份大学英语1第2次.docx

1、份大学英语1第2次2017年12月份大学英语(1)-(-第2次-)第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共 5 小题，每小题 20 分）1. There is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, w

2、hile at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone kne

3、w that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors. This injustice demoralized the young engineer and many of her colleagues. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.All the same, we should not be pessimistic. More and more, the modern

4、 world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their face fits. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine, which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped it, once. The machine started up

5、immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, This cant be right! $100 just for tapping a machine with a hammer? The engineer wrote out a new bill: For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap it, $99. (1). It is believed that some people have succeeded in life because_.A. the

6、y feel superior to othersB. they are both influential and powerfulC. they have some special advantagesD. they have a poor background(2). The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because_.A. it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleaguesB. her boss did not

7、 think she had the right qualifications for the jobC. the man who got his promotion was more experienced than she wasD. her bosses did not approve of her political views and opinions(3). The engineer who repaired the machine was right to charge $100 because_.A. he was the only person who could find

8、out what was wrong with itB. the factory owner could not have repaired it himselfC. he hit the machine to get it started againD. he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills(4). The authors attitude toward the widespread belief is_.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. sympathetic(5). According

9、to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?_A. Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.B. The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.C. Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.D. Those who are good in their job

10、are still largely needed by the modern society.2. In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside, since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax mone

11、y the cities needed to maintain the neighborhood, in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the past sixty years, San

12、Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for busin

13、ess only. During the day they would be filled with people working in the offices and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the s

14、ame area? Gradually some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the subu

15、rbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium as well(1). What did the city lose when those people moved out to the suburbs?_ A. housesB. carsC. jobsD. tax money(2). What are not the resulting effects on cities when those people moved out?_A. There were more crimes.B. Cities w

16、ere in a bad condition.C. Only one mass transit system was completed.D. Some small companies moved in while larger ones moved out.(3). According to the passage, the suburbs_.A. were deserted at nightB. were deserted at nightC. had a high construction costD. had some declined business center(4). Whic

17、h of the following statements are True according to the passage?_A. Some companies in the United States moved to Sweden, Germany and Belgium.B. Fresh air, spacious room and being away from others attract people to move to the suburbs.C. People wouldnt pay tax when they moved out of cities.D. The nei

18、ghborhood should be maintained by old and poor people.(5). What is the best title for this passage?_A. Urban RenewalB. Suburban SprawlC. Effects of the move to the suburbsD. Development of the Suburbs3. Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest（珠穆朗玛峰）. It is the highest m

19、ountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Mount Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.The team of eight Americans will be

20、 guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal（尼泊尔夏尔巴人）. Their goal is to remove all the trash（废物，垃圾）they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and other kinds of trash. They are expected to remove at l

21、east three tons of trash in large bags.Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes the effort will influence other people to clean up the environ

22、ment closer home.Human waste on Everest is a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat human waste. Over the years, the waste articles have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villag

23、es below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Everest has become more popular. (1). What are those Americans concerned about when they are planning the trip up Mount Everest?_A. The environment pollution of the mountain.B. The success in climbing up the mountain.C. The equi

24、pment for their trip to the mountain.D. The risks facing the climbers of the mountain.(2). From the passage we can learn that the clean-up effort _.A. is opposed by the local peopleB. is the largest one supported by NepalC. is encouraged by the American governmentD. is the greatest one ever made on

25、Mount Everest(3). What does the American team plan to do on the trip up the mountain? _A. To make Everest even cleaner than it was.B. To tell climbers not to leave waste materials.C. To take away all the trash they could find there.D. To collect and treat human waste before the ice melted.(4). Team

26、leader Mr. Hoffman hopes to turn Mount Everest into _.A. its former state a few years agoB. its original condition half a century agoC. a place with no pollution at allD. the cleanest mountain in the world(5). What is probably the best title for this passage? _A. A Risky Trip Up Mount EverestB. Poll

27、ution on Mount EverestC. Mount Everest Clean-up EffortD. Robert Hoffman and His Clean-up Team4. Since founding his Microsoft computer software company in 1975, Bill Gates, this pale-skinned, soft-handed little genius has turned the company into a transnational monster with a market capitalization of

28、 $ US38 billion value that makes it bigger than Ford, General Motors or Boeing. Bill Gatess own 30 percent share of the company has made him, at 38, the second richest individual in the US, worth somewhere about $ 9 billion.Forbes magazine recently estimated that, if you converted his personal wealt

29、h into Rolls Royces, they would stretch nose-to-tail from Seattle, Microsofts hometown, to Vancouver in Canada, a distance of 500 kilometers. Gates and his wife will be moving into a $ US25 million house on the shore of Lake Washington.Microsoft empire, which was founded on the motto A computer on e

30、very desk and in every home, running Microsoft Software. Sometimes wed drop the in every home bit, Gates says, and sometimes wed drop the running Microsoft bit, depending on who we were talking to. In the 18 years since he first suspected that the microprocessor chip was going to change the world, G

31、atess vision has proved remarkably prescient. As well as business undergoing computerization, a quarter of American homes now contain a personal computer or PC, with as many again planning to buy one in the next two years. They may not all be running Microsoft programs, but about 90 percent of them are.Even so Gates admits it has been a longer wait than he originally anticipated. He thought that computer developments would happen much