人教版八年级下第一单元课文+知识点+练习.docx

1、人教版八年级下第一单元课文+知识点+练习初二下 U1 Section A Dialogue: Mandy：Lisa，are you OK?莉萨，你没事吧？Lisa:I have a headache and I cant move my neck What should I do? Should I take my temperature?莉萨：我头痛，脖子动弹不得。我该怎么办？我应该量体温吗？Mandy: No，it doesnt sound like you have a fever. What did you do on the weekend?曼迪：不，听起来你不像发烧。周末你做什么了

2、？Lisa: l played computer games all weekend.莉萨：我整个周末都玩电脑游戏了。Mandy：Thats probably why. You need to take breaks away from the computer.曼迪：很可能那就是原因了。你需要离开电脑休息一下了。Lisa：Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.莉萨：是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。Mandy：I think you should lie down and rest. If y

3、our head and neck still hurt tomorrow，then go to a doctor.曼迪：我认为休应该躺下休息。如果明天你的头和脖子依旧痛的话，就去看医生。Lisa: OK. Thanks，Mandy.莉萨：好的。谢谢，曼迪。(2) Bus Driver and passengers Save an Old Man 公交车司机和乘客救了一位老人At 9:00 am yesterday, bus No, 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side

4、 of the road. A woman next to him was shouting for help.昨天上午九点，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。在他身旁一位妇女正在呼救。The bus driver，24-yearold Wang Ping，stopped the bus without thinking twice. Hand asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr.Wang k

5、new he had to act quickly. He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But to his suprise, hey all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus. Thanks to Mr.

6、Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble,” says one passenger. But the driver didnt think about himself. He only hought about saving a life. (think - thought - thought)公交车司机，24岁的王平，没有多想便停下了

7、公交车。 他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事。 她说那位老人有心脏病，座该去医院。 王先生知道他必须快速行动。 他告诉乘客他必须送老人去医院。 他希望大部分或全部乘客下车去等下一辆公交车。 但令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。一些乘客帮助王先生把老人抬上了公交车多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。 “因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不愿帮助别人，这是令人寒心的，”一位乘客说，“但是这位司机没有考虑自己。 他所想的就是救人一命。”Key Language Points：一、询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用：1.Whats the matter（with sb）? 2. Whats t

8、he trouble / problem（with sb）? 3.Whats wrong（with sb）? 4. Whats ones trouble / problem ？5.Whats up ? 6. What happened to sb ?7. Are you OK ? 8. Is there anything wrong with sb ? 二表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结：1.Sb + have /has + a / an + 疾病名称： have a cold / fever / cough / temperature2.Sb + have/ has a sore +身体部位

9、： have a sore throat / back3.Sb + have / has+ a+ 身体部位ache have a toothache /headache / stomachache / earache /backache4.Sb + hurt(s) +身体部位/ oneself ; He hurt his leg . 或身体部位+ hurts ; My head hurts badly .5.There is something wrong with ones +身体部位。三情态动词 should / shouldt 用法：常表示提出意见或建议，义务和责任，还可表命令责备或要求

10、等语气;1. You should lie down and rest .2.You shouldt eat so much next time . 译：_ 3. What should I do ?4. Should I put some medicine on it ？ -Yes, you should ./ No, you should t. 四Some key words.1. sore adj. 疼痛的 可作定语或表语 She has a sore throat / back . 译：_ My leg is very sore . 译：_2.back n. 后面，背面 He sat

11、at the back of the classroom. adv . 回（原处) come back 3. lie vi. 躺，卧-lay. lain.lying lie down 躺下 撒谎 -lied-lied -lying You are lying to me . 译：_ n. 谎言假话 tell a lie / lies lay vt. .-laid -laid-laying 产卵 下蛋 放置4. rest 休息 v./n. You should rest for a few days . 译：_ get some rest= have (take) a rest /a break

12、 / breaks休息一下 5. to one s surprise （使某人惊讶的是）常作插入语，位于句首 To his surprise, she failed the exam . 译：_ in surprise 吃惊地 A surprising gift 译_ What surprising news ! 译：_surprised- 人be surprised to do / be surprised at sth / be surprised that在这遇见你我很惊讶。译：_对于比赛的结果（result）我很惊讶。译：_6. much too+ 形容词或副词， 太. ， too m

13、any+可数名词复数，太多 too much+不可数名词，太多. Eg. You are talking too much. 译：_7. enough形容、副词,足够的/地，(1) enough +名词; enough water (2) 形副+ enough ; good enough (1) 你有足够的时间吗？ 译：_（2）这个包够沉的了。 译：_ 8. sound like+名词代词和从句：听起来像. It sounds like you dont know the truth. 译：_ It sounds like a good idea. 译：_sound ( look/feel/t

14、aste/smell )+形容词 (感官动词+形容词) 听起来. eg. The music sounds _ (beautiful) She dances _ (beautiful). 9. need (1).需要，实义动词 人作主语 ; need+sth，需要某物 (1) Lily需要一个新书包。译：_ （2）Sherry 需要这个新电脑吗？译：_need (sb) to do sth.需要做某事 (3) Jim 需要马上回家。 译：_10. agree 同意，赞同 -disagree(反义词) agree with sb. 同意某人(观点) 你同意我的观点吗？译：_ agree to d

15、o sth. 同意做某事 老师，我妈妈同意给我买个新书包了。译：_11. right away = right now = at once，意为 “马上” 请马上过来。译：_12. advice (不可数n.) 建议,意见 a piece of advice _ some advice _ give sb. advice on sth./ take ones advice advise v. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 （不定式做宾语补足语） advise doing sth.建议做某事 （动名词作宾语）13. hurt 及物动词（vt.）使疼痛，受伤 hurt

16、-hurt-hurt(1)He hurt his leg . 译：_ (2)He hurt her feelings. 译：_不及物动词（vi.)（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. 14. hit -hit（过去式）（用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. 译：_hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。 15. see sb doing

17、sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调瞬间动作） I saw a boy playing football near my home. 译：_ see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程） We saw him cross the road. 译：_16. shout to sb向某人喊话 shout at sb 冲某人叫喊（贬义） shout for help 大声呼救17. expect sb to do sth 期待某人去做某事Alice期待Lydia这周末和她一起逛街。译：_18. think about（+doing）考虑 think of 想起，认为 当我们一想到放假，就会

18、想到考试。译：_think over 仔细考虑 你应该仔细想想这个问题。（careful, problem）译：_ think up 想出 对不起，我想不出你的名字了。译：_19. fall down（+from）摔倒，跌倒 （fall - fell - fallen）fall behind 落后，跟不上 fall into 落入 fall asleep 入睡晚上早点入睡对于我妈妈老说很难。（it从句）译：_fall in love with 爱上 因为Sherry, 我爱上了英语。译：_ fall off 从跌落下来20.反身代词回顾：数/人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 mysel

19、f yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves用在固定短语中如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 译：_ teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 译：_enjoy oneself 译：_ help oneself to sth 译：_. hurt oneself 译：_ say to oneself 译：_ leave sb. by oneself 译：_ buy oneself sth. 译：_introdu

20、ce oneself 译：_【提醒】1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.21. trouble (不可数)；苦恼，问题 be in trouble 处于困境 get into trouble陷入困境 make trouble 制造麻烦 have trouble / difficulties / problems (in) doing s

21、th 做.有麻烦/做某事有困难22. in the same way 以同样的方式 on the way to 在去的路上 in the way 挡路 out of the way 不再碍事 by the way 顺便说一下 in this way 用这种方法 in a way 在某种程度上 23.短语总结 （1）too much 太多 （2）lie down 躺下 （3）put some medicine on .在.上敷药 （4）have a fever 发烧 （5）take breaks /take a break 休息 （6）without thinking twice 没多 （7）g

22、et off 下车 （8）take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院 （9）wait for等待 （10）to ones surprise 使.惊讶的 （11 in time及时 （12）think about 考虑 （13）have a heart problem患有心脏病 （14）get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 （15）do the right thing做正确的事情事情 （16）fall down 摔倒 （17）put . on sth把.放在某物上 （18）get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 （19）be interested in 对

23、.感兴趣 （20）be used to 习惯于. （21） take risks/take a risk 挑战 （22）lose ones life 失去生命 （23）because of+sb 因为某人 （24）run out of 用完 （25） cut off 切除 （26）get out of 从.出来 （27）make a decision/decisions 做决定 （28）be in control of 掌管；管理 （29）give up 放弃 （30）get an X-ray 拍X 光片 （31）take ones temperature 量体温 （32） hot tea w

24、 ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 （33）see a dentist 看牙医 （34） get off 下车-get on 上车 （35）all weekend 整个周末 （36） away from 远离（37）for too long 太长时间 （38） on the side of the road 在马路边 （39）without thinking twice 没多想 （40）get sunburned 被晒伤 （41）have a heart problem有心脏病 （42）feel very hot 感到很热 （43）have a nosebleed 流鼻血 （44）cut hi

25、s knee 割伤他的膝盖 （45）put her head back 把她的头向后仰 （46）save a life 挽救生命（47）on time 准时 （48）do the right thing 做正确的事 （49）go mountain climbing 去爬山 （50）go to a doctor = go to see a doctor = go to the doctors 看医生 （51）thanks to 多亏, 由于（= because of = with the help of） Section B He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbi

26、ng 他失去了手臂但还在爬山Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sport, There were many times when Aron almost lost his because of accidents. On April 26,2003 he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing un Utah.啊伦罗尔斯顿是一位对爬山感兴趣的美国人。作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。这是从事危险运动