初中英语宾语从句课件.pptx

1、语法专项 Object Clause 宾语宾语从句从句 一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念I like my teacher.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语)I know him.（代词作宾语）代词作宾语）I know Mr Li teaches English.(句子作宾语）句子作宾语）概念：宾语从句即句子作宾语，概念：宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。二.包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句Eg:I know that he is honest.三、三、宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序（一）连接词（

2、一）连接词1.That：引导陈述句，常省略：引导陈述句，常省略2.whether/if：引导一般疑问句，意为：引导一般疑问句，意为“是是否否”3.连接代词连接代词who whom whose what which4.连接副词连接副词when why where how。(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常略。e.g,She told me(that)she would like to go with us.(2)以以whether或或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。从句同样择疑问句意思

3、的宾语从句。从句同样是陈述语序是陈述语序eg,I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.Do you have a penfriend?Mary asked me（合并一句）Mary asked me I had a penfriend.If/whetherIf与whether的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will c

4、ome is not decided.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接副词副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Where does he live?I didnt know.(改为宾语从句I didnt know _he _.wherelived（二）语序：陈述句语序（二）语序：陈述句语序即：陈述句结构（主即：陈述句结构（

5、主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）（三）三）时态时态(时态一致性）时态一致性）1.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从，宾语从 句的句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态时态。I dont think(that)you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr.Smith moved here?任任 何何2.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相，宾语从句只能用相应的应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过

6、去时，过去进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.过去过去3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使，即使主句用了主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _时态时态。例如：例如：The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在Do you know _?A.wher

7、e does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB巩固练习：巩固练习：I从下列从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?A.what Lily was B.what

8、 was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyC3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives here C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the ea

9、rth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled AC7.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.whichA8.Could you tell me _?A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave Beijing D.when did they leave Beijing CI didnt k

10、now.Will he come back?(合并一句）I didnt know_he _come back.Where did you buy your pen?Do you remember?(改为宾语从句）Do you remember _I _my pen.I dont know what I should do with the broken bike.I dont know what _ _with the broken bike.He told me.The earth is round.(改为宾语从句）He told me _ the earth _round.I didnt

11、know.Will he come back?(合并一句）I didnt know if/whether he would come back.Where did you buy your pen?Do you remember?(改为宾语从句）Do you remember where I bought my pen.I dont know what I should do with the broken bike.I dont know what to do with the broken bike.He told me.The earth is round.(改为宾语从句）He told

12、 me _that the earth is round.宾宾语语从从句句小小结结一一.结构结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+that+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+if(whether)+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分3.当当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分二主从时态关系二主从时态关系主句主句从句从句一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时3.(特殊特殊):任何时态任何时态(客观、自然现象客观、自然现象)三三.

13、语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化一般现在时一般现在时(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(2)She doesnt know what she should do next.She doesnt know_.(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)Will you please show me how I can work it out?Will you pl

14、ease show me _.(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)to do sth 结构。eg:(4)A:Please be quiet.B:What did Bill say?A:He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)I dont th

15、ink he will come with you.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)I dont believe he has finished the work,_?(7)He knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾 语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语 由主句的主语充当。has hedidnt he三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化

16、为不定式结构。eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail_.II.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterd