深圳市高考英语 阅读理解试题附答案.docx

1、深圳市高考英语 阅读理解试题附答案深圳市高考英语 阅读理解试题(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight backby

2、 eating healthier. The pull of junk food can be super-strong. Its designed to tasty; which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food. Professor Christopher Bryan says, Food comp

3、anies want you to want junk food. They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across a f

4、loor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food. Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fit-looking pop stars and smiling, active teens. We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them, Bryan says. He worked with

5、 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is had, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice. T

6、he students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain, and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when youre older. After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most did

7、nt have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.（1）Why does the author mention the questions in paragraph 1? A.To express his doubts about junk food.B.To promote the idea of healthy eating.C.To describe the situation of junk food.D.To introduce the topic for discussion.（2）What remains a great

8、health challenge to doctors? A.Making people do more exercise.B.Making people eat healthily.C.Making people lose weight.D.Making people prefer junk food.（3）What message does paragraph 3 mainly try to convey? A.What makes junk food almost impossible to resist.B.What influences junk food can have on c

9、onsumers.C.How food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.D.Why food companies promote the consumption of junk food.（4）Which of the following words can best describe Bryans lessons? A.Shocking.B.Popular.C.Effective.D.Abstract.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单

10、纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。 （1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知本文介绍了一项研究：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? 你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？Do you eat it anyway? 你仍然还吃垃圾食品？ 是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Its designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the gre

11、at health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中

12、添加更多的糖”。由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didnt have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面

13、的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 An aspirin a day keeps the doctor away Dr. Tim Johnson discusses evidence of a daily dose of aspirins benefits. Thats not the saying, but doctors have agreed, for about a generation, that an aspi

14、rin a day is good for you. It may reduce the risk of heart attacks or strokes by 20 percent or more. The US Preventive Services Task Force, an independent group convened by the Department of Health and Human Services, has published guidelines that it says should end the confusion. The key points: Me

15、n should start a daily aspirin at age 45, mainly to protect against heart attacks. Women should start at 55, mainly to protect against stroke. For both sexes, a baby aspirin-typically 81 milligram a day-will do the job. There is no evidence that a large dose makes a difference. And both sexes should

16、 stop by age 80, unless their doctors say otherwise. As you get older, theres a greater risk of bleeding in the brain or the digestive system, a risk that is small but can be deadly in some cases. If people start taking aspirin as the guidelines, doctors say their risk of heart attacks will drop by

17、about 20 percent. People may ask themselves Am I at risk for a heart attack or a stroke? said Dr. Randal Thomas, director of cardiovas-cular health at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota If you are age 45 and male, if youre above age 55 and female, the answer is most likely yes, and you will most likely be

18、nefit from taking a small dose of aspirin a day.（1）What might Dr. Tim Johnson think of taking an aspirin a day? A.It is useless for the old.B.It will keep the doctor away.C.It is beneficial to health.D.It will have harmful side effects.（2）What can we learn from the guidelines? A.The aspirin has the

19、same effect on both men and women.B.A large dose of aspirin will cause bleeding in the brain.C.People should start taking aspirin at age 45.D.It will be a waste if you take more than 81 milligram of aspirin a day.（3）What might be Dr. Randal Thomas attitude to the guidelines? A.Critical.B.Supportive.

20、C.Cautious.D.Doubtful.（4）What is the text mainly about? A.How to keep the doctor away.B.How to reduce the healthy risk.C.What are benefits of aspirin.D.Who should take aspirin and when.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍类谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Dr.Tim Johnson discusses evidence of a

21、daily dose of aspirins benefits.“可知阿司匹林对健康是有好处的。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三小点”a baby aspirin-typically 81 milligram a day-will do the job. There is no evidence that a large dose makes a difference.“可知阿司匹林服入超过81毫克是没有作用的，也就是过多的服用是浪费，故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”you will most likely benefit from taking a small dose

22、 of aspirin a day.“每天服用小剂量的阿斯匹林最有可能使你受益。可推知 Dr.Randal Thomas指导方针持支持态度。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的”If you are age 45 and male, if youre above age 55 and female, the answer is most likely yes, and you will most likely benefit from taking a small dose of aspirin a day.“可知，短文介绍服用阿司匹林的指导方针。45岁的男性和55岁以上的女性，是可

23、以服用阿司匹林的，每天服用小剂量的阿司匹林中受益。可知文章主要讲的是谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。 3阅读理解 Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in prize money. To win, they had to finish the 142-mile race in les

24、s than 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key partdrivers. DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as

25、 it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake lock up in the starting area. Another began by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles. One turned upside down.

26、 One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote control. One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock. The winner, if there was any, reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long, narrow hole, and the

27、 front wheels caught on fire. You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things, says Reinhold Behringer, who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics. Even ants (蚂蚁) can do all these tasks effortlessly. Its very hard for us to put these abilitie

28、s into our machines. The robotic vehicles, though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance, had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately. Sure, that very young child, who has just only learned to walk, may n

29、ot think to wipe apple juice off her face, but she already knows that when theres a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table, and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good. She is more advanced, even months old, than any machine humans have designed.（1）Watchers doubted if any of

30、 the vehicles could finish the race because_. A.they did not have any human guidanceB.the road was not familiar to the driversC.the distance was too long for the vehiclesD.the prize money was unattractive to the drivers（2）DARPA organized the race in order to_. A.raise money for producing more roboti

31、c vehiclesB.push the development of vehicle industryC.train more people to drive in the desertD.improve the vehicles for future wars（3）From the passage we know robotic vehicles are a kind of machines that _. A.can do effortlessly whatever tasks living thing canB.can take part in a race across 142 miles with a