高中宾语从句复习总结doc.docx

1、高中宾语从句复习总结doc宾语从句专题讲解一、 定义和宾从例句分析宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。A作动词的宾语：I heard the newsI heard that he would come here later on.B作介词的宾语：He said nothing about the plan.He said nothing about who broke the window last night.二、 带有宾语从句的复合句的构成带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句 连接在一起。连接词有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where,

2、 why, which, if, whether, how.1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.宾语2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.间接宾语直接宾语3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.间接宾语直接宾语4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时（一般过去

3、时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一 种，（大自然的现象和真理除外）。5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinne匚在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一 般将来时，现在完成时），从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态。时态：1 主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。三、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whethe匚that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，而if和whether引导表示是否啲宾语从句.He told me t

4、hat he would go to the college the next yearI dont know if there will be a bus any more.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.连接代词连接代词： who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whoever,whatever, whichever 等.连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈 述.Do you know who has won the game?I dont know w

5、hom you should depend on.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?连接副词连接畐【J 词 主要有 when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等.He didn tell me when we should meet again.Could you please tell me how you read the new p

6、anel?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.部分“动词+副词结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold ou

7、tCan you work out how much we will spend during the trip?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有：make sure 确保 make up ones mind 下决心 keep in mind 牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句1 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候, 则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think

8、it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day I feel it a pity that I haven been to the get-together.I have made it a rule that I keep diariesWe all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.三、 介词的宾语从句用wh类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students

9、 into our club.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.四、 形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有：sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass

10、the exam.I am son*y that I have troubled you so long.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.五、 if,whether在宾语从句中的区别1 if和whether在作“是否”解时，引导宾语从句常放在动词 know,ask,care,wonder,find out 等之后，介词后一般不用 if2 少数动词，女B:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.3 whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4 在不定式前只能用wheth

11、er.(如：I carft decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。)5 避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.六、 哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词thatthat引导的宾语从句只是起连结作用,木身没有意义，在口语或非止式 文件中可以省略.例:She said (that) she was going to study French.她说她准备去学法语. 提示：1 如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句,第二个(和第三 个)连接词不可省略.例:I forgot (that) my research paper was due on Tuesday and

12、that my teacher had said he would not accept late papers2主句中有it作形式宾语,that不可省例:We think it is important that every citizen should have good manners.3宾语从句主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语,引导词that不可 省例:She told me that that night was very cold她告诉我，那个晚上很冷.4.in that,except that后接宾语从句时,引导词that不可省例:Criticism is

13、 necessary in that it helps to correct our mistakes.七、宾语从句的否定转移i胃 语 是 think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess 等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般 要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don think he will come to my party而不能说成 I think he won，t come to my party.I dont believe that man is killed by Ji

14、mjs he?英语宾语从句考点一、关联词关联词又称“连词，或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重耍组成部分。连词：1 .连接代词(that, who, whom, what, which)2. 连接副词(when, where, why, how)3. 从属连词(if, whether)由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导. 在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1. I dont know who will be our headteacher next semester.缺指人的主语用 who,如缺指物的 主语则用whato2.1 doub

15、t what my epal will write soon.缺指物的宾语用what,如缺指人的宾语则用whom。3.1 think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects.句子不缺成分,用 that;如果 (hat后跟有代词，可省略lhato4. She let me know when the meeting would be held.缺时间状语,用 when；缺地点状语，用 where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。5. I dont know which / what topic I should

16、 choose.缺定语, ffl what 或 whicho6 The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the comi ng test.表示“是否(有，能，已 经 )等含义，用whether或if。7. Fd be interested to know whether he will see the movieDawrT or not.强调是否对比时，用连 词 whether o例 1 A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C

17、. what D. when仮!1 2 Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A. why B. what C. who D. that例 3 The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enoughA. where B. how C. what D. which例 4 The way he did it was different we were used to.A. in which B in what C. from what D

18、from which例 5 He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning his teammates haddone A. what B. which C. why D. while二、 语序以从属连词(if, whether) 连接代词(what, which, who, whose)和连接副词(when,where, how, why)等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。例 6 No one can be sure in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what

19、 will man look likeC. man will look like what D what look will man like例 7 The boss went up to ask .A. what the matter was B. whats the matter C. what was the matter D. what the matter is三、 时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应：1. 如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来吋，从句谓语动词时态可不受约朿；2. 如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg. I thought he had gone to

20、 town today.Eg. Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun.例 8 The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets A. was booked B had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked例 9 We were all suiprised when he made it clear that he office soon.A. leaves B.

21、would leave C. had left D. had been away例 10 Do you work in the lab every afternoon? No, but sometimes I wish I A. have time B. had time to do C have time to D. had time to四、 宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例 11 Fve worked with children before, so I know what in my new job.A. expected E to expect C t

22、o be expecting D. expects例 12 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows .A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it例 13 The mother didnt know to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while shewas out.A. who B. when C. how

23、D. what五、 宾语从句的特殊式1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。女口：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest. (whoever= anyone who / any person who)These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them. (whatever= anything that)It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever h

24、e or she wants, whatever 在此处是泛 扌旨,不可被 what 替代。而T cant remember at the moment who has said the words?9中的 who 表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever2. 让作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。(1) 动词 + it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause thatclause 中谓语动词前可 加should,亦可省略。如1：I think it important that you (should) attend the conf

25、erence.(2) 动词+it + as+名词/形容词+ clauseo女口：The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture（3） 动词 + it + 介词 + thatclauseo 常见的有:owe it to sb. + thatclause（把 归功于某人），leave it to sb. + thatclause （把 留给某人去做）,take it for granted + thatclause （想当 然）,keep it in mind + thatclause （记

26、住 ）。如：I just took it for granted that hed always be around（4） 动词 + it + clauseo 如：I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except when it rains.3. 含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主 语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Brian told you that there wasnt any

27、one in the room at that time, didnt he?当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect / feel等吋，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保 持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。女口：I dorTt suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?4. 两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的 不可省。女U： He tol

28、d me （that） they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 5 主语 +be+形容词 + clauseo 女口： Em afraid that I cant promise you anything.例 14 The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever例 15 has helped to save the drowning girl is wor

29、th praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever仮!1 16 Ed appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you例 17 I dont think you could have been used to the quick pace of life while studying in the USA you? I thought of returning to our country at one ti

30、me.A. had; Yes B. do; Yes C. have; No D. were; No例 18 With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased he was a man of action.A. which B. that C. what D. whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用(1)I dont knowor not-A.whether he is at homeB if he is at homec.that he is at homeD. whe

31、ther is he at home(2) This depends on the weather is fineA- which B whether C讦 D. that(3) The teacher asked the new student class he was inA. which B where C. if D. that(4) I dont know Mr. Green will come to see us. HeTl help us with our EnglishA. why B. when C how D where(5) Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear I said? David? Yes, MumA. what B. that C. why D. if(6) Do you know Mr Blacks address is? He may live at NO 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of A- where, which B.