.Its a shame（that)youre sick.绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放在句子后部去放在句子后部去 It+动词动词+that从句从句实例分析实例分析 It struck me that we ought to make a new plan.It was rumoured that he was suffering from a stone in the kidney.主语从句在雅思主语从句在雅思Writing中的应用中的应用Appli

5、cation.非常重要非常重要/必要必要it is critical/crucial/essential/fundamental/significant/vital that sb.should do sth.反向思维？反向思维？it is not unnecessary/unimportant that语法点：双重否定表肯定语法点：双重否定表肯定 主语从句在雅思主语从句在雅思Writing中的应用中的应用 Application.显而易见显而易见It is self-evident/self-explanatory/axiomatic/apparentcrystal clear/as cle

6、ar as daylight that主语从句在雅思主语从句在雅思Writing中的应用中的应用 Application 毋庸置疑毋庸置疑 it isindisputable/unquestionableundoubted/non-controversialnon-debatable that主语从句在雅思主语从句在雅思Writing中的应用中的应用 Application 毋庸置疑毋庸置疑 It goes without denying that It goes beyond any denial/debate/dispute/doubt/controversy/question that

7、宾语从句宾语从句 语法功能：宾语语法功能：宾语（1）最常见的是由）最常见的是由that引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句。句。【例句】【例句】I know she was against us.常见的能跟常见的能跟that从句的动词有：从句的动词有：acknowledge add admit advise agree allege announce answer assure boast believe claim command comment complain confess confirm decide demand deny determine direct discover doubt dr

8、eam estimate expect explain fear feel find forget guarantee guess hear hint常见的能跟常见的能跟that从句的动词有：从句的动词有：hope imagine inform insist intend know learn maintain mean move order predict prefer promise propose prove provide read realize recommend remember reply report request require reveal say see sense

9、shout show suggest suppose swear tell think urge vote wish writethat引导的宾语从句在雅思作文中的引导的宾语从句在雅思作文中的应用应用我认为我认为.I claim/contend/assert/deem/reckon that宾语从句宾语从句（2）由）由what引导的从句。引导的从句。Show me what youve bought.(3)由连接代词由连接代词/副词引导的从句。副词引导的从句。where how why who what whether.Every health system in an economicall

10、y developed society is faced with the need to decide(either formally or informally)what proportion of the communitys total resources should be spent on health-care;how resources are to be apportioned;what diseases and diabilities and which forms of treatment are to be given priority.and which forms

11、of treatment are the most cost-effective.(雅思剑四阅读）雅思剑四阅读）定语从句定语从句-限制性的定语从句限制性的定语从句（Defining Attributive Clause)-非限制性的定语从句非限制性的定语从句(Non-defining Attributive Clause）限制性限制性 versus 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 从句对所修饰的词的意思加以限制，具有从句对所修饰的词的意思加以限制，具有形容词的功能，表示形容词的功能，表示“.的人的人/物物”这类这类从句叫做限制性定语从句。从句叫做限制性定语从句。对所修饰的词没有限制词义的作用

12、，而是对所修饰的词没有限制词义的作用，而是做了一些补充说明，通常都有一个逗号把做了一些补充说明，通常都有一个逗号把它和句子的其他部分分开。限制性定语从它和句子的其他部分分开。限制性定语从句拿掉后，句子意思发生变化，甚至不能句拿掉后，句子意思发生变化，甚至不能成立，而非限定性定语从句拿掉后，对于成立，而非限定性定语从句拿掉后，对于其他部分没有太大影响。其他部分没有太大影响。雅思阅读雅思阅读 实例分析实例分析 There are examples of languages that have survived in written form and then been revived by lat

13、er generations.（剑四（剑四Test 2)雅思阅读雅思阅读 实例分析实例分析 In the Native American Navajo nation,which sprawls across four states in the American south-west,the native language is dying.（剑四）（剑四）In purely scientific terms,Baekelands major contribution to the field is not so much the actual discovery of the materia

14、l to which he gave his name,but rather the method by which a reaction between phenol(酚）酚）and formaldehyde（甲醛）（甲醛）could be controlled.(剑五剑五Test 2 Reading)定语从句定语从句限制性和非限制性共同点（引导词）：限制性和非限制性共同点（引导词）：多由关系代词和关系副词引导多由关系代词和关系副词引导关系代词关系代词who whom whose that which关系副词关系副词 where when why有时引导词还可以与介词连用：有时引导词还可以与介词连用：to which,by which.