中考英语现在完成时精讲精练.docx

1、中考英语现在完成时精讲精练中考英语现在完成时精讲精练语法精讲（一）定义现在完成时主要用来表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如： I have already seen the film. She has just had a bath.第一句说明看电影是过去发生的，用了现在完成时是要表示说话者可能不想再看了，或者对该电影的内容已经很熟悉了，等等。第二句说明她洗澡是过去发生的，用了现在完成时是要表示她不需要再洗澡了等。（二）基本结构现在完成时的句子结构一般为：肯定句主语+have/has+过去分词+其他成分 We have already had lunch. He has been a

2、way for a week.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）（三）主要用法1、表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的副词有already、just、never、ever、yet等。如： They have already come back from the museum. She has already finished her home

3、work.2、表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且有可能会继续持续下去。此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的标志性词语主要有for和since，而且此时的谓语动词往往是持续性动词（如stay、keep、wait等）。如： I have lived here for ten years. He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago.3、表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作。此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的主要是表频度的副词often、always、seldom、never等，以及表次数的单词或短语（如once、twice、three tim

4、es）。如： You have never listened to me like this before. She has ever been to France. They have visited the Summer Palace many times.（四）动词的过去分词1、规则变化其变化规则与动词的一般过去时基本相同，主要是在词尾加-ed或-d。具体的有：1）直接加-ed。如：worked、played。2）以不发音的e结尾的动词后加-d。如：lived、danced。3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词后改y为i，再加-ed。如：studied、cried。4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词后，

5、双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stopped、patted。2、不规则变化如果结合动词的过去式，动词的过去分词的不规则变化中，又有一些相对的规则现象。如：1）AAA型。如：put put put；read read read。其中，read的过去式和过去分词虽然拼写时一样的，但其发音与原形不同，ea不再读作i，而是e。2）ABB型。如：keepkeptkept；sit satsat3）ABA型。如：run ran run；come came come4）ABC型。如：lielaylain；drink drank drunk5）AAB型。如：beatbeatbeaten（五）标志性词语1、

6、副词already、just、never、ever、yet等。如： She hasnt arrived in Scotland yet. They have just left for Shanghai.2、for和since。for+一段时间，since+具体时间。如： He has learned Italian for five months. He has learned Italian since five months ago.3、so far和up to/till now。表示“迄今为止”。如： So far, no one has heard any news about he

7、r. She has read fifty books up to now.4、recently、lately等表示“最近；最新”的副词和形容词。如： Ive met her on several occasions recently. He hasnt had enough sleep lately.5、in the past/last+一段时间，表示“在过去的.时间里”。如： In the past few years, new buildings have sprung up all over Beijing. He had aged rapidly in the last few mo

8、nths.6、次数。如： Ive tried many times, but theres no way. He has been there at least twice.（六）have been to/have gone to/have been in1、have been to表示“去过已回”。句子主语就在现场。如： They have been to Rome many times. She has been to Shanghai more than once.2、have gone to表示“去了未回”。句子主语不在现场。如： Jerry has gone to Hangzhou.

9、 Mary has gone to Finland.3、have been in表示“一直待在某地”。如： We have been in Beijing for five weeks. They have been in China since 2012.同步练习题【典型考例1】（2019江苏南通）-Is everyone here, Jonathan? -No. Sir. Millie is absent. She for two days.A.has fallen ill B. has been ill C. fell ill D. was ill【析】正确答案B。句意是：乔纳森，人到齐

10、了吗？老师，没有。米莉缺席了。她生病已经两天了。Fall ill与be ill都表示“生病”，但fall ill为非延续性动词，在现在完成时中不可与段时间连用，须转换为be ill才可以，所以，正确答案为B。【典型考例2】（2019广西玉林）-Jenny, your new tape player looks great.-Oh, its not new. I _ it for three years.A.buy B.have had C.bought D.have bought【析】正确答案：B。句意是：詹妮，你的新随身听看上很不错啊！哦，它不是新的。我已经买了3年了。非延续性动词buy在现

11、在完成时中，不可与段时间状语连用，因此，须转换为延续性同义动词have或own。所以，正确答案为B 。【强化练习】一、根据汉语意义或首字母提示，写出正确单词。1.（2019四川广安） I havent _ (收到来信) from Sally before.2.（2019浙江杭州）.Im very hungry . I havent e_ anything since 7:00 this morning3.（2019广西北部湾经济开发区） Bob and Jim have been good friends_(自从)they joined the same tennis team.二、用所给单词

12、的正确形式填空4.（2019山东青岛）The writer is so popular that he _(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.5.（2019江苏连云港）-I_ (have a fever)since last night.-Youd better go to see a doctor.6.（2019江苏泰州）So far, the couple _ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.7.（2019甘肃兰州）Jim has never _(be) to Mount T

13、ai in China.8.（2019贵州安顺） Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and _(keep) it for 5 days.9.（2019湖北鄂州）Cathy and Linda ( not be) back to their hometown for two years.10.（2019江苏南通）-Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?-Sure. I (finish)my DIY project.三、单项选择11.（2019山东临沂） Melting ic

14、e (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.A. rose B. have risen C. rise12.（2019安徽）Its ten years since we came hereHow time flies! We _ in China for so long.A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked13.（2019江苏泰州）-Have you ever been to Shanghai

15、?-Of course. Actually, I _there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.A. workedB. was workingC. would work D. have worked14.（2019湖北武汉）. I ate some fruit, which I _ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.A. have enjoyed B. enjoyed C. enjoy D.had enjoyed15.（2019湖南郴州）- Where is Mr. Gr

16、een?- He the bookshop. You have to wait for him.A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to16.（2019广东） My father _ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was working B. is working C. has workedD. will work17.（2019湖北襄阳）.- Why wont we play basketball with Class 4

17、 this afternoon?-Because they_ Longzhong for a study trip.A. have gone to B. have been to C. had gone toD. had been to18.（2019湖北随州）Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?In July. I _it for two weeks.A.had B. have had C. have bought D. bought19.（2019江苏淮安） -Where are the teachers now? - In the

18、meeting room. They _ the meeting for 10 minutes.A. have begunB. have been onC. have hadD. have been held20.（2019湖北黄冈）-Where is Catherine? I havent seen her for days.-She Wuhan. Shell be back next week.A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone toD. have been to21.（2019湖南长沙）I _ abroad for several yea

19、rs, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.Aam living Blived Chave lived22.（2019四川眉山）-Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?-Dont worry. She will call you as soon as she there.A. been；will getB. been；getsC. gone；will getD. gone；gets23.（2019四川眉山）-Your

20、 new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?- In October. I it for two months.A. hadB. boughtC. have hadD. have bought24.（2019福建）-Look! My mother _ a new dress for me.-Wow, it looks very nice on you.A.is making B.has made C.will make25.（2019呼和浩特）The shop in Wanda Square _ for six years, but I _ there

21、 so far.A.has opened; havent gone B.has been open; havent beenC.has been open; havent gone D.has been opened; havent been26.（2019湖南湘潭）-Have you ever _ the Terracotta Army in Xian ?-Yes. I went there last year.A.gone to B.been to C.been in27.（2019北京）Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more acti

22、vities now.A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed28.（2019湖北宜昌）-What progress Huawei _ in recent years!-No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A.is making B.has made C. makes D. made29.（2019贵州毕节）-How many letters youto your mother?- 109 in all, since 2016.A. has, writtenB

23、. have, writtenC. did, writeD. are, writing30.（2019湖南湘西）-_ you ever _ Hong Kong -Zhuhai _Macao Bridge ?-Not yet.A.Did; visit B.Are; visit C.Have , visited31.（2019哈尔滨）-Hi, Tom! _ you ever _ the Birds Nest ?-Yes, I have. Its fantastic.A.Have, been to B.Have, gone to C. Did, go to32.（2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔）As an

24、exchange student, Alan_ Qiqihar for one and a half years.A.has been to B.has been in C.has gone to33（2019四川广元）-How long have you_ your cap? It looks cool.-About two weeks.A. borrowed B. bought C. had34.（2019贵阳）Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erquan Yingyue. It _ one of Chinas national tr

25、easure.A.becomes B.became C.has become35（2019贵州黔西南）-How many letters _ you _ to your mother?-109in all, since 2016 A.has, written B.have; written C.did; write D.are ; writing四、完成句子36.（2019四川达州）China has been able to make big planes like C919 with scientists great effects._ China _ able to make big planes like C919 with scientists great effects?37.（2019辽宁盘锦）布朗(Brown) 一家人已经在上海生活10年了 The Browns have lived in Shanghai _ 10 years ago.38.（辽宁铁岭）复仇者联盟4已经上映两个月了。Avengers:Endgame _ for two months.39.（2019辽宁辽阳）他们已经采取行动挽救野生动物了吗？Have they _ to save wild animals yet?40. 我还没有看完这本书。I _ the book yet.