mba联考英语阅读解析.docx

1、mba联考英语阅读解析 【经典资料，文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，文档，可修改】MBA联考英语阅读解析2013?真题?Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just?how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill

2、has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”?Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sa

3、gging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign work

4、ers.?In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign lab

5、or, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius.?Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Average is over.?Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will.

6、 As they say, if horses could have voted, there never would have been cars. But theres been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,?“In the 10 years ending in 2009, U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufact

7、uring jobs- about 6 million in total- disappeared.”?There will always be change-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make th

8、emselves above average. Here are the latest unemployment rates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for Americans over 25 years old: those with less than a high school degree, 13.8 percent; those with a high school degree and no college, 8.7 percent; those with some college or associate degree, 7.7 p

9、ercent; and those with bachelors degree or higher, 4.1 percent.?In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to buttress (support) employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every Amer

10、ican has access to post-high school education.?21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate _A the impact of technological advancesB the alleviation of job pressureCthe shrinkage of textile millsDthe decline of middle-class incomes【分析】第一段第二行指出笑话是关于纺织厂自动化程度的，后一句具体说明了笑话的内容：工厂平均每天只有两个人，一人一狗。人的工作是喂

11、狗，狗的工作是看机器，暗示了工厂所有的生产工作都是由机器自动完成的。因此，这个笑话是用来说明技术进步的影响，故选A。?22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to _A work on cheap softwareBask for a moderate salaryCadopt an average lifestyleDcontribute something unique【分析】事实细节题，通过题干，我们首先可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段的最后一句话“Therefore, everyone need

12、s to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.”意思是“因此，人人都需要有另外的价值，异于常人的独特价值能够让他们在各自的雇佣市场上脱颖而出”，我们可以得出，题干中“to be a successful employee”与第三段的最后一句话中的“that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment”是同义替换，“ever

13、yone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution”与D选项中的“contribute something unique”是同义替换，所以D选项正确。?23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _A gains of technology have been erasedB job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC factories are making much less money than befor

14、eDnew jobs and services have been offered【分析】根据题干定位到第四段，第一句technology has been eating jobs（技术使工作机会减少）也反映了该段的主旨。而根据题干quotation一词，我们读到下划线部分有“shed workers （解雇工人）”、“roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared （大约1/3的手工生产工作机会消失，总计6百万）”，可推断出B选项。?24. According to

15、 the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is _A to accelerate the IT revolutionBto ensure more education for peopleCto advance economic globalizationDto pass more bills in the 21st?century【分析】?25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A New Law Takes E

16、ffectBTechnology Goes CheapCAverage Is OverDRecession Is Bad【分析】该题是主旨大意题，主要考查考生根据文章内容凝练主旨大意的能力。从整个文章的脉络来看，第一段以亚当.大卫森一篇论文中关于现代工厂自动化与仅需要一人一狗两个员工的一则笑话，揭示了科技进步给人们带来的影响。第二三段是科技的进步引起工厂自动化水平提高，普通员工如果没有竞争力和突出优势，就很容易失去工作，因此也对员工提出了更高的要求（extra-unique value contribution）。倒数第二段就是员工只有不断地提高自己的教育水平，才能让自己脱颖而出（to hav

17、e more and better education to make themselves above average）。最后一段点明主题，average is officially over。由此可见，全文一直在围绕这一宏观主线展开，这一主线也统领全文，所以正确答案为C。?Text 2?A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the

18、 United States came ?those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good.?They even had

19、an affectionate nickname, uccelli di passaggio,birds of passage.?Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation (驱逐出境). That framework has con

20、tributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. ?We dont need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories.?We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of

21、passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.?Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and particle physicists are among todays birds of passage. They are energetic participants i

22、n a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas.They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.?With or without permission, they straddle(叉开腿；跨坐；不表明态度) laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them

23、to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.?Accommodating this new world of people in motion will requir

24、e new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle.?Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally i

25、n the existing system.?26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who_A immigrate across the AtlanticBleave their home countries for goodC stay in a foreign country temporarilyD find permanent jobs overseas【分析】答案为C.词义句意题。根据题干，首先定位到首段末句。在这句中，birds of passage是前面一句中提到的意大利移民的昵称，他们只在美国居住了一段时间，但最终还是返回意大利。A项的内

26、容在首段首句有提及，但是它突出强调的是横跨大西洋的移民，这也是一世纪前的情况，而如今birds of passage可能来自世界各个角落，并非局限于大西洋两岸。B项、D项与段意不符。27. It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US _A needs new immigrant categoriesBhas loosened control over immigrantsCshould be adopted to meet challengesDhas been fixed via pol

27、itical means【分析】答案为C. 推理判断题。根据题干，直接定位到第二段。解题关键可定位到划线部分“We need to look beyond stick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.”大意是“我们需要突破合法和非法的严格限制。首先承认短暂移民者的存在，然后开始解决移民问题面临的挑战。”C项高度总结了以上几点。A项与原文意思不符

28、，第二段 很明显的与A相反。B、D项在文中未提及。?28. According to the author, todays birds of passage want _A financial incentivesB a global recognitionC opportunities to get regular jobsD the freedom to stay and leave【分析】答案为D。 事实细节题。根据题干，可定位到第三段。解题关键在于对“They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them .They can manag

29、e to have a job in one place and a family in another.”大意是“他们跟着机会走，来去自如。他们可以在一个地方立业，在另一个地方成家”。强调的根据工作机会而自由的来去。D项是这句意思的高度概括。A项是对原文的片面理解，吸引短暂移民者的不仅仅是来自金钱的激励（financial incentives），还有工作机会和工作理念。B项在文中未提及。C项中的regular jobs（有规律的工作）在文中未提及，也是对文意的曲解，文章显示的是job opportunities。?29. The author suggests that the birds

30、 of passage today should be treated _A as faithful partnersBwith economic favorsCwith legal toleranceD as mighty rivals【分析】答案为C. 推理判断题。根据题干，可定位到第五段。在本段中，作者写道我们应该“Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration toda

31、y requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system”，大意是“我们应该超越移民合法性方面的文化之争，重现看待中间地段，充分意识到当今的移民管理体系需要各种途径，从而取得多样化的结果，来解决现今移民体系下用法律手段很难解决的问题”，暗含了C项中的tolerance也就是对multiple paths and multiple outcomes的改写。A、B和D项在文中未提及。?30. Choose the best titleA come and go: big mistakeB living and thriving: great riskCwith or without: great riskDlegal or illegal: big mistake【分析】答案为D 主旨大意题。文章第二段提到“我们把新移民分成两类：合法移民和不合法移民”，同时作者认为“我们不需要局限于合法与不合法这样严格的定义”，这说明了从合法和不合法角度对于移民的分类是错误的。另外，文章最后一段最后一句“包括在现行的移民体系中不容易合法的实现的一些事情”也反映了文章的中心。即，从合法