高考英语专题复习江苏任务型阅读有详细答案解析.docx

1、高考英语专题复习江苏任务型阅读有详细答案解析专题10任务型阅读1.【2017年高考江苏卷英语】任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Population ChangeWhy is the worlds population growing? The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been repr

2、oducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30. By 2000 the average age was 65. But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.Statistics show

3、that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the worlds population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e. 2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-r

4、eplacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the worlds people now live in such nations), but youd be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of wo

5、rk force within a few decades.A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population zxxk decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, ec

6、onomic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble. Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.

7、 Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961. Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends dont bend, Russias popula

8、tion will be about the size of Yemens by the year 2050. In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas

9、 and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% of Indias working-age population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the countrys potential work force could be totally uneducated.One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique amon

10、g developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 20102030. Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer te

11、rm. Population Change 71. 【答案】lower 【解析】根据declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st可知，21世纪的出生率比20世纪低，且much/ even/far/a lot/ a little等修饰比较级，故填lower。72. 【答案】size/scale 【解析】根据第二段中的almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate可知，发达国家人口出生率正在下降，即人口难以维持现有的规模，mainta

12、in一词是做题的依据，故填size/scale。 74. 【答案】economic 【解析】接下来几段分别讲了中国、俄罗斯、印度的人口与经济问题，根据economic development before a population decline hits the country可知答案。75.【答案】old/older 【解析】根据A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China可知，中国可能会迎来年轻劳动力的危机，故填older。76.【答案】earlier 【解析】根据the country has shrun

13、k by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it可知，俄罗斯人口由于缩短的寿命而急剧下降。77.【答案】living/life 【解析】此处是说，如果俄罗斯人改变他们的生活方式，他们的情况可能会好一些。78. 【答案】equality 【解析】根据倒数第二段中的but in the south, where most economic

14、development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly可知，教育可以降低出生率，因此，可以通过普及教育来抑制人口增长。79. 【答案】immigration 【解析】根据最后一段中的One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.可知，通过移民来引入外来工人是解决劳动力短缺的一种方法。80. 【答案】compensate 【解析】根据最后一段中的Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfull

15、y accepting immigrants. As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population可知，美国的移民政策将会使劳动力有所增加。接纳移民可以弥补劳动力的短缺。2.【江苏省泰州市泰州中学2018届高三上学期开学考试】任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最拾当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。“The gaokao, Chinas national college entra

16、nce exam, is winning more recognition as a way for universities overseas to evaluate Chinese students,” recruiting officers said. Stanley Nel, vice-president of international relations at the University of San Francisco in the United States, who is responsible for the universitys admissions from Chi

17、na, said he had had several inquiries from US universities about how to recruit Chinese students on the basis of their gaokao scores. The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) have long been two musts for students from other counties, including China, t

18、o apply to study in the US. USF, a private university in California, started a pilot program to accept Chinese students based on their gaokao scores in 2015. The idea came from USF President Paul Fitzgeralds belief that standardized tests like the SAT are not very good predictors of how well student

19、s will do at the university. We are aware of the many criticisms that have been made of the gaokao, but it has the advantage of being what educational experts call a criterion-referenced exam: It tests whether students are able to master a given body of knowledge, he said. Currently, at least four h

20、igher education institutions in the US are recruiting Chinese students based on their gaokao performances. The Illinois Institute of Technology, a private institution in Chicago, started the practice first, in 2009. Outside the US, countries including Spain, Italy, Singapore, France and Australia al

21、so recognize gaokao scores. More than 200 students from China requested an interview with USF last year. 74 of them were selected for a follow-up interview,44 received offers and 20 accepted the invitation and joined USF for the 2015 fall semester. Students admitted in this way have done exceptional

22、ly well in the past academic year, Nel added. The average GPA for all gaokao students is about 3. 5 out of 4. For all other studentsAmerican and non-gaokao international studentsAmerican and non-gaokao international studentsthe average GPA is 3. 2,he said. Zhu Zihao gained admission in computer scie

23、nces at USF in 2015 through the program and performed well in his first academic year. He said that students who had experienced Chinas gaokao usually had comprehensive basic knowledge, which helps them excel in studies. Nel said, students admitted through Chinas gaokao are not only smart but extrem

24、ely conscientious（认真的）and hardworking. This year we hope to recruit about 50 students in this way, and even more in years to come, he said. The gaokaoPast situationUniversities in the US evaluated Chinese students according to two (1)_: The Test of English as a Foreign Language and the Scholastic Ap

25、titude Test. (2)_situationThe gaokao is increasingly(3)_as a way of evaluating Chinese students by universities abroad. (4)_of the people concernedStanley Nelthe person responsible for the universitys admissions from ChinaChinese students having received good scores in the gaokao performed academica

26、lly well when studying in America. Chinese students admitted through China gaokao are smart, conscientious and (5)_. Paul FitzgeraldUSF PresidentDespite the (6)_the gaokao has received, it has its advantages. It tests students (7)_to master a given body of knowledge. Some standardized tests cannot(8

27、)_students performance at the university well. Zhu Zihaoa student admitted to USF in 2015The(9)_of the gaokao is helpful for the performance at the university well. Future situationMore Chinese students will be recruited by the universities overseas(10)_on their performance in the gaokao. 【答案】1. mus

28、ts 2. Present/Current 3. recognized 4. Opinions/Views/Ideas/Beliefs 5. hardworking6. criticisms 7. ability 8. predict 9. experience 10. based【分析】1. 信息查找题。根据The Test of English as a Foreign Language and the Scholastic Aptitude Test.可以定位到原文的第三段The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the

29、Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) have long been two musts所以填原词musts“必要条件”。2. 信息查找题。根据universities abroad可以定位到原文第五段Currently, at least four higher education institutions in the US are recruiting Chinese students based on their gaokao performances.可知应该填Current/Present situation现状。3. 信息查找题。根据原文第一段，可知将rec

30、ognition替换成表格中的be recognized as被当成，被认可。4. 总结概括题。根据表格右侧的内容可知，左侧应该是总结：相关人物的观点，故填Opinions/Views/Ideas/Beliefs。5. 信息查找题。根据conscientious 可以定位原文最后一段：not only smart but extremely conscientious（认真的）and hardworking.6. 信息查找题。根据Paul Fitzgerald可以定位到原文第四段，其中We are aware of the many criticisms that have been made

31、 of the gaokao, but it has the advantage of being what educational experts call a criterion-referenced exam:。but作为转折可以替换成despite of criticism。7. 信息查找题。根据第四段的最后一句It tests whether students are able to master a given body of knowledge，将be able to 换成ability。8. 信息查找题。根据standardized tests可以定位原文的第四段standardized tests like the SAT are not very good predictors of how well students will do at the university可以得出cannot后填动词原形predict。9. 信息查找题。根据Zhu zihao可以定位到倒数第二段He said that students who had experienced