名师PPT介词.pptx

1、 介词介词介词是用来表明名词、代词与句中其他介词是用来表明名词、代词与句中其他词的关系的词。词的关系的词。1.是虚词，一般不重读是虚词，一般不重读2.介于介于vi与宾语之间或在名，动名或代之前与宾语之间或在名，动名或代之前 3.有自己的意思有自己的意思4.与后面的词共同充当句子的成分。与后面的词共同充当句子的成分。1.简单介词简单介词2.合成介词合成介词3.双重介词双重介词4.介词短语介词短语1.概念：概念：3.特征：特征：2.构成：构成：4.考点体现考点体现：5.解题方法解题方法6.容易错误和要注意的地方容易错误和要注意的地方1.语法填空（纯空格）语法填空（纯空格）2.作文表达作文表达 3.

2、利用介词美化文章利用介词美化文章 in,atinto withoutHe came from behind the door.thanks to,because of宾，表，状，定，补宾，表，状，定，补1.Recentlythemostmovingthingisintheearthquake.2.Isawagirlbehindtheman.3.Thegirlinredismysister.4.1)WeliveinGuangzhou.2)Shegottoschoolat9:00.3)Igobackhomebybus.4)Thegamewasputoffbecauseofrain.5)作表语作表语

3、 作宾补作宾补作定语作定语(后置定语后置定语)作地点状语作地点状语作时间状语作时间状语作方式状语作方式状语作原因状语作原因状语介词短语的句法功能介词短语的句法功能主要功能：主要功能：介宾短语通常在句中充当介宾短语通常在句中充当 _、_、_或者或者_。表语定语(后置）宾补状语常用介词的用法常用介词的用法 在下列空格中填入适当的介词在下列空格中填入适当的介词1、时间上的某一点、某时刻、时间、阶段时间上的某一点、某时刻、时间、阶段_1:00/dawn/noon/the present stage/the age of 172、1)具体某一天具体某一天(的上下午的上下午/晚上晚上)或星期几或星期几 _

4、 June 20,2008/the morning of 16th _ the weekend/weekends2)_ hearing the news,she burst into tears.3、时时段段，用用在在年年,月月,季季节节,上上下下午午,晚晚上上等等词词前前1）_ 2003/September/Autumn/the 21st century/the morning2）The project will finish _ three months.Onatonat/oninin注意：注意：表示时间的词表示时间的词(morning,afternoon,evening,Sunday)前

5、面有前面有last,next,this,that时，不再用介词时，不再用介词tomorrow,tonight前也不再加介词前也不再加介词区分：区分：by/for/since 在表示时间在表示时间You must be back _ four oclock.We have studied English _ many years.They have been close friends _ childhood.byforsincebyforsince+时间点“到时候为止”+时间段 “(动作/状态)持续的时间;长达多久时间，常与完成时连用“自从时候以来”，也常与完成时连用（主句）by nowby

6、the end of He will be back _two hours.He will be back two hours _.He will be back _ two oclock.He came back _ two hours.inafter laterafter区分：区分：after/in/later 表示时间表示时间表将来表将来 in+时间段时间段 after+时间点时间点 after+时间段时间段 可用于过去时可用于过去时in/on/to 在表达地理位置上的区别在表达地理位置上的区别Haerbin lies _ the northeast of China.The North

7、 Korea lies _ the northeast of China.Japan lies _ the northeast of China.inonto在范围之内与相邻（接壤）不接壤（遍及）全世界（遍及）全世界 throughout the world all over the world around the worldby的用法1.AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus.被，由2.Thereisadeskbythewindow.3.HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhoubyship?在旁边 乘，坐4.Hepassedthecollegeentran

8、ceexaminationbyhardwork.凭借，依靠5.Byworkinghardhegainedrapidpromotion.6.Heisolderthanhiswifebythreeyears.7.Thecarfactoryhopestoincreaseitsoutputby50%nextyear.增加、减少/相差的幅度8.Theplanewillsurelyarrivebytenoclock.到为止9.Itsfiveoclockbymywatch.根据，按照10.Judgingbyappearancescanbemisleading.according topay sb bythe

9、hour按小时付钱给某人rent a car bytheday/week/month 表示方式、手段、工具paybycheque用支票付款learnsthbyheart背，记住These baskets are madebyhand.用手工制作的区分区分 by/through/with/inI make a living _teaching.byby“靠用”表示一种方式或手段或用于固定短语中by means of“用，通过方法”Ilearnedit_afriend.through“通过”表示一种途径，有时可与by 换用。Hesucceeded_hardwork.Hewaswriting_ape

10、ncil.Wesee_oureyes.withwithwith“用”后常接具体有形的物体。Hetalks_French.inpayincash 以现金支付以现金支付in“用（语言）”throughthrough/by with 的用法:1.Themanwenthomewithahappyheart.表伴随“带着，有，随着”2.Somehighschoolstudentsmayberequiredtohaveaninterviewwithpeoplefromtheuniversity.“与,和”3.Herfingerswerenumbwithcold.表原因numbwithcoldjumpwit

11、hjoysmilewithsatisfaction冻得发麻冻得发麻高兴得跳起来高兴得跳起来 满意地笑满意地笑“用”表伴随_ time going by=as time goes/went by连词with 的复合结构：with sb.doing sth.done sth.to dowithin 在在范围内范围内-(反义词反义词）beyondIt saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _ easy reach.在容易到达的范围之内在容易到达的范围之内I wouldnt have entered this famous uni

12、versity _ your help.withwithoutwithin隐含的条件句虚拟语气by/in/with/on用法归纳用法归纳write _ a pen/cut _ with a knifesee _ our eyes_ English/_ your own words_ a low voice_ this way_ bike/bus/train/road/air/sea/land_ this means_ the radio/the phone/TV_ the bike/bus/train/ship withwith inininbybyononwithinwith+工具工具/人体

13、部位人体部位in+语言语言/声音声音/方法方法wayby+交通工具交通工具/方法方法meanson+媒介媒介/the+交通工具交通工具要注意的地方要注意的地方1.With everything (buy),she went out the store with a full basket happily.2.She had no trouble （finish）the job.3.It was late and there wasnt any body whom she could turn for help.1.with的复合结构的复合结构boughtfinishingto2.介词的省略介词

14、的省略3.定从中的介词提前定从中的介词提前for 的用法表原因;Shestaredatmeforafewsecondsandhandedbackthemoney.Topayforthehigh-techhealthcare,peoplecanbuyhealthinsurancefortheirpets.表长达一段时间为了apologize to sbforsthWe apologize for any inconvenience caused during the repairs.我们为维修期间造成的任何不便道歉。for 的用法Areyoufororagainstthewar?.He was

15、too proud to ask his family for help and support.他自尊心太强，不愿向家人寻求他自尊心太强，不愿向家人寻求帮助和支持。帮助和支持。ask sb for sth问某人要某物问某人要某物赞成反对in favor ofobject to oppose vt.for,to He would do anything _ his motherland.Did you mention this _ my father?Its quite warm today _ November.What he told you just now was not new _

16、me.fortoforto for表示表示“为了为了.”to 表示动作对象表示动作对象,“对对,向向”for 表示表示“就某情况而说就某情况而说”,to 表示表示“对某对象而言对某对象而言”如：如：用用besides,except,except for,but/apart from填空填空We need fifteen more people _ our team to do the job._a desk or two,the classroom was empty.She seldom talked of anything _ painting._ his wife,his daughter also went swimming.We all attended the meeting _ Xiao Li.There is no one here _ Mary and Tom.Who _ a fool would do such a thing?besidesExcept forbutBesidesexceptbutbutbesides also，another，more，other