病理生理学中英文对照.docx

1、病理生理学中英文对照中英文对照1antichymotrypsin1抗糜蛋白1antitrypsin1抗胰蛋白 -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxa-zolep-propionate,AMPA -氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑-丙酸-ketoglutarate酮戊二酸盐2-microglobulin2微球蛋白 -aminobutyricacid,GABA -氨基丁酸1 -hydroxylase1 -羟化酶1,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3，1,25-OH2D31,25-二羟基维生素D31,2-diacylglycerol,DAG甘油二酯1,4,5-

2、inositoltriphosphate,IP3三磷酸肌醇acetylcholine,Ach乙酰胆碱acidosis酸中毒acromegaly肢端肥大症actionpotentialduration,APD动作电位时程ActivatedproteinCresistance,APCRAPC抵抗Acutephaseproteins急性期蛋白acuterenalfailure，ARF急性肾功能衰竭acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合征acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome,ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征acutetubularnecr

3、osis，ATN急性肾小管坏死adalylatecyclase,AC腺苷酸环化酶adeninenucleotide腺瞟呤核苷adhesionmolecule粘附分子adrenocorticalinsufficiency肾上腺皮质功能不全advancedglycosylationendproduct,AGE晚期糖基化终末产物agonosia失认airwayclosure气道闭合albuminuria蛋白尿aldosterone醛固酮aliphaticamines脂肪胺alkalosis碱中毒allergicalpurpura过敏性紫癜Alzheimersdisease,AD阿尔茨海默病 -mel

4、anocytestimulatinghormone, -MSH -黑素细胞刺激素ammonia氨Ammoniaintoxication氨中毒ammonium，NH4+铵amyloidprecursorprotein,APP淀粉样前体蛋白amyloidosis淀粉性变性病anaphylacticshock过敏性休克anasarca全身性水肿anatomicshunt解剖分流anemia贫血angiotensin血管紧张素angiotensinIIreceptorantagonists，AngIIRA血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂angiotensinII，AngII血管紧张素IIangiotensin

5、ase血管紧张肽酶angiotensin-convertingenzymeinhibitors,ACEI血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin-convertingenzyme,ACE血管紧张素转换酶aniongap(AG)阴离子间隙ankyrin锚蛋白anorexia食欲减退antidiuretichormone，ADH抗利尿激素anti-inflammatorymediator抗炎介质AntithrombinIII(ATIII)抗凝血酶IIIanuria无尿aphasia失语apolipoproteinE,apoE载脂蛋白Eapoptosis凋亡apoptosisactivating

6、factor(apaf-1)凋亡激活因子apoptosis-inducingfactor(AIF)凋亡诱导因子apraxia失用aquaporins(AQPs)水通道蛋白arachidonicacid，AA花生四烯酸argininevasopressin(AVP)精氨酸加压素aromaticaminoacids芳香族氨基酸arrhythmmias心律失常arteriosclerosis动脉硬化ascendingreticularactivatingsystem,ARAS上行激动系统ascendingreticularinhibitingsystem,ARIS上行抑制系统ascites腹水ata

7、xia-telangiectasiamutated(ATM)共济失调性毛细血管扩张突变ATP-sensitiveK+channels,KATPATP敏感的钾通道atrialnatriureticpeptide(ANP)心房利钠多肽autocrine自分泌autoimmunedisease自身免疫性疾病auto-transfusion自我输血(液)azotemia氮质血症basementmembrane基底膜BaxBcl-2familyBcl-2家族behavioraltemperatureregulations行为性体温调节bicarbonatebuffersystem碳酸氢盐缓冲系bicar

8、bonatereclamation碳酸氢盐回收bicarbonateregeneration碳酸氢盐再生成bioactivesubstances生物活性物质bloodbrainbarrier(BBB)血脑屏障bloodureanitrogen，BUN血液尿素氮bodyfluids体液bradykinin缓激肽brainstemreticularformation脑干网状结构brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor,BDNF脑源性神经营养因子branchchainaminoacids支链氨基酸buffersystem缓冲系统burnshock烧伤性休克butylenegly

9、col,丁二醇cachexia恶病质calcitonin(CT)降钙素calciumoverload钙超载calciumparadox钙反常carbamidine胍carbondioxideanaesthenia二氧化碳麻醉carbonmonoxide，CO一氧化碳carbonicanhydrase，CA碳酸酐酶carboxyhemoglobulinemia碳氧血红蛋白血症cardiacdilatation心室扩张cardiachypertrophy心肌肥大cardiacoutput心排出量cardiogenicshock心源性休克caspase半胱氨酸天冬酶cast管型，脱落物catalas

10、e过氧化氢酶catecholamines,Cas儿茶酚胺CDKinhibitors(CKIs)细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制因子cellapoptosis细胞凋亡cellcycle细胞周期celldifferentiation细胞分化cellproliferation细胞增殖centralvenouspressure,CVP中心静脉压cerebralcortex大脑皮层Ceruloplasmin铜蓝蛋白checkpoint细胞周期检查点cholecystokinin,CCK胆囊收缩素cholera霍乱cholineacetyltransferase胆碱乙酰转移酶chronicalcoholism慢性

11、酒精中毒chronicrenalfailure，CRF慢性肾功能衰竭ciliaryneurotrophicfactor,CNTF睫状神经营养因子circulatoryhypoxia循环性缺氧clearancerateofendogenouscreatinine内生肌酐清除率cognitivedisorder认知障碍collectingducts集合管colloidosmoticpressure胶体渗透压coma昏迷Compensatoryanti-inflammatoryresponsesyndrome,CARS代偿性抗炎反应综合征concentrichypertrophy向心性肥大confu

12、sion精神错乱confusion意识混浊consciousdisorder意识障碍consciousness意识corticotrophinreleasinghormone(CRH)促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素C-reactiveproteinC-反应蛋白creatinine肌氨酸酐CreutzfeldtJokobdisease,CJD海绵状脑病crosstalk交叉对话crushsyndrom挤压综合症cyanate氰酸盐cyclicadenosinemonophosphate(cAMP)环磷酸腺苷cyclin细胞周期素cyclin-dependentkinases(CDK)细胞周期素依赖性激

13、酶cyclooxygenases环加氧酶cylindruria管型尿cysteine-asparticacid-proteases，caspase半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸-蛋白酶cytochromeC细胞色素ccytoplasmicapoptosome胞浆凋亡体deadspacelikeventilation死腔样通气deathreceptor死亡受体deathsignal死亡信号delayedafterdepolarization延迟后除极delirium谵妄dementia痴呆desensitization减敏diabetesmellitus糖尿病diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮

14、症酸中毒diabeticnephropathy糖尿病肾病diamineoxidase二胺氧化酶diarrhea腹泻，痢疾diastolicfailure舒张性心衰differentiation-inducingdrugs分化诱导药物diffusiondisorder弥散障碍disseminatedintravascularcoagulation,DIC弥散性血管内凝血distalconvolutedtubules远曲小管distress劣性应激Distributiveshock分布性休克disturbanceinexecutivefunctioning失行disulfide(disulphid

15、e)，-SS-二硫化合物，二硫键DNAmethylationDNA甲基化Dopamine多巴胺dopaminedecarboxylase多巴胺脱羧酶dopaminergicneurons多巴胺能神经元dopamine-hydroxylase多巴胺羟化酶down-regulate下调dyspnea呼吸困难eccentrichypertrophy离心性肥大ecchymosis瘀斑edema水肿electrolyte电解质emaciate消瘦，憔悴end-diastolicpressure舒张末期压力endocrine内分泌endogenouspyrogens内生致热原endonuclease核酸内

16、切酶endothelialcell内皮细胞endothelin，ET内皮素Endotheliumderivedvasoactivemediators内皮源性血管活性介质endotoxemia内毒素血症endotoxicshock内毒素休克endotoxin内毒素end-stagerenalfailure肾衰末期epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF表皮生长因子,上皮生长因子equalpressurepoint等压点erythropoietin，EPO促红细胞生成素essentialhypertension原发性高血压eustress良性应激excitatoryneurotransm

17、itter兴奋性神经递质excitatorytoxicity兴奋性毒性excoriation表皮脱落exogenouspyrogens外致热原expiratorydyspnea呼气性呼吸困难extracellularfluid细胞外液extracellularmatrix，ECM细胞外基貭extracellularsignalregulatedkinase,ERK细胞外信号调节激酶falseneurotransmitters假性神经递质familialhypokalemicperiodicparalysis家族性低钾性周期性麻痹fever发热fibroblastgrowthfactor;FGF

18、纤维母细胞生长因子fibroblasts纤维原细胞，纤维母细胞fixedacid固定酸forwardmode正向转运Frank-Starlingmechanism弗-斯机制freeradical自由基fulminanthepaticfailure爆发性肝功能衰竭functionalshunt功能性分流gamma-aminobutyricacid-氨基丁酸Generaladaptationsyndrome(GAS)全身适应综合征gigantism巨人症glia-derivedneurotrophicfactor,GDNF胶质源性神经营养因子glomerularfiltrationrate,GRF

19、肾小球滤过率glomerularhyperfiltrationhypothesis肾小球过渡滤过假说glomerularultrafiltrationcoefficient肾小球超滤系数glomerular-tubularimbalance球管失平衡glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎glomerulosclerosis肾小球硬化glucagon胰高血糖素glucoseautooxidation葡萄糖自氧化glucuronicacid葡萄糖醛酸Glutamate谷氨酸glutaminase谷氨酰胺酶glutathioneperoxidase谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glycation糖化gl

20、ycosylation糖基化gout痛风growthhormone,GH生长激素guanidinecompound胍类化合物guanidinesuccinicacid胍基琥珀酸guanylin鸟苷素guanylylcyclase,GC鸟苷酸环化酶HCO3-碳酸氢盐浓度heartfailure心衰Heatshockproteins(HSP)热休克蛋白heat-shockfactor(HSF.)热休克因子heavymetals重金属hematomas血肿hematuria血尿hemeoxygenase，HO血红素加氧酶hemichypoxia血液性缺氧hemochromatosis血色素沉着病he

21、morrhagicshock失血性休克Henderson-HasselbalchequationHenderson-Hasselbalch公式Henlesloop亨利氏襻hepaticencephalopathy(HE)肝性脑病Hepaticfailure肝功能衰竭Hepaticinsufficiency肝功能不全hepatorenalsyndrome（HRS）肝肾综合征highaltitudepulmonaryedema高原肺水肿highoutputheartfailure高输出量性心衰Histamine组胺histogenoushypoxia组织性缺氧homeostasis稳态Huntin

22、gtondisease神经性舞蹈病hydrogenperoxide过氧化氢hydrophobicity疏水性hydrops积水hydrostaticpressure流体静压hydroxylradicals,OH羟自由基hydroxylations羟基化作用hyperaldosteronism醛固酮过多症Hyperarousal唤起、警觉过度hypercalcemia高钙血症hypercapnia高碳酸血症hypercapnicrespiratoryfailure高碳酸血症性呼吸衰竭hypercontracture过度挛缩hyperglycemia高糖血症hyperkalemia高钾血症hype

23、rkalemicperiodicparalysis高钾性周期性麻痹hyperlipidemia高脂血症hypermagnesemia高镁血症hypernatremia高钠血症hyperphosphatemia高磷血症hyperpolarizationblocking超级化阻滞hypersensitivity增敏hypertensivenephrosclerosis高血压性肾硬化hyperthermia过热hypertonicdehydration高渗性脱水hypertrophy肥大hyperventilation过度通气hypocalcemia低钙血症Hypoglycemia低血糖症Hypok

24、alemia低钾血症hypomagnesemia低镁血症hyponatremia低钠血症hypoperfusion低灌注hypophosphatemia低磷血症hyposthenuria低渗尿Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenalcortex(HPA)axis下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴hypotonicdehydration低渗性脱水hypotonichypoxemia低张性低氧血症hypotonichypoxia低张性缺氧hypovolumicshock低血容量性休克hypoxemicrespiratoryfailure低氧血症性呼吸衰竭hypoxia缺氧hypoxic

25、celldamage缺氧性细胞损伤hypoxicencephalopathy缺氧性脑病hypoxicpulmonaryhypertension(HPV)缺氧性肺血管收缩Hysteria癔症IL-1receptorantagonist,IL-1raIL-1受体拮抗剂inappetence食欲不振independentriskfactors独立风险因子indoles吲哚infectiousshock感染性休克inhibitorofapoptosis(IAP)凋亡抑制蛋白inosine次黄嘌呤核苷，肌苷inspiratorydyspnea吸气性呼吸困难insulingrowthfactor;IGF胰

26、岛素生长因子insulinlikegrowthfactor-1，IGF-1胰岛素样生长因子-1insulinreceptorsubstrate1/2,IRS-1/2胰岛素受体底物1/2insulin-dependentdiabetes胰岛素依赖性糖尿病intactnephronhypothesis健存肾单位假说intercellularadhesionmolecucle-1,ICAM-1细胞间粘附分子-1interferons(IFNs)干扰素interleukin白细胞介素interleukin-1,IL-1白介素-1internalenvironment内环境interstitialfib

27、rosis间貭纤维化interstitialfluid组织间液intracellularfluid细胞内液intracrine内在分泌intraglomerularcapillarypressure肾小球毛细血管血压intrarenalacuterenalfailure肾性急性肾功能衰竭Intrusion烦扰ischemiainjury缺血性损伤ischemia-reperfusioninjury缺血-再灌注损伤Ischemichypoxiastage缺血缺氧期isohydricprinciple等H+原则isosthenuria等渗尿isotonicdehydration等渗性脱水isoto

28、nichypoxemia等张性低氧血症Januskinase,JAKJAK激酶juxtaglomerularapparatus近球小体，球旁器juxtaglomerularcells近球细胞，球旁器细胞kallikreinkininprostaglandinsystem,KKPGS激肽释放酶-激肽-前列腺素系统kininogen激肽原leftventricular(LV)failure左心衰竭lethargy嗜睡，无生气leukotrienes白三烯lipidperoxidation脂质过氧化lipochromes脂色素lipopolysaccharide,LPS脂多糖lipoxygenase脂加氧酶Locusceruleus(LC)-norepinephrineneurons(NE)-sympathetic/adrenalm