状语从句(完整版).ppt

1、状语时用来修饰状语时用来修饰 词词，词词，词词或或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。句。分类如下：分类如下：动动形容形容副副句子句子状语从句状语从句1.时间时间状语从句状语从句2.地点地点状语从句状语从句3.原因原因状语从句状语从句4.条件条件状语从句状语从句5.让步让步状语从句状语从句6.目的目的状语从句状语从句7.结果结果状语从句状语从句8.方式方式状语从句状语从句9.比较

2、比较状语从句状语从句引导词可分为两部分引导词可分为两部分aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/timethemomenttheminute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一一就就)as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句,可以表达可以表达“正当正当”，“一一 边边一边一边”，“随着随着”等意思。等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。As the sun rose,the fog disappeared.2.表

3、示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。表示两个动作同时发生。Helen sang a song as she washed.4.表示表示“随着随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。的发展变化。As she grew older,she became more beautiful.1.as,whi

4、le,when的区别的区别while:持续性动词持续性动词进行时进行时一般或现在情况一般或现在情况将来情况将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时一般现在时或现在进行时过去情况过去情况e.g.I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g.Im going to the post office.-While you are there,can you get some stamps for me?e.g.I hurt my should while I was doing gym.While I was walking down t

5、he street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)While there is life there is hope.(while=_)He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.whenalthough as long asWhile 在句中的不同含义在句中的不同含义:when:持续性非持续性动词都可持续性非持续性动词都可当当时时正在正在忽然忽然e.g.When I

6、first saw her,I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight oclock when I got home.1)They were walking down the street when they saw an accident.2)I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.尽管虽然鉴于如果届时尽管虽然鉴于如果届时e.g.He walks when he might take a taxi.The Queen will visit the t

7、own in May,when she will open the new hospital.How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here?虽然虽然届时届时如果如果鉴于鉴于,既然既然 when 还有一些较为灵活的翻译还有一些较为灵活的翻译:before引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之前之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句

8、的动作之前。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。after引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之后之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。After you use plastic bags,you

9、 mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted.常用句型：常用句型：It has been(is)+时间段时间段+since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间

10、了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.until/till引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 until/till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到直到时时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。表示主句动作发生在从句之前。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay

11、 here until you come back.当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。主句常用否定形式。not until“直到直到才才”，这时，这时until 可用可用before替替换。换。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。assoonas引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为引导的时间状语从句，译为“一一就就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。表示从句动作一发生，主句

12、的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.相当于相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.Directly I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.名词短语名词

13、短语引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 the moment,the minute,the instant,the time,the hour,the day,by the time,each time,every time,next time,any time等等也可以引导时间状语从句。也可以引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.By the time you arrived,the lecture had already ended.By the time he comes,we will alre

14、ady have left.1.When every time I was in trouble,he wouldcometohelpme.2.At next time you come,do remember bringyoursonhere.3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：语法规则：every time,each time,next time,t

15、he first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句名词短语引导时间状语从句其他连词其他连词引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导引导时间状语从句时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当当no sooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。用部分倒装。I had no sooner begun to talk t

16、han he rang off.No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after C.in case D.the minute2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A.when B.until C.before D.since3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.since C.As D.While4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D.while